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Abstract

In this paper a prototype framework for simulation of wireless sensor network and its protocols are presented. The framework simulates operation of a sensor network with data transmission, which enables simultaneous development of the sensor network software, its hardware and the protocols for wireless data transmission. An advantage of using the framework is converging simulation with the real software. Instead of creating a model of the sensor network node, the same software is used in real sensor network nodes and in the simulation framework. Operation of the framework is illustrated with examples of simulations of selected transactions in the sensor network.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Wójcikowski
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Abstract

The Medical Simulation Center at the Medical University of Białystok was created as part of a broader project. Throughout Poland there are 12 such centers, and each with a somewhat different concept. The common denominator is that they help medical, nursing, and obstetrics students test their knowledge and skills in practice. The Medical Simulation Center in Białystok boasts a sizeable set of simulation facilities, including an operating room, ambulance, emergency ward, labor ward, and nurse’s station. The technicians devise scenarios for students to enable them to practice reacting to specific cases. All the facilities are equipped with state-of-the-art audio-video equipment to record lessons for later review and analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jakub Ostałowski
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Abstract

Prof. Daniel Wójcik from the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology explains the principles of brain modelling

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Authors and Affiliations

Daniel Wójcik
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Abstract

Simulation-based models standing in for the real world are unfettered by any biological, emotional, historical, logical, or practical limitations.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Kasia
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Abstract

Dr. Takao Ishikawa from the University of Warsaw talks about why perhaps not all scientists should aim to become professors, and explains what we can learn from yeast proteins.

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Authors and Affiliations

Takao Ishikawa
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Abstract

The author presents a development of computational model of design of ball screws thread. This model is the basis for computer program, which calculates the geometrical features of the thread for precisely given backlashes and contact angles. The program makes it possible to create a data base of a new generation ball screw of quality competitive to foreign ball screws. The modeling allows one to better select the ball screw and to predict its quality in the early stage of design.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Z. Sobolewski
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Abstract

This article presents a sequential model of the heating-remelting-cooling of steel samples based on the finite element method (FEM) and the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). The numerical implementation of the developed solution was completed as part of the original DEFFEM 3D package, being developed for over ten years, and is a dedicated tool to aid physical simulations performed with modern Gleeble thermo-mechanical simulators. Using the developed DEFFEM 3D software to aid physical simulations allows the number of costly tests to be minimized, and additional process information to be obtained, e.g. achieved local cooling rates at any point in the sample tested volume, or characteristics of temperature changes. The study was complemented by examples of simulation and experimental test results, indicating that the adopted model assumptions were correct. The developed solution is the basis for the development of DEFFEM 3D software aimed at developing a comprehensive numerical model allows the simulation of deformation of steel in semi solid state.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Hojny
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Abstract

The properties of a mechanical resonator provide a valuable ability to measure liquid density and viscosity. The viscosity of liquids is of interest to researchers in both industry and medicine. In this paper, a viscosity sensor for liquids is proposed, which is designed based on an electromechanical resonator. In the proposed sensor, a capacitor is used as an electrostatic actuator. The capacitor is also used to monitor the frequency changes of the proposed resonator. The range of displacement of the resonator and capacitor in response to different fluids under test varies according to their viscosity. The design of the proposed sensor and its electrostatic and mechanical simulations are reported in this paper. Also, the effect of viscosity of several different liquids on its performance has been analyzed and presented experimentally using a prototype.
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Authors and Affiliations

Amin Eidi
1

  1. Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract

The article deals with a widely used method of measuring the overall efficiency of equipment (OEE), which in combination with technologies and software tools is gaining in importance. The overall efficiency of OEE equipment is a key performance metric for machines and equipment to identify hidden capacities and increase production productivity. The intensification of Industry 4.0 in traditional manufacturing companies supports and creates the conditions for their transformation into a smart factory. The integration of intelligent machines and devices with complex human-machine communication network systems requires a new direction in measuring and increasing OEE. Mass customization, resp. personalization of production raises a high need to monitor, improve and further maintain productivity. The aim of the article is to create a simulation model of the production process and test the energy consumption of selected equipment using TX Plant Simulation software with a proposal of measures to increase the OEE of the company.
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Authors and Affiliations

Miriam Pekarcíková
1
Peter Trebuna
2
Marek Kliment
2
Jozef Trojan
1
Ján Kopec
1
Michal Dic
1
Jana Kronová
1

  1. Department of Industrial and Digital Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Slovak Republic
  2. Department of Industrial and Digital Engineering, Technical University of Košice
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Abstract

This paper provides an analysis of the evacuation process in a road tunnel in the event of a fire, using the example of the tunnel under the Luboń Mały mountain currently being constructed on Expressway S7’s Lubień – Rabka-Zdrój section. As fires are the largest and most dangerous events occurring in road tunnels, it is important to predict the evacuation process as early as at the design stage. The study described here used numerical modelling to simulate evacuation, which made it possible to determine the required safe evacuation time of all tunnel users in a fire. On the basis of the parameters of the tunnel under Luboń Mały, numerical studies were performed for four different fire scenarios, three of which assumed various fire locations with the currently designed two traffic lanes. The fourth variant accounted for the planned extension of the roadway to include three traffic lanes. Eventually, four numerical models were developed involving various fire ignition locations and numbers of potential tunnel users. The values of initial-boundary conditions used in the simulation, such as movement speed during evacuation, shoulder breadth and pre-movement time, were specified on the basis of experimental data for an evacuation performed in smoke conditions in the Emilia tunnel in Laliki. The results lead to the conclusion that if the time of reaching critical conditions in the tunnel is not shorter than 5 minutes 40 seconds for the current design state and 5 minutes 47 seconds for three lanes, the distribution of evacuation exits in the tunnel under Luboń Mały will ensure safe evacuation.
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Bibliography

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[2] A . Voeltzel, A. Dix, A comparative analysis of the Mont Blanc, Tauern and Gotthard tunnel fires. World Road Association (PIARC ) 324, 18-34 (2004).
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[5] E . Ronchi, P. Colonna, J. Capote, D. Alvear, N. Berloco, A. Cuesta, The evaluation of different evacuation models for assessing road tunnel safety analyses. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 30, 74-84 (2012). doi: 10.1016/j.tust.2012.02.008
[6] E . Ronchi, M. Kinsey, Evacuation models of the future: insights from an online survey of user’s experiences and needs. Advanced Research Workshop – Evacuation and Human Behaviour in Emergency Situations 145-155 (2011).
[7] N. Schmidt-Polończyk. Ocena możliwości stosowania wentylacji wzdłużnej w długich tunelach drogowych. Assessment of the possibility to apply longitudinal ventilation in long road tunnels. PhD thesis, AGH UST (2016).
[8] Road Tunnels: Operational Strategies for Emergency Ventilation. France: PIARC Committee on Road Tunnels (2011).
[9] M . Kinateder, P. Pauli, M. Müller, J. Krieger, F. Heimbecher, I. Rönnau, Human behaviour in severe tunnel accidents: Effects of information and behavioural training. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 17, 20-32 (2013). doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2012.09.001
[10] E . Ronchi, K. Fridolf, H. Frantzich, D. Nilsson, A.L. Walter, H. Modig, A tunnel evacuation experiment on movement speed and exit choice in smoke. Fire Safety Journal 97, 126-136 (2018). doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.06.002
[11] M . Seike, N. Kawabata, M. Hasegawa, Evacuation speed in full-scale darkened tunnel filled with smoke. Fire Safety Journal 91, 901-907, (2017). doi: 10.1016/j.firesaf.2017.04.034
[12] C. Casse, S. Caroly, Analysis of critical incidents in tunnels to improve learning from experience. Safety Science 116, 222-230 (2019), DOI : 10.17632/scrdwnzc7t.1
[13] K . Fridolf, E. Ronchi, D. Nilsson, H. Frantzich, The representation of evacuation movement in smoke-filled underground transportation systems. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 90, 28-41 (2019), doi: 10.1016/j. tust.2019.04.016
[14] J. Porzycki, N. Schmidt-Polończyk, J. Wąs, Pedestrian behavior during evacuation from road tunnel in smoke condition – Empirical results. PLOS ONE 13 (8), e0201732 (2019). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201732
[15] I. Donald, D. Canter, Intentionality and fatality during the King’s Cross underground fire. European Journal of Social Psychology 22 (3), 203-218 (1992).
[16] K . Fridolf, D. Nilsson, H. Frantzich, Fire Evacuation in Underground Transportation Systems: A Review of Accidents and Empirical Research. Fire Technology 49 (2), 451-475 (2013). doi: 10.1007/s10694-011-0217-x
[17] Thunderhead Engineering. Pathfinder 2014.2 Verification and Validation (2014).
[18] Thunderhead Engineering. Pathfinder 2016. User Manual (2016).
[19] P. Liszka, Ocena bezpieczeństwa ewakuacji w tunelu pod Luboniem Małym. Master’s Thesis, AGH University of Science and Technology (2018).
[20] P.G. Gipps, B. Marksjo, A microsimulation model for pedestrian flows. Mathematics and Computers in Simulation 27, 95-105 (1985).
[21] M . Moussaïd, N. Perozo, S. Garnier, D. Helbing, G. Theraulaz, The Walking Behaviour of Pedestrian Social Groups and Its Impact on Crowd Dynamics. PLOS ONE. 5 (4), 1-7 (2010). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010047
[22] RABT : Forschungsgesellschaft fur Strassen-and Verkehrswesen, Richtlinien fuer Ausstattung und Betrieb von Strassentunneln (2006).

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Authors and Affiliations

Natalia Schmidt-Polończyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zbigniew Burtan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Liszka
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
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Abstract

Problems related to power control of low power-output steam turbines are analyzed. These turbines are designed to operate in distributed power generation systems. Principles of automatic control involving a single control valve are presented on the basis of experience gathered with high power-output turbines. Results of simulations of power control for a low power-output turbine are discussed. It has been proven that closing of the control system and an application of a power controller (of optimally selected parameters) improves the object dynamics (shortening of the transition period). At the same time, a lack of such optimization can results in occurrence of undesirable phenomena such as: overshoot in the generator power characteristics, elongation of the response time to disturbance or overshoot of turbine control valves.
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Bibliography

[1] Karczewski J., Szuman P.: Electrohydraulic Ccontrol of Real Power of Turbosets in the Power and Electricity Generation System Control. Monografie 6. Wydawn. Inst. Energ., Warszawa 2020 (in Polish).
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[3] Janiczek R.: Operation of Steam Powerplants. WNT, Warszawa 1992 (in Polish).
[4] Pawlik M., Strzelczyk F.: Power Plants. WNT, Warszawa 2009 (in Polish).
[5] Chmielniak T.: Power Generation Technologies. PWN, Warszawa 2021 (in Polish).
[6] Kryłłowicz W., Szwaja S.: A lowpower-output steam turbine in a system with a heat recovery boiler. Project rep. POIG 01.03.01-26-021/12, Czestochowa 2015 (in Polish).
[7] Gundlach W.: Turbomachinery. PWN, Warszawa 1970 (in Polish). [8] Karczewski J., Szuman P.: Scilab. Modelling and Simulation of Control System Operation. Nakom, Poznan 2019 (in Polish).
[9] Karczewski J.: Coordination of loading of boiler and turbine systems in an electricpower unit. IEEE Catalog Number CFP19H21-ART.: ISBN: 978-1-7281-2053-9.
[10] Karczewski J., Pawlak M.: Power control problems of units co-burning biomass. Arch. Energ. XLI(2011), 3–4, 29–39.
[11] Karczewski J., Pawlak M., Szuman P., Wasik P.: Assessment of availability of the power unit participating in the regulation of the electrical power system. Arch. Energ. XL(2010), 1–2, 89–102.
[12] Karczewski J., Szuman P.: Testing of the power unit control systems using power unit and its parts simulation model. Elektronika (2018), 11 (in Polish).
[13] Karczewski J., Szuman P.: Testing of the power unit control systems using power unit simulator. Elektronika (2017), 11 (in Polish).
[14] Karczewski J., Szuman P.: Power unit work optimization based on simulation of various control system configurations. Prace Inst. Elektrotechn. 270(2015) (in Polish).
[15] Karczewski J., Szuman P.: Simulation of various control system configuration of power units. Elektronika (2015), 12 (in Polish).
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Authors and Affiliations

Władysław Kryłłowicz
1
Jacek Karczewski
2
Paweł Szuman
2

  1. Lodz University of Technology, Institute of Turbomachinery, Wolczanska 217/221, 93-003 Lodz, Poland
  2. Institute of Power Engineering, Mory 8, 01-330 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The hulls of naval ships are exposed to forces and moments coming from internal and external sources. Usually, these are interactions that can be described mathematically by harmonic and polyharmonic functions. The shock of UNDEX type (underwater explosion) works completely differently and its time waveform is difficult to describe with mathematical functions as pressure vs. time. The paper presents a simplification of physical and mathematical models of 1-D kickoff pressure whose aim is performance the simulation of the external force of the detonation wave. The proposed models were verified and tuned on naval, sea trials. The main goals of the proposed models are to perform simulation calculations of the detonation pressure for different explosion charge weights from different distances of the UNDEX epicentre for the design process of machine foundation. The effects of pressure are transformed as impulses exposed on shock absorber mounted at light shock machine.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Grządziela
Agata Załęska-Fornal
Marcin Kluczyk
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Abstract

In this paper, a four-pole system matrix for evaluating acoustic performance (STL) is derived using a decoupled numerical method. During the optimization process, a simulated annealing (SA) method, which is a robust scheme utilized to search for the global optimum by imitating a physical annealing process, is used. Prior to dealing with a broadband noise, to recheck the SA method’s reliability, the STL’s maximization relative to a one-tone noise (400Hz) is performed. To assure the accuracy of muffler’s mathematical model, a theoretical analysis of one-diffuser muffler is also confirmed by an experimental data. Subsequently, the optimal results of three kinds of mufflers (muffler A: one diffuser; muffler B: two diffusers; muffler C: three diffusers) have also been compared. Results reveal that the acoustical performance of mufflers will increase when the number of diffusers installed at the muffler inlet increases
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Bibliography

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2. Chang Y.C., Yeh L.J., Chiu M.C. (2004), Numerical studies on constrained venting system with side inlet/outlet mufflers by GA optimization, Acta Acustica united with Acustica, 90(6): 1159–1169.
3. Chang Y.C., Yeh L.J., Chiu M.C. (2005a), Shape optimization on double-chamber mufflers using genetic algorithm, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 219(1): 31–42, doi: 10.1243/095440605X8351.
4. Chang Y.C., Yeh L.J., Chiu M.C., Lai G.J. (2005b), Shape optimization on constrained singlelayer sound absorber by using GA method and mathematical gradient methods, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 1286(4–5): 941–961, doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2004.10.039.
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6. Chiu M.C. (2009b), Simulated annealing optimization on multi-chamber mufflers hybridized with perforated plug-inlet under space constraints, Archives of Acoustics, 34(3): 305–343.
7. Chiu M.C. (2010a), Numerical optimization of a threechamber muffler hybridized with a side inlet and a perforated tube by SA method, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 18(4): 484–495, doi: 10.51400/2709-6998.1897.
8. Chiu M.C. (2010b), Optimal design of multi-chamber mufflers hybridized with perforated intruding inlets and resonated tube using simulated annealing, Journal of Vibration and Acoustics, 132(5): Article ID 054503, doi: 10.1115/1.4001514.
9. Chiu M.C. (2012), Noise elimination of a multi-tone broadband noise with hybrid Helmholtz mufflers using a simulated annealing method, Archives of Acoustics, 37(4): 489–498, doi: 10.2478/v10168-012-0061-0.
10. Chiu M.C. (2013), Numerical assessment for a broadband and tuned noise using hybrid mufflers and a simulated annealing method, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 332(12): 2923–2940, doi: 10.1016/j.jsv.2012.12.039.
11. Chiu M.C. (2014a), Acoustical treatment of multi-tone broadband noise with hybrid side-branched mufflers using a simulated annealing method, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 33(1): 79–112, doi: 10.1260/0263-0923.33.1.79.
12. Chiu M.C. (2014b), Optimal design on one-layer closefitting acoustical hoods using a simulated annealing method, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 22(2): 211–217, doi: 10.6119/JMST-013-0503-1.
13. Chiu M.C., Chang Y.C. (2014), An assessment of high-order-mode analysis and shape optimization of expansion chamber mufflers, Archives of Acoustics, 39(4): 489–499, doi: 10.2478/aoa-2014-0053.
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Authors and Affiliations

Min-Chie Chiu
1
Ho-Chih Cheng
2

  1. Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Tatung University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
  2. Department of Intelligent Automation Engineering, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C.
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Abstract

Antarctica is a land of surprises. How low are the lowest temperatures ever recorded there? Is there life at –50°C? Is there anywhere on the continent tourists can actually enjoy swimming?

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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Rakusa-Suszczewski
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Abstract

Effects of temperature variation on the performance of silicon heterojunction solar cells are studied using opto-electrical simulations. It is shown that the low-temperature cell efficiency is determined by the fill factor, while at high temperatures it depends on the open-circuit voltage. Simulations revealed that the low-temperature drop in the fill factor is caused by poor tunnelling, in particular at the ITO/p-a-Si:H heterojunction. The authors link this drop in fill factor to a low maximum-power-point voltage and show how poor tunnelling is reflected in the charge redistribution determining the device voltage. The effect of the contact work function on temperature behaviour of efficiency by varying the electron affinity of ITO layers has been demonstrated. It was also demonstrated that increasing the electron affinity of ITO on the p-side minimises the work function mismatch, leading to significant improvements in efficiency, especially at low temperatures, while optimisation on the n-side results in marginal improvements over the entire temperature range. In addition to the cumulative effects of the temperature-dependent parameters, their individual contributions to the efficiency were also investigated. Moreover, it was presented that the thermal energy (kT) determines the efficiency temperature behaviour, while other parameters play only a minor role. This paper shows how temperature variations affect device performance parameters.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jošt Balent
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marko Topič
1
ORCID: ORCID
Janez Krč
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abstract

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a type of Ad hoc network. General properties of MANET open the network to various security threats. Network layer-based Active attacks are widespread and destructive. Available security solutions contain complex calculations. Therefore, the objective of this research is to propose a lightweight security mechanism to enhance the security of data communications between source and destination nodes in a MANET from network layer-based active attack. Blackhole is used as a network layer-based Active attack. The network performance is evaluated using Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), Average End-to-End Delay (AEED), Throughput, and Simulation Processing Time at Intermediate Nodes (SPTIN). The controller network was used to compare the performance of each network. During the experiment due to the impact of the blackhole attack, compared to the controller network, the PDR was found to be 0.28%, AEED was infinity and Throughput was 0.33%. The performance of the proposed security mechanism was compared with that of the controller network, and the values of PDR, AEED, Throughput, and SPTIN were found to be 98.0825%, 100.9346%, 99.9988%, and 96.5660%, respectively. The data packet delivery ratio was 100.00% compared to that of the controller network. The network that was affected by a blackhole attack showed a higher amount of ADDR than the controller network and the lowest amount of PDR. The network that was affected by the blackhole showed underperformance compared to the controller network. The proposed security mechanism performs well in PDR, AEED, and Throughput compared to the controller network. The AEED and SPTIN values prove that the proposed solution is free from complex calculations. The scope of the solution can be expanded into a lightweight Intruder Detection System to handle different types of security attacks in MANETs.
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Authors and Affiliations

Uthumansa Ahamed
1
Shantha Fernando
2

  1. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
  2. University of Moratuwa, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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Abstract

With the improvement of the planning level of underground space, the location of the planned under-crossing tunnel can be known in advance when constructing the upper-span tunnel. Therefore, pre-protection measures can be taken in advance during the construction of the upper-span tunnel. A new pre-protection method of a pipe-jacking channel was proposed to reduce the adverse effects of under-crossing shield tunnels. Numerical simulations of different pre-protection schemes were carried out using the finite element method to analyze its deformation control effect. The simulation results show that the deformation control effect of the gantry reinforcement scheme is the most significant. It is shown that the displacement of the pipe-jacking channel is more significantly suppressed with pre-protection measures than without preventive protection measures. The vertical displacement curve of the pipe-jacking channel exhibits a “W” shape after the construction of the double-lane shield underpass. By comparing the three different working conditions, it is found that the maximum vertical displacement and surface settlement of the pipe-jacking channel greatly reduced the gantry reinforcement pre-protection. Compared with Case 3, the effect of the pre-protection measures adopted in Case 2 was less obvious, which indicated that the form of the pre-protection had an important influence on controlling the deformation of the pipe-jacking channel.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yunliang Cui
1 2
Xukun Yang
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Xinquan Wang
1 2
Hongguo Diao
1 2
Xiao Li
1 2
Yuanyuan Gao
1 2

  1. School of Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, PR China
  2. Key Laboratory of Safe Construction and Intelligent Maintenance for Urban Shield Tunnels of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310015, PR China
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Abstract

Simulation is used today in many contexts, such as simulating technology to tune or optimize performance, safety engineering, testing, training, education, and entertainment. In some industries, simulations are commonly used, but in heat treatment this is rather an exception. The paper compares the simulation of carburization and nitrocementation of 16MnCr5 steel with a practical application. The aim was to determine the applicability of chemical heat treatment simulation. We were looking for an answer to the question: to what extent can we rely on the technological design of heat treatment? The software designed the heat treatment technology. He drew the technological process of chemical-thermal treatment of 16MnCr5 steel. The thickness of the cementite layer was 1 mm and the nitrocementation 1.2 mm. Changes in mechanical properties were observed. Cementing, nitrocementing, hardness, microhardness, metallography, and spectral analysis were practically performed. This article describes the benefits of simulation, speed and accuracy of the process. The only difference was in determining the carbon potential. The simulation confirmed the practical use and its contribution in the technological process.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

E. Kantoríková
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Fabian
1
M. Sýkorová
1

  1. Department of Technological Engineering, University of Žilina in Žilina, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
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Abstract

Safe mine operations and optimal economical decision making in the context of lignite resources require an adequate level of knowledge about the spatial distribution of critical attributes in terms of geometry and quality in the deposit. Therefore, ore body models are generated using different approaches in geostatistics, depending on the problem to be solved. In this article the analysis of geostatistical methods used for deposits modeling has been presented. Based on exploration data concerning caloric value Q, models of one exemplary lignite deposit has been made. Two models of deposit were prepared using two different methods: ordinary kriging (OK) and sequential Gaussian conditional simulation (SGSIM). Different models of the same deposit were analyzed and compared with source data using criterion of fidelity to statistical attributes like: mean value, variance, statistical distribution. Models, which have been created based on exploration data, were compared with in-situ data gained from survey activities in the exploitation process. As a result of comparison correlation factor and measures of deviations were computed: average relative error, absolute relative error. Models were compared with in situ data, considering statistical features and local variability as well. In conclusion, the study gives valuable information into the benefits of using certain geostatistical approaches for variable tasks and problems in the lignite deposits design process. For the assessment of average values of deposit parameters ordinary kriging provides appropriate effects. Geostatisical simulation (e.g. sequential Gaussian simulation - SGSIM) provides much more relevant information for tasks connected to probability (or risk) of defined threshold exceedences than ordinary kriging. Models made with simulation method are characterized by high fidelity of spatial distribution in comparison to source data.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Naworyta
Jörg Benndorf
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Abstract

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) – a kind of optical counterpart of ultrasound imaging – is continually being improved as image contrast boosting techniques are developed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Karol Karnowski
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Abstract

Prof. Przemysław Perlikowski, a mechanical engineer, and his wife Asst. Prof. Renata Perlikowska, who studies opioid peptides used in medicine, discuss the challenges of research work and life.

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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Perlikowski
ORCID: ORCID
Renata Perlikowska
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Abstract

Weather forecasting requires knowledge of the laws of atmospheric movement. Apart from classic fluid mechanics, we must consider the rotational motion of our planet, the differential heating of its surface through the absorption of solar radiation, as well as water evaporation and condensation processes.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lech Łobocki

Abstract

Polish-Belgian relations are not just about economics or joint membership in European institutions. Rather, they are a story of centuries-old friendship between two nations that cherish freedom. This was the leitmotif of a conference held on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries. The conference took place at the headquarters of the Belgian Ambassador in Poland on 11 April 2019, with Polish Senator Anna Maria Anders in attendance.

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Abstract

They are unfairly regarded as junk protein, but the truth is they have not been properly studied due to a lack of suitable tools. So how much do we really know about non-globular proteins?

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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Gruca
Marcin Grynberg

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