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Number of results: 161
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Abstract

Semiotics is the study of how signs are interpreted as references, and names are an obvious type of sign. Semiotics may therefore be considered a useful approach to all types of name study — whether personal names, place names, commercial names, or literary names. As described by C. S. Peirce, an act of reference consists of a sign (e.g., a word, word part, road sign, emblem, or simply a finger) and a referent (e.g., an object, conceptual model, or analytic definition). Furthermore, all acts of reference reflect one or more of three basic types of relationships: 1) similarity, 2) one-to-one correspondence, and/or 3) arbitrary convention. If a sign is interpreted as similar to a referent, it functions iconically. If it is interpreted as a designation or as caused by the referent, it functions indexically. If it is interpreted as referring to two or more indexical referents, it evokes related qualities and thereby functions symbolically. The primary interpretation of names is indexical. However, the purpose of this paper is to show how names, as signs, are also interpreted iconically and symbolically, even at the same time. Different types of names will be used to illustrate these semiotic functions.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grant W. Smith
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Abstract

On the shift toward tender sensitivity – the role of relations, emotions, and empathy in design.

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Authors and Affiliations

Monika Rosińska
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Abstract

The preservation of historical documents is a task that requires a multidisciplinary team. Mechanical engineering can make valuable contributions. Historical documents made of paper have unique characteristics that must be considered for their preservation and exhibition. Specially designed encasements have emerged as a solution to meet these requirements. In the present research, a comparative design study was carried out. The study comprises identifying the main functions of the encasements. Subsequently, it is analyzed how the capsules that appear in the literature have solved these functions. With the information obtained, three new encasements were designed for historical documents in Mexico. From the results and design experiences, some insights and design principles were obtained; these can be universally applied.
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Bibliography


[1] Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia. Web page of INAH. 1 October 2020. [On line]. Available: https://www.inah.gob.mx/.
[2] G. d. México. Archivo General de la Nación. [On line]. Available: https://www.gob.mx/agn. [Last acces: 10 nov 2020].
[3] W.K. Wilson and B.W. Forshee. Preservation of documents by lamination. Washington: National Bureau of Standards, 1959.
[4] A. Bansal, V. Kumari, A. Kumar and M. Singh. Securing the future of information: digitisation and preservation of documents in e-format. DESIDOC Bulletin of Information Technology, 25(1):19–26, 2005.
[5] F. Zhao. On choosing the digital document’s file format for long-term preservation. In IEEE 3rd International Conference on Communication Software and Networks, pages 370–372, Xi’an, China, 27–27 May, 2011. doi: 10.1109/ICCSN.2011.6013850.
[6] E.F. Hansen. Protection of objects from environmental deterioration by reducing their exposure to oxygen. In: S. Maekawa, editor, Oxygen-Free Museum Cases, chapter 2, pages 7–16. The Getty Conservation Institute, 1998.
[7] N. Valentín. Preservation of historic materials by using inert gases for biodeterioration control. In S. Maekawa, editor, Oxygen-Free Museum Cases, chapter 3, pages 17–30. The Getty Conservation Institute, 1998.
[8] R.H. Allen, R.J. Fijol, S. Szykman and R.D. Sriram. Representing the charters of freedom in a design repository: A case of study. In Proceedings of DETC 2001 ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, pages 593–599. Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 9-12 September, 2001. doi: 10.1115/DETC2001/CIE-21292.
[9] N. Stolow. Conservation and Exhibitions: Packing, Transport, Storage, and Environmental Considerations. Butterworth-Heinemann, London, 1987.
[10] N.Y. Iskander. Controlled-environment cases for the Royal Mummy Collection. In: S. Maekawa, editor, Oxygen-Free Museum Cases, chapter 5, pages 47–52. The Getty Conservation Institute, 1998.
[11] H. Kishan and S. Maekawa. Preservation of the original documents of the Constitution of India. In: S. Maekawa, editor, Oxygen-Free Museum Cases, chapter 6, pages 53–58. The Getty Conservation Institute, 1998.
[12] F.G. France and M. Toth. The Waldseemüller Map – A gift of Germany to the world. The Cartographic Journal, 50(3):286–292, 2013. doi: 10.1179/1743277413Y.0000000060.
[13] M.J. French and A.C. Ramirez-Reivich. Towards a comparative study of quarter-turn pneumatic valve actuators. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 210(6):543–552, 1996. doi: 10.1243/PIME_PROC_1996_210_153_02.
[14] G. Pahl, W. Beitz, J. Feldhusen and K.-H. Grote. Engineering Design. A Systematic Approach, 3rd edition. Springer, 2007.
[15] R.B. Stone and K.L.Wood. Development of a functional basis for design. Journal of Mechanical Design, 122(4):359–370, 2000. doi: 10.1115/1.1289637.
[16] B. Tyl, J. Legardeur, D. Millet, and F. Vallet. A comparative study of ideation mechanisms used in eco-innovation tools. Journal of Engineering Design, 25(10-12):325–345, 2014. doi: 10.1080/09544828.2014.992772.
[17] C.A. Mattson and A.E. Wood. Nine principles for design for the developing world as derived from the engineering literature. Journal of Mechanical Design, 135(12):121403, 2014. doi: 10.1115/1.4027984.
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Authors and Affiliations

Alejandro C. Ramirez-Reivich
1
Ma. Pilar Corona-Lira
1
Diego A. Zamora-Garcia
1
Anahí Velazquez-Silva
1
Vicente Borja
1

  1. School of Engineering, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Abstract

The text attempts to show the forgotten beauty in architecture. It seems, that the “drawn” architecture can reveal more than the real — built one. The avant-garde of the early 20th century killed in art the need to strive for beauty. Novelty and contemporarily advertising form of architecture are becoming the most important. However, the problem of beauty seems to be still interesting in art. Architecture is slowly departing from the functionalist way of creating, yet it cannot return to the beauty, that once was so important. It is the drawn one, carrying the message of unreality, that makes it possible to return to the forgotten approach to creation. Architects’ drawings can bring back a visionary and idealistic message.

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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Kozłowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

This article will focus on an analytical framework as a research tool in design disciplines. Key problem for an analytical framework in landscape architecture is how to deal with the dynamics of landscape form, design and use in the design process.

We start with a short overview will be given of analytical frameworks. In the second part some generic principles of analytical frameworks will be applied in three case studies of 19th century public parks. The third part will focus on how results of such an analysis can be used for the future and how results of peopleenvironment studies can be part of that.

One of the conclusions is, that people-environment studies can play a role before, during and after the design process. In most cases results of people-environment studies cannot be applied directly but rather as part of an iterative process of research and design.

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Authors and Affiliations

Martin Van Den Toorn
Marina Bihunova
Iva Rechner Dika
Atilla Tóth
Nevena Vasiljevic
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Abstract

Designer drugs cause irreversible changes in the brain and put those who take them at an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. They can also affect one’s genetic material, says Prof. Krystyna Gołembiowska from the PAS Institute of Pharmacology.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Gołembiowska
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Abstract

This paper studies the influence of different cooling technologies on the power density of a traction machine for heavy-duty distribution transport. A prototype induction machine is built with a housing cooling jacket, potted end-windings, entire winding cooling, and shaft cooling. Electromagnetic finite element and thermal lumped-parameter models are parameterized and verified using test bench measurements. The influence of each thermal resistance along the heat paths is studied and discussed. The results are used for studying different cooling technologies. The results indicate an improvement of the continuous power density up to 108% using shaft cooling and up to 15.6% using entire winding cooling.
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Authors and Affiliations

Benedikt Groschup
1
ORCID: ORCID
Daniel Butterweck
1
Kay Hameyer
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Electrical Machines (IEM), RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstraße 4, 52062 Aachen, Germany
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Abstract

This paper is dedicated to Voivodship Park of Culture and Recreation in Chorzów (Silesia Park) – one of the biggest of its kind in Poland and in Europe (ca. 600 ha of total area). Construction of the Park had begun in 1954 according to the design under the direction of prof. Władysław Niemirski. After many years it became an example of successful land remediation and re-naturalization of anthropogenic landscape. The whole facility though formally created in socrealism style, actually represents classical modernism’s features inspired probably by American parks with a rich recreation program.

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Authors and Affiliations

Beata Fortuna-Antoszkiewicz
Jan Łukaszkiewicz
Piotr Wiśniewski
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Abstract

Like other harbour cities in Europe, Lisbon has an axial development anchored in pre-existing confi gurations which dot from east, more industrial areas, to the west, a more monumental and urban type. The diversity of fabrics and the overlapping of various time layers become decoded through a functional specialization infrastructural line, which, from rural, becomes increasingly infrastructured as part of the on-going reinvention of the city of Lisbon.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sofia Morgado
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Abstract

Green spaces are an integral element of urban structures. They are not only a place of rest for their users, but also positively affect their well-being and health. The eff ect of these spaces, is the better, the smoother they create larger urban layout – stings of greenery. The introduction of urban greenery can and should be one of the basic elements of revitalization. Often, however, greenery is designed without multi-aspect analysis, enabling understanding of conditions and the use of existing potential in a given place. The use of computational design in conjunction with the use of generally available databases, such as numerical SRTM terrain models, publicly available OSM map database and EPW meteorological data, allows for the design of space in a more comprehensive way. These design methods allow better matching of the greenery design in a given area to specific architectural, urban and environmental conditions.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lucyna Nyka
Jan Cudzik
Kacper Radziszewski
Dominik Sędzicki
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Abstract

The article presents measures related to intervention in the structure of the town, resulting from a crisis situation caused by a pandemic. This is an attempt to develop a recovery plan for the surroundings of the out- patient clinic in Wieliczka and a method of designing within a short space of time that address a wide range of problems, not only those resulting directly from the effects of the pandemic.
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Bibliography

CURA Connected Units for Respiratory Ailments (2020), [online] https://curapods.org/?utm_medium=website&utm_source=archdaily.com, (accessed: 01.07.2021).
Harrouk, Ch. (2020), Stefano Boeri Develops Concepts and Pavilions for the Italian Anti-Covid-19 Vaccination Campaign, [online] https://www.archdaily.com/953236/stefano-boeri-develops-concepts-and-pavilions-for-the-italian-anti-covid-19-vaccination-campaign, (accessed: 01.07.2021).
Komisja Europejska (2014), Wytyczne. Opracowanie i wdrożenie planu zrównoważonej mobilności miejskiej, Bruksela.
Nosal, K. (2016), ‘Zasady tworzenia planów mobilności dla obiektów i obszarów generujących duże potoki ruchu’, Transport Miejski i Regionalny, 2/2016.
Opracowanie autorskie (2021), „Badania studialne dotyczące możliwości lokalizacji parkingu oraz drogi dojazdowej dla przychodni przy ulicy Szpunara w Wieliczce” przeprowadzone w ramach umowy nr A-06/65/2021/P zawiązanej pomiędzy Gminą i Miastem Wieliczka a Politechniką Krakowską im. Tadeusza Kościuszki.
Pintos, P. (2020), Seoul City Architectural Ideas Competition: Preparing for the Post COVID-19 Era, [online] https://www.archdaily.com/949088/seoul-city-architectural-ideas-competition-preparing-for-the-post-covid-19-era (accessed: 01.07.2021).
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Kozień-Woźniak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Żuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Eliza Owczarek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Gierbienis
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mikołaj Kusior
2
Aleksandra Faron
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture
  2. student, Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture
  3. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering
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Abstract

The design of neonatal intensive care units (NICU) influences both patient safety and clinical outcomes as well as the acoustic conditions. In NICU exposure to sound pressure levels above the recommended can affect both neonates and healthcare staff.
This study aimed to evaluate the sound pressure levels and to assess noise perception of professionals in a NICU before and after structural modifications and layout redesign.
The measurements were performed with a sound level meter. A questionnaire was given to staff before and after the intervention. The opinion of healthcare staff regarding noise in NICU was better after the intervention, when compared with the responses previously given.
The results showed that noise levels were excessive in the NICU (before and after), exceeding the international recommendations, with the levels ranging between 46.6 dBA to 57.8 dBA before and 52.0 dBA to 54.0 dBA after intervention. Overall, there is a need for more research in order to verify the effectiveness of some actions and strategies to reduce the impact of noise in NICU.
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Bibliography

1. Ahamed M.F., Campbell D., Horan S., Rosen O. (2017), Noise reduction in the neonatal intensive care unit: a quality improvement initiative, American Journal of Medical Quality, 33(2): 177–184, doi: 10.1177/1062860617711563.
2. American Academy of Pediatrics: Committee on Environmental Health (1997), Noise: a hazard for the fetus and newborn, Pediatrics, 100(4): 724–727, doi: 10.1542/peds.100.4.724.
3. Basner M. et al. (2014), Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health, The Lancet, 383(9925): 1325– 1332, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61613-X.
4. Berglund B., Lindvall T., Schwela H.D. (1999), Guidelines for community noise, [in:] Guidelines for Community Noise, retrieved on July 22, 2017, from http://www.who.int/docstore/peh/noise/guidelines2.html.
5. Carvalhais C., da Silva M.V., Xavier A., Santos J. (2019), Good practices to reduce noise levels in the neonatal intensive care unit, [in:] Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, P.M. Arezes et al. [Eds], Vol. 202, pp. 297–302, Springer, Cham, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-14730-3_32.
6. Carvalhais C., Santos J., Vieira da Silva M., Xavier A. (2015), Is there sufficient training of healthcare staff on noise reduction in neonatal intensive care units? A pilot study from NeoNoise Project, Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 78(13– 14): 897–903, doi: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1051204.
7. Carvalhais C., Silva M., Xavier A., Santos J. (2017), Newborns safety at neonatal intensive care units: are they exposed to excessive noise during routine health care procedures?, Global Environment Health and Safety, 1(1): 1–3.
8. Domanico R., Davis D.K., Coleman F., Davis B.O. (2011), Documenting the NICU design dilemma: comparative patient progress in open-ward and single family room units, Journal of Perinatology: Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association, 31(4): 281– 288, doi: 10.1038/jp.2010.120.
9. Gray L., Philbin M.K. (2000), Measuring sound in hospital nurseries, Journal of Perinatology, 20(8 Pt 2): S100–S104, doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7200440.
10. Joshi R., Straaten H., van Mortel H., van de Long X., Andriessen P., van Pul C. (2018), Does the architectural layout of a NICU affect alarm pressure? A comparative clinical audit of a single-family room and an open bay area NICU using a retrospective study design, BMJ Open, 8(6): e022813, doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022813.
11. Kellam B., Bhatia J. (2008), Sound spectral analysis in the intensive care nursery: measuring highfrequency sound, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 23(4): 317–323, doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2007.09.009.
12. Kent W.T., Tan A.W., Clarke M.C., Bardell T. (2002), Excessive noise levels in the neonatal ICU: potential effects on auditory system development, The Journal of Otolaryngology, 31(6): 355–360, doi: 10.2310/7070.2002.34358.
13. Kol E., Aydin P., Dursun O. (2015), The effectiveness of environmental strategies on noise reduction in a pediatric intensive care unit: Creation of singlepatient bedrooms and reducing noise sources, Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing, 20(3); 210–217, doi: 10.1111/jspn.12116.
14. Krueger C., Schue S., Parker L. (2007), Neonatal intensive care unit sound levels before and after structural reconstruction, MCN The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 32(6), 358–362, doi: 10.1097/01.NMC.0000298131.55032.76.
15. Lahav A. (2015), Questionable sound exposure outside of the womb: Frequency analysis of environmental noise in the neonatal intensive care unit, Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, 104(1): e14–e19, doi: 10.1111/apa.12816.
16. Lester B.M. et al. (2014), Single-family room care and neurobehavioral and medical outcomes in preterm infants, Pediatrics, 134(4): 754–760, doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-4252.
17. Livera M.D. et al. (2008), Spectral analysis of noise in the neonatal intensive care unit, The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 75(3): 217–222, doi: 10.1007/s12098-008-0048-z.
18. Meredith J.L., Jnah A., Newberry D. (2017), The NICU Environment: Infusing Single-Family Room Benefits into the Open-Bay Setting, Neonatal Network, 36(2): 69–76, doi: 10.1891/0730-0832.36.2.69.
19. Parra J., de Suremain A., Berne Audeoud F., Ego A., Debillon T. (2017), Sound levels in a neonatal intensive care unit significantly exceeded recommendations, especially inside incubators, Acta Paediatrica, 106(12): 1909–1914, doi: 10.1111/apa.13906.
20. Philbin M.K. (2004), Planning the acoustic environment of neonatal intensive care units, Clinical Perinatology, 31(2): 331–352, doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2004.04.014.
21. Philbin M.K., Gray L. (2002), Changing levels of quiet in an intensive care nursery, Journal of Perinatology , 22(6): 455–460, doi: 10.1038/sj.jp.7210756.
22. Ramm K., Mannix T., Parry Y., Gaffney M.P.C. (2017), A comparison of sound levels in open plan versus pods in a neonatal intensive care unit, Health Environments Research and Design Journal, 10(3): 30–39, doi: 10.1177/1937586716668636.
23. Robertson A., Kohn J., Vos P., Cooper-Peel C. (1998), Establishing a noise measurement protocol for neonatal intensive care units, Journal of Perinatology, 18(2): 126–130, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9605303.
24. Romeu J., Cotrina L., Perapoch J., Linés M. (2016), Assessment of environmental noise and its effect on neonates in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Applied Acoustics, 111: 161–169, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.04.014.
25. Santos J., Carvalhais C., Xavier A., Silva M.V. (2018), Assessment and characterization of sound pressure levels in Portuguese neonatal intensive care units, Archives of Environmental and Occupational Health, 73(2): 121–127, doi: 10.1080/19338244.2017.1304883.
26. Smith S.W., Ortmann A.J., Clark W.W. (2018), Noise in the neonatal intensive care unit: a new approach to examining acoustic events, Noise & Health, 20(95): 121–130, doi: 10.4103/nah.NAH_53_17.
27. Szymczak S.E., Shellhaas R.A. (2014), Impact of NICU design on environmental noise, Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 20(2): 77–81, doi: 10.1016/j.jnn.2013.07.003.
28. United States Environmental Protection Agency (1974), Information on Levels of Environmental Noise Requisite to Protect Public Health and Welfare with an Adequate Margin of Safety (EPA/ONAC 550/9-74- 004).
29. Wachman E.M., Lahav A. (2011), The effects of noise on preterm infants in the NICU, Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 96(4): F305–F309, doi: 10.1136/adc.2009.182014.
30. Wiese C.H., Wang L.M., Ronsse L.M. (2009), Comparison of noise levels between four hospital wings with different material treatments, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 126(4): 2217, doi: 10.1121/1.3248811.
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Authors and Affiliations

Carlos Carvalhais
1 2
Célia Rodrigues
3
Ana Xavier
1
Manuela V. Silva
1
Joana Santos
1 4 5

  1. Scientific Area of Environmental Health, Health and Environment Research Center (CISA), School of Health of Polytechnic Institute of Porto (ESS P.Porto), Porto, Portugal
  2. Epidemiology Research Unit (EPIUnit), Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
  3. PROA/LABIOMEP, Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
  4. Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics (INEGI/LAETA), Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
  5. Center for Rehabilitation Research (CIR), School of Health of Polytechnic Institute of Porto (ESS P.Porto), Porto, Portugal
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Abstract

The paper deals with the design of equipment for verification and calibration of axle and crane weighing instruments. In its introduction, it discusses the basic concepts of axle and crane weighing instruments, their calibration, and verification. The paper briefly describes the original technical design solution used in the calibration and verification of these weighing instruments. Subsequently, the article describes the legislative, technical and functional requirements for metrological equipment being developed. The paper presents two design solutions for handling calibration weights. In both solutions, the construction and individual functional parts of the equipment are described. Both of these solutions were designed and tested in practical measurements in the Laboratory for Testing ofWeighing Instruments of the Slovak Legal Metrology n.o. Finally, the paper presents the results of the development of a new measuring system at the University of Žilina.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomas Gajdosik
1
Lubos Kucera
1
Igor Gajdac
1
Anton Fric
2
Jaromir Markovic
2

  1. University of Žilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Design and Mechanical Elements, Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
  2. Slovak Legal Metrology, Hviezdoslavova 1124/31, 974 01 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
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Abstract

In this paper, quanizted multisine inputs for a maneuver with simultaneous elevator, aileron and rudder deflections are presented. The inputs were designed for 9 quantization levels. A nonlinear aircraft model was exited with the designed inputs and its stability and control derivatives were identified. Time domain output error method with maximum likelihood principle and a linear aircraft model were used to perform parameter estimation. Visual match and relative standard deviations of the estimates were used to validate the results for each quantization level for clean signals and signals with measurement noise present in the data. The noise was included into both output and input signals. It was shown that it is possible to obtain accurate results when simultaneous flight controls deflections are quantized and noise is present in the data.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Lichota
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Abstract

The knowledge of performance characteristics of turbine stage groups is still insufficient, particularly in the general case of changes of operating conditions. This situation is caused mainly by the scarcity of experimental data available. In such case, the opportunity to obtain the required data, using mathematical modelling and numerical simulation of the operation of stage groups under off-design conditions instead of physical experiment, seems to be attractive. The application of this idea for impulse type turbine stage groups was presented in [I], [2]. Here we discuss similar results but obtained for reaction type turbine stage groups, that is: - mathematical model for computer simulation of operation of reaction type turbine stage group, under variable regime (based on Ainley's and Mathieson's method with some improvements); - simulation results for a number of stage groups designed according to former BBC and traditional concepts; - more general properties of these groups (in relation to flow capacity and efficiency) obtained from the analysis of simulation data; - comparison of observed properties of impulse and reaction typy turbine stage groups.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Miller
Janusz Lewandowski
Zofia Trzcińska
Kamal Ahmad Abed
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Abstract

The contemporary underground mining of raw minerals is more and more associated with geological and mining software packages which support the work of designers from the moment of the exploration of a deposit, determination of its size and quality, geological, hydrogeological and tectonic conditions, by planning the development and cutting of the deposit. Production planning is one of the most important activities carried out in the course of a mining project, because it allows to set specific production results of a mine in relation to a time unit, and then allows for a verification of the degree of completion of the assumed plan. At present, computer-aided design is applicable to daily or long-term output planning taking deposit, qualitative, quantitative and cost constraints into account. In the article, selected forms of ore deposits were presented. On the basis of several dozen boreholes up to 300m in length, an exemplary fragment of the ore cutting model using computer-aided design of mining works was presented. By using modern computer software - ABB MineScape with modular construction, the possibilities of improving the process of development of future exploitation areas have been determined. In particular, the arrangement of boreholes, based on which ones the cross sections were made with, present the exemplary lithostratigraphic thickness of layers, including the location of discontinuous deformations in the form of faults, and an ore bearing zone. For the block model, resources with priority for metal N o. 1 and 2 were calculated. I n the last section of the article, the cutting idea for a shallow ore deposit has been presented. The degree of effective use of the deposit has been analysed for the room and pillar mining method.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Skrzypkowski
Waldemar Korzeniowski
Andrzej Gądek
Radosław Misiak
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Abstract

In the Act on Revitalization of 9 October 2015, for the first time in Poland, the legal act introduced the necessity to apply the principles of universal design (Article 3 paragraph 2 point 3). The practice of investment processes in crisis areas shows that the requirements set out in the Act are not properly implemented. Regeneration processes require attention to improve the quality of life of residents. The article presents issues related to the implementation of universal design principles during revitalization processes. There is a noticeable lack of interest in this issue despite the fact that it is one of the three tasks set before local governments in the Revitalization Act, after social participation and support for people at risk of exclusion in the area of housing. The reasons for this state should be seen in a small knowledge of the issue, deficiencies in the educational process of designers and poor control on the part of local governments and central authorities. This is due to conservation conditions, which often misinterpret the right to protect cultural heritage. The self-government as its own task should guarantee the possibility of using the positive effects of the revitalization process, in particular the implementation of residents’ rights to an independent and dignifi ed life, which is required by the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Wysocki
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Abstract

Inflation targeting is nowadays used by around 40 countries, with each of them tailoring some features of the strategy to its own needs. This holdse specially for deciding on the level of inflation targets. The analysis conducted in the paper aims at identifying factors affecting the choice of the target levels, with macroeconomic, structural and institutional characteristics of the reviewed economies being investigated. The main conclusion is that both backward- and forward-looking models can help to explain how inflation targets are set. Evidently inflation and GDP growth (past and forecast) together within formation on a possibly on going disinflation process are of key importance,but – especially for emerging market economies – also inflation variance and the level of economic development seem to influence the target levels. Moreover,many of the institutional features related, among others, to transparency and accountability of the reviewed central banks, were found significant in the analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Niedźwiedzińska
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Abstract

A new 4-D dynamical system exhibiting chaos is introduced in this work. The proposed nonlinear plant with chaos has an unstable rest point and a line of rest points. Thus, the new nonlinear plant exhibits hidden attractors. A detailed dynamic analysis of the new nonlinear plant using bifurcation diagrams is described. Synchronization result of the new nonlinear plant with itself is achieved using Integral Sliding Mode Control (ISMC). Finally, a circuit model using MultiSim of the new 4-D nonlinear plant with chaos is carried out for practical use.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sundarapandian Vaidyanathan
Aceng Sambas
Sen Zhang
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Abstract

Architecture changes the environment. This process generates permanent, long-term effects and limits future development. The paper presents the impact of model methodology on the ability to predict the consequences of architectural designs and realizations. The categories of threats and model simulation strategies were ordered. The significance of the digital breakthrough in modeling is outlined in historical perspective and opportunities the paradigm shift creates are characterized.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Słyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture
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Abstract

The reminiscences about prof. Tadeusz Bartkowicz focus on the figure of the significant founder of the Kraków school of urban design and spatial planning as well as environment protection. The synthetic presentation of his considerable accomplishments in this field has been based on the review of his scientific and urban planning work, personal contacts with Professor and the works of other scholars, friends and students.

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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Węcławowicz-Bilska
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Abstract

In the paper, an effective way to design asymmetrical optics for a uniform vertical surface illumination was presented. Assessment of the obtained distribution of luminance (illuminance) on the illuminated surface is done almost at the same time as designing the optical system elements. Advantage of the final application of the presented method in 3D will be independence from the implementation of time-consuming simulations in order to verify the already designed optics. Understanding the method and its application is simple and intuitive. Observing the luminance distribution, created on the illuminated surface almost at the same time as its design, allows to see the effect of adding the next elements of the optical system on this distribution.

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Authors and Affiliations

K. Kubiak
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

A series of steps taken to determine a kinetic equation that describes hydrogenation of propene on nickel catalyst is presented in this study. Mixed factorial design approach, belongs to designing of experiments methods was used to plane experiments. The investigations showed that the method applied makes possible determination of the kinetic equation in a relatively fast and cheap manner since only a few measurement points is required. The equation obtained was verified experimentally and statistically. Both tests showed satisfactory precision of anticipated values of the process rate.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Adrian Szałek
1
Mirosław Szukiewicz
1
Elżbieta Chmiel-Szukiewicz
1

  1. Rzeszów University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, al. Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Abstract

This study aims to explore the effects of age across adult groups on selected aspects of language learning. To achieve the aim, a study was conducted at the Open University of University of Warsaw. It focuses on reasons for taking up learning, relative importance of individual skills, major difficulties, individual goals, emotions and self-assessed ability to learn. The assumption that adults represent a single age group is questioned and the results are interpreted in terms of practical implications for course design.

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Authors and Affiliations

Agata Klimczak-Pawlak
Sylwia Kossakowska-Pisarek

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