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Device for interim check of coordinate measuring machines

Rodrigo Schons Arenhart Morgana Pizzolato Fernanda Hänsch Beuren Adriano Mendonça Souza Leandro Cantorski da Rosa
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2022 | vol. 29 | No 1 | 143-158 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.138546
Keywords coordinate measuring machine device interim check
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Abstract

This paper presents a new interim check device for coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) built from an AISI 1020 carbon steel bar with the incorporation of calibrated spheres. This artifact’s construction was made to make the interim checks of machines of this type faster and cheaper. Three devices were designed based on the ISO 10360-2 standard, the good practice guide No. 42 (NPL), and prominent authors’ research on the subject. The three options are presented in detail, but only one was built due to budget, size, and adaptability restrictions. An exploratory study was conducted to verify the device’s usability in two CMMs and concluded that the differences between the measurements are not significant. However, one machine had absolute variation values and a total standard deviation higher than the other, generating a larger expanded uncertainty.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rodrigo Schons Arenhart
1
Morgana Pizzolato
1
Fernanda Hänsch Beuren
2
Adriano Mendonça Souza
3
Leandro Cantorski da Rosa
1
  1. Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Production Engineering and Systems, Roraima Avenue, 1000, Santa Maria, Brazil
  2. State University of Santa Catarina, Department of Industrial Technology, Fernando Hastreiter Street, São Bento do Sul, Brazil
  3. Federal University of Santa Maria, Statistics Department, Roraima Avenue, 1000, Santa Maria, Brazil

Parameters for CMM Contact Measurements of Free-Form Surfaces

Małgorzata Poniatowska
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2011 | No 2 | 199-208 | DOI: 10.2478/v10178-011-0003-z
Keywords coordinate measurements free-form surface geometric deviations measurement parameters
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Abstract

Obtaining discrete data is inseparably connected with losing information on surface properties. In contact measurements, the ball tip functions as a mechanical-geometrical filter. In coordinate measurements the coordinates of the measurement points of a discrete distribution on the measured surface are obtained. Surface geometric deviations are represented by a set of local deviations, i.e. deviations of measurement points from the nominal surface (the CAD model), determined in a direction normal to this surface. The results of measurements depend both on the ball tip diameter and the grid size of measurement points. This article presents findings on the influence of the ball tip diameter and the grid size on coordinate measurement results along with the experimental results of measurement of a free-form milled surface, in order to determine its local geometric deviations. One section of the surface under research was measured using different measurement parameters. The whole surface was also scanned with different parameters, observing the rule of selecting the tip diameter d and the sampling interval T in the ratio of 2:1.

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Poniatowska

Analysis of Results of Non-Contact Coordinate Measurement of a Cutting Tool Applied for Mould Machining

A. Bazan M. Magdziak B. Jamuła
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2022 | vol. 22 | No 4 | 121-127 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2022.143960
Keywords Tool wear monitoring Coordinate measuring technique Non-contact coordinate measurements Accuracy of measurements
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Abstract

One of the main problems of machining of moulds is the need for an effective monitoring system of wear of cutting tools. This paper presents the results of coordinate measurements of a cutting tool which were obtained by using the non-contact measuring system based on the ACCURA II coordinate measuring machine equipped with the LineScan laser measuring probe and the Calypso metrology software. Inves-tigations were carried out for several measurement strategies including different measurement resolutions and scanning speeds. The results of the coordinate measurements obtained by using the above-mentioned coordinate measuring system were compared to the reference data measured by means of the InfiniteFocus microscope. The measurement results were analysed by means of two software packages: Focus Inspection and Zeiss Reverse Engineering. The point clouds measured by using the LineScan probe were characterized by the selected deviation statistics equal to 4-6 μm when a good match between measurement points and the reference data was obtained. Moreover, these statistics mainly depend on the measurement resolution. The results of the performed experimental research allowed for drawing conclusions concerning the significance of the effect of the adopted measurement strategies on the results of the non-contact coordinate measurements of the selected cutting tool. The application of the non-contact coordinate measurements to the above-mentioned measurement task may contribute to the development of regeneration methods for cutting tools applied for mould manufacturing.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Bazan
1
M. Magdziak
1
B. Jamuła
1
  1. Department of Manufacturing Techniques and Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszów University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland

Improved calibration uncertainty assessment technique in coordinate metrology considering thermal influences

Meirbek Mussatayev Meifa Huang Marat Nurtas Azamat Arynov
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2021 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 609-626 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2021.137699
Keywords coordinate measuring machine coordinate metrology uncertainty quality control thermal influence
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Abstract

Reliable measurement uncertainty is a crucial part of the conformance/nonconformance decision-making process in the field of Quality Control in Manufacturing. The conventional GUM-method cannot be applied to CMM measurements primarily because of lack of an analytical relationship between the input quantities and the measurement. This paper presents calibration uncertainty analysis in commercial CMM-based Coordinate Metrology. For the case study, the hole-plate calibrated by the PTB is used as a workpiece. The paper focuses on thermo-mechanical errors which immediately affect the dimensional accuracy of manufactured parts of high-precision manufacturers. Our findings have highlighted some practical issues related to the importance of maintaining thermal equilibrium before the measurement. The authors have concluded that the thermal influence as an uncertainty contributor of CMM measurement result dominates the overall budgets for this example. The improved calibration uncertainty assessment technique considering thermal influence is described in detail for the use of a wide range of CMM users.
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Bibliography

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[31] Huang, Z., Zhao, L., Li, K., Wang, H., & Zhou, T. (2019). A sampling method based on improved firefly algorithm for profile measurement of aviation engine blade. Metrology and Measurement Systems, 26(4), 757–771. https://doi.org/10.24425/mms.2019.130565
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Authors and Affiliations

Meirbek Mussatayev
1
Meifa Huang
1
Marat Nurtas
2
Azamat Arynov
3
  1. Guilin University of Electronic Technology, School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, 1 Jinji Rd, Guilin, Guangxi, 541004, China
  2. International Information Technology University, Department of Mathematical and Computer Modelling, Kazakhstan
  3. School of Engineering at Warwick University, United Kingdom

Fitting Spatial Models of Geometric Deviations of Free-Form Surfaces Determined in Coordinate Measurements

Małgorzata Poniatowska Andrzej Werner
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2010 | No 4 | 599-610 | DOI: 10.2478/v10178-010-0049-x
Keywords geometric deviations free-form surface coordinate measurements spatial modelling spatial autocorrelation
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Abstract

Local geometric deviations of free-form surfaces are determined as normal deviations of measurement points from the nominal surface. Different sources of errors in the manufacturing process result in deviations of different character, deterministic and random. The different nature of geometric deviations may be the basis for decomposing the random and deterministic components in order to compute deterministic geometric deviations and further to introduce corrections to the processing program. Local geometric deviations constitute a spatial process. The article suggests applying the methods of spatial statistics to research on geometric deviations of free-form surfaces in order to test the existence of spatial autocorrelation. Identifying spatial correlation of measurement data proves the existence of a systematic, repetitive processing error. In such a case, the spatial modelling methods may be applied to fitting a surface regression model representing the deterministic deviations. The first step in model diagnosing is to examine the model residuals for the probability distribution and then the existence of spatial autocorrelation.

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Poniatowska
Andrzej Werner

Point-plane distance as model for uncertainty evaluation of coordinate measurement

Wojciech Płowucha
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2020 | vol. 27 | No 4 | 625-639 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2020.134843
Keywords task specific uncertainty uncertainty of coordinate measurement measurement models Type Bevaluation sensitivity analysis method
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Abstract

The paper presents a detailed theoretical background for coordinate measurement uncertainty evaluation by means of Type B evaluation method, taking into account information on accuracy of a coordinate measuring system given with the formula for maximum permissible errors of length measurement and verification test results. A proposal for evaluation of the verification test results is made. A measurement model based on the point-plane distance equation is presented. A detailed analysis of the partial derivatives (sensitivity factors in an uncertainty budget) of the measurement model is presented. The analyses of measurement uncertainty for different geometrical characteristicswere conducted using this measurement model. Examples of uncertainty evaluation for geometrical deviations are presented: position of a point related to a datum plane and flatness in the case of convex or concave surfaces. The examples include detailed uncertainty budgets.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Płowucha

A sampling method based on improved firefly algorithm for profile measurement of aviation engine blade

Zhi Huang Liao Zhao Kai Li Hongyan Wang Tao Zhou
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2019 | vol. 26 | No 4 | 757-771 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2019.130565
Keywords aviation engine blade coordinate measurement machine profile measurement improved firefly algorithm
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Abstract

Coordinate Measurement Machines (CMMs) have been extensively used in inspecting mechanical parts with higher accuracy. In order to enhance the efficiency and precision of the measurement of aviation engine blades, a sampling method of profile measurement of aviation engine blade based on the firefly algorithm is researched. Then, by comparing with the equal arc-length sampling algorithm (EAS) and the equi-parametric sampling algorithm (EPS) in one simulation, the proposed sampling algorithm shows its better sampling quality than the other two algorithms. Finally, the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by an experimental example of blade profile. Both simulated and experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can ensure the measurement accuracy by measuring a smaller number of points.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zhi Huang
Liao Zhao
Kai Li
Hongyan Wang
Tao Zhou
ORCID: ORCID

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