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Number of results: 9
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Abstract

This report describes the community involved in technology, organisation, and economics of theconstruction industry. The community includes mainly academics gathered around KILiW PAN, the Polish Academy of Sciences Section for Civil Engineering Projects. The results have been obtainedbased on the survey conducted in the period of 2007–2010. Some financial issues are presentedhere which influence the scope of the research underway and the didactic process. Some of theissues presented here comprise the subject matters of research, postgraduate studies, academicdegrees, as well as publications and international cooperation. Conclusions were presented in theform of suggestions in the field of research and teaching.

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Authors and Affiliations

O. Kapliński
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Abstract

The implementation of processes comprising the overall project management consists in the use of various tools, methods and techniques depending on the type of the project. The knowledge of the industry and the characteristics of construction projects make it possible to select those which, on the one hand, will not cause difficulties for the contractors and on the other, will, in fact, constitute a necessary complement to the technical skills of the project manager. Construction companies face situations that have a profound impact on the failure of projects. Such occurrences include a large number of simultaneously implemented projects, the appointment of a person who knows the project mainly from the implementation side as the project manager, a failure to perform risk analysis and procedures that become irrelevant when deadlines are approaching. After reviewing the available construction projects, analysing the literature, consulting experts and making observations, the authors determined that the majority of difficulties and failures result from omissions or errors that take place during the project planning and implementation stages. The following paper outlines the selected elements of project management, whose application in construction projects may significantly affect their final success and the results obtained. It also includes an example of the use of modern management methods, which certainly include risk management methods. A utilitarian tool addressing the effects of risk analysis is a contingency plan. Contingency may be translated as eventuality, possibility and sometimes also as coincidence.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Kowacka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dariusz Skorupka
2
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Bekisz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dominika Dudziak Gajowiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Artur Duchaczek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. General Tadeusz Kosciuszko Military University of Land Forces, Faculty of Economics, Czajkowskiego St. 109, 51-147 Wroclaw, Poland
  2. Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, 27 WybrzezeWyspianskiego St., 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Abstract

The article highlights the fact that numerous key decisions in temporary construction organisations are made as a result of informal, non-contractual relationships between organisation members that are not a result of formal organisational structures. These hidden relationships can be visualised in the form of social networks and Social Network Analysis methods (SNA) can be used to perform their structural analysis. In latest studies on self-organising networks in the construction sector, researchers have mostly focused on the design phase of large construction projects, e.g. infrastructural ones. Meanwhile, there exists a need for similar research to focus on temporary organisations created for the purpose of performing construction work. The authors took up this subject and examined a self-organising network of communication between the participants of the construction of a multi-family residential complex located in Katowice, Poland. The structural analysis of this network facilitated its in-depth understanding and identifying certain flaws and dysfunctions concerning individual participants of this project, which became a basis for further discussion. At the same time, the authors highlighted the benefits of managing such a self-organising network in the context of the effective achievement of project goals.

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Authors and Affiliations

G. Śladowski
E. Radziszewska-Zielina
E. Kania
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Abstract

Construction projects are characterised by complexity in the technical, organisational and environmental sphere. The organisational complexity of such projects makes it necessary to manage relationships between actors who fulfil various functions. Formal organisational structures that have been developed for this purpose do not always reflect the actual relationships between construction project participants. In literature, scholars more and more often point to the need to identify and monitor such informal relationships and attempt to manage them in order to effectively carry out projects. Structural analysis of so-called self-organising networks of relationships between project participants is carried out on the basis of established structural measures by performing Social Network Analysis (SNA). In a situation when inappropriate communication between project participants relative to management staff expectations is detected, interventions meant to improve communication in such networks are possible. The goal of the article is proposing an optimisation-oriented approach to planning such interventions while taking various constraints, such as communication costs, into consideration. As a part of this optimisation, the authors proposed a method from the heuristic methods group. This solution will support decision-making in terms of intervening within an informal relationship structure. The method was presented on the example of an actual construction project involving the construction of a complex of housing buildings. the self-organising network structure was defined on the basis of a survey carried out among the project's participants and concerned communication between them over a four-week period. As a result of the structural network analysis, abnormalities in communication between project participants were detected. The optimisation method developed by the authors pointed to possibilities of improving communication effectiveness within this network. The effects of the analysis confirmed the application potential of the method that was presented.

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Authors and Affiliations

E. Radziszewska-Zielina
G. Śladowski
E. Kania
B. Sroka
B. Szewczyk
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Abstract

Communication and information flowduring construction project execution is often discussed in the literature. Numerous scholars note the presence of problems with communication and information flow and highlight that these problems also affect construction project completion time and cost. The vast majority of studies on the impact of communication on construction project completion time and cost takes on a qualitative character and there is a lack of quantitative analyses of this subject. To address these deficiencies, the authors of this paper propose a quantitative approach to assessing communication between construction project participants in the aspect of its impact on said project’s completion time and cost. The authors used meta-network theory to model and analyse the problem, as it can fully depict the problem’s complexity. The method proposed allows for dynamic identification of key information flow paths between project participants, which determine its performance in an essential way. The proposed approach can support decision-makers in effective management of communication between a construction project’s participants, which has a positive carryover to achieving planned project goals. The method was tested on a real-world development project that featured the construction of a housing complex in Katowice, Poland.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewelina Kania
1
ORCID: ORCID
Grzegorz Śladowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bartłomiej Sroka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
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Abstract

In the literature, researchers present construction projects as temporary self-organising coalition networks, composed of specialist entities that work towards set goals. The number of parties involved in the various processes during construction causes communications relations to be exceedingly complex and to change. The environment of a construction project is dynamic and complex, and self-organising communication networks are sensitive to institutional and social change. It becomes necessary to identify situations rooted in both insufficient communication during the carrying out of a project and its excess, which generates unnecessary cost. Effective control of information flow within self-organising communication networks through its planning and monitoring by project management can contribute to achieving project goals. This paper presents a proposal of an optimisation approach (in terms of minimising communication costs) to information flow planning that accounts for various constraints, on the example of a real-world case of building a housing complex in Poland.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewelina Kania
1
ORCID: ORCID
Grzegorz Śladowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina
3
ORCID: ORCID
Bartłomiej Sroka
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bartłomiej Szewczyk
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. MSc. Eng., Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
  2. PhD. Eng., Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
  3. Prof. PhD. Eng., Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
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Abstract

Today’s fast-changing environment for construction companies requires rapid responses and adaptation of their projects. Despite the multitude of tools applied for project cost management in engineering and construction companies, there is a need to form comprehensive solutions. The purpose of the study is to form a methodological approach to project cost management in the field of engineering construction based on alternative models to diagnose the development, assessment and selection of functional areas and content of cost management in the construction project, which allows one to increase adaptability and flexibility in the process of its implementation. The basis of research methodology is modeling, which allows one to adjust the economic and financial flows based on three S-curves, one for each component of the total cost of the work: direct costs, indirect costs and reserves. These curves include the direct cost curve for the main purchasing packages as well. This brings financial flows closer to reality because it is possible to adjust the S-curves according to the behavior of each subsystem. The contribution of the study is the proposed approach of integrating concepts related to the coordination and development of project design and production management (lean construction), forming a “3D model of management”, in a broad and comprehensive management system. It assumes a comprehensive and complete way to manage civil engineering projects. The proposed methodological approach can make a significant contribution to the preparation of forecasts and estimates by planners and controllers in the context of construction projects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yang Yang
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Wanxin Xiao
2 3
Margarita Lyshenko
2
Yang Zhang
2 4

  1. Department of Construction Engineering, Xinxiang Vocational and Technical College, Xinxiang, China
  2. Faculty of Economics and Management, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
  3. Funding Center, Education Bureau of Hongqi District, Xinxiang City, China
  4. Personnel Department, Henan Expressway Monitoring Toll Communication Network Service Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou, China
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Abstract

It is often spoken and written about the use and benefits of BIM in the design, build, and exploitation phases. Based on an extensive analysis of scientific articles and practice, it has been noticed that, however, there is no comprehensive solution for the use of BIM at the stage of preparation for construction. And there is no relevant approach to the organization of construction though various software offers availability to calculate separate processes that are important for the organization of it. For example, based on the BIM model, determine the optimal place for the tower crane. But the problem is that such a local solution does not represent a comprehensive approach and does not represent apprehensive construction planning. It means, currently there is no method of planning, which will answer the questions: whether to choose a tower crane or a truck crane, where is the optimal place for unloading construction materials, considering the location of the crane, etc. Therefore, this article presents the vision and strategy of BIM development at the construction stage. The problem that should be solved now is the creation the strategy that will allow to improve the efficiency of construction works, adjusting them to the current situation in an optimal way. Therefore, the aim of the article is to combine separate ideas of BIM using in construction management as a whole and call scientists to discuss and supplement the topics of using BIM in construction management.
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Authors and Affiliations

Robertas Kontrimovic̆ius
1
ORCID: ORCID
Leonas Ustinovic̆ius
1
ORCID: ORCID
Czesław Miedziałowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mantas Vaišnoras
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Vilnius, Lithuania
  2. Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok, Poland
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Abstract

This paper investigates the fact that construction projects, due to their specificity, are complex, temporary and dynamic. Over their course, participants change, successive construction works are done and new information becomes available. This carries over to difficulties in communication. In the literature, numerous studies note the fact that a network-based approach to the analysis and monitoring of communication as a part of complex construction projects is commendable. Relations between agents, knowledge and tasks in the context of communication within a construction project can be visualized in the form of a meta-network, and suitably developed structural measures can be used to analyze them.
In this paper, the authors used meta-network theory to analyze relations between project participants, knowledge and tasks in the context of communication within a construction project, on the basis of the construction of a housing estate located in Katowice, Poland. Meta-network structural analysis allowed for a deeper understanding of these relations and the detection of essential information about the level of communication in the project under investigation, which was a basis for further discussion. The authors also stress the benefits from the approach presented and argue that it should be a starting point for effective management in the sphere of communication in construction companies.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewelina Kania
1
ORCID: ORCID
Grzegorz Śladowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elżbieta Radziszewska-Zielina
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bartłomiej Sroka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul.Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland

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