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Abstract

In studying contemporary transformations of social relations and family life, researchers and social theorists have been focused on the increased diversity of forms of bonding, coupling and other interpersonal connections. When single people are discussed, either it is to emphasize the disintegration of their ties and the crisis of the family, or their single life is considered as an identity choice. The aim of this text is to look at the experience of singleness not by choice among contemporary corporate employees in Poland and to try to set this experience against the background of a broader social reality, especially the reality of professional work. The text also examines the relationship between relational forms (including being single) and the social system in late capitalism. The experiences of people who are not single by choice are discussed and contrasting variants for people whose single situation is associated with low interpersonal skills and for those with an interactional proficiency are distinguished. In the conclusion, the authors are looking for patterns of connection between being unwillingly single and operating on the late capitalist labour market.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Rosińska
Marcin Gońda
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Abstract

We study the migrants' assimilation, which we conceptualize as forming human capital productive on the labor market of a developed host country, and we link the observed frequent lack of assimilation with the relative deprivation that the migrants start to feel when they move in social space towards the natives. We presume that the native population is heterogeneous and consists of high-skill and low-skill workers. The presence of assimilated migrants might shape the comparison group of the natives, influencing the relative deprivation of the low-skill workers and, in consequence, the choice to form human capital and become highly skilled. To analyse this interrelation between assimilation choices of migrants and skill formation of natives, we construct a coevolutionary model of the open-to-migration economy. Showing that the economy might end up in a non-assimilation equilibrium, we discuss welfare consequences of an assimilation policy funded from tax levied on the native population. We identify conditions under which such costly policy can bring the migrants to assimilation and at the same time increase the welfare of the natives, even though the incomes of the former take a beating.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jakub Bielawski
1
Marcin Jakubek
2

  1. Cracow University of Economics, Cracow, Poland
  2. Institute of Economics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

According to the social psychological literature, egoistic relative deprivation impairs well-being but has at most little impact on political protest and engagement. We considered this view incomplete and over-simplifying. It was predicted that egoistic relative deprivation itself may impair democracy by increasing support for populism, and that the postulated relationship will be mediated by dysphoric affect, political alienation, and political paranoia. The empirical basis of the article were three studies carried out on nationwide random-quota samples of adult Poles: in 2002 (N = 1500), in 2010 (N = 800), and in 2017 (N = 2000). It was found that support for populism systematically depends directly on dysphoric affect and political paranoia, which are strengthened by egoistic relative deprivation. In 2017, with populist political groupings in power in Poland, the role of political alienation turned out to be ambiguous. Political alienation slightly strengthened political paranoia but directly lowered support for populism. In conclusion it was noted that in Poland's history and in the contemporary Polish mentality there is a great potential for negative affect, pessimism and bitterness. Relative deprivation experienced today successfully maintains this potential.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Korzeniowski
1

  1. Polish Academy of Sciences
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Abstract

The study considers remittances as part of the lifeworlds of immigrants in multiple interactions with return intentions and communication with those left behind. This is an alternative view of the standard approach to remittances as a possible source of development or as a variable to be explained by family solidarity, investment projects or the reasons for return. The key dependent variable is the home orien-tation of immigrants as a function of remittances, return intentions and communication behaviours, measured in quantitative and typological terms. The typological analysis of home orientation diverges from the standard approach, which is in terms of high or low intensity of cross-border activities of remitting or communicating between immigrants and those they have left behind. It argues for the fact that cross-border activities combine in different ways to generate specific social types of remitting prac-tices. The remitting behaviours of migrants are, in our approach, multidimensional, encompassing eco-nomic, social and cultural content. Three hypotheses are formulated on: 1) collective deprivation in remitting money; 2) survival–development–identification strategies of migrants’ families; and 3) higher predictability of home orientation compared to economic remitting behaviours. In this context, higher predictability means greater variation of the synthetic variable of home orientation by social, cultural and economic factors as compared to the impact of the same factors on the more abstract variable of economic remittances.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dumitru Sandu
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Abstract

The effects of feeding, fasting, and re-feeding on the ruminal profile of growing cattle were studied. Ruminal fluid and urine samples were obtained from 12 crossbred steers weighing approximately 300 kg during the following periods: 11 h of normal feeding (postprandial period), 48 consecutive hours of fasting, and followed by 48 h of re-feeding. Fasting promotes changes in the ruminal profile, such as an increase in ruminal pH, reduction in the number of rumen protozoa and bacteria, and decrease in the urinary excretion of allantoin; however, it does not change the urinary uric acid excretion rate. The overall mean ruminal pH was higher during fasting (7.53±0.27) in comparison to those at normal feeding (6.72±0.25) and re-feeding (6.62±0.31) (p<0.05). During re-feeding, the ruminal profile returned to normal, except for the protozoa count, which despite a slight increase only after 48 h of re-feeding, did not recover to baseline values.
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Authors and Affiliations

E.L. Ortolani
1
C.A. Maruta
1
R.A. Barrêto Júnior
2
C.S. Mori
1
A.C. Antonelli
3
M.C.A. Sucupira
1
A.H.H. Minervino
4

  1. Department of Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo-SP, 05508-270, Brazil
  2. Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Semiarid, 59625-900, Mossoró-RN, Brazil
  3. School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Sao Francisco Valley, 56304-205, Petrolina-PE, Brazil
  4. Laboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, 68040-255 Santarém-PA, Brazil

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