The article is based mainly on the Pontifical Biblical Commission's document Interpretation of the Bible in the Church (1993), but it also refers to The Jewish Peopleand his Holy Scriptures in the Christian Bible (2001). The first part of the article deals with an outline of the history of OT Exegesis, particularly the common heritage of Samaritan, Jewish and Christian faith. The second part describes modern methods and approaches of biblical enquiry.