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Method of convective velocity determination from dissipative range of energy spectrum

Tomasz Kurasiński Czesław Kuncewicz Jacek Stelmach

Chemical and Process Engineering | 2012 | No 1 March | 19-29 | DOI: 10.2478/v10176-012-0002-5

Keywords Turbulent flow dissipative range eddies

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Abstract

In the study a new proposal of convective velocity determination necessary for eddy size determination from the dissipative range in a turbulent flow in a mixer was made. The proposed quantity depends on all the mean and fluctuating velocity components. By applying convective velocity one may determine the distribution of time and linear Taylor microscale in a stirred vessel.

Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Kurasiński

Czesław Kuncewicz

Jacek Stelmach

Influence of Geometric Structure, Convection, and Eddy on Sound Propagation in Acoustic Metamaterials with Turbulent Flow

Myong Chol Pak Kwang-Il Kim Hak Chol Pak Kwon Ryong Hong

Archives of Acoustics | 2021 | vol. 46 | No 4 | 637-647 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2021.139640

Keywords acoustic metamaterial turbulent flow sound transmission loss eddy transportation

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Abstract

The problem of reducing noise in transportation is an important research field to prevent accidents and to provide a civilised environment for people. A material that has recently attracted attention in research to reduce noise is acoustic metamaterial, and most of the research projects so far have been limited to the case of static media without flow. We have studied the sound transmission properties of the acoustic metamaterials with turbulent flow to develop the acoustic metamaterials that are used in transportation. In this paper, the effects of geometrical structure, convection, and eddy on sound propagation in the acoustic metamaterials with turbulent flow are investigated, and the relationships between them are analysed. The effects of convection and eddy reduce the resonant strength of the sound transmission loss resulting from the unique geometry of the acoustic metamaterials, but move the resonant frequencies to opposite directions. In addition, when the convective effect and the eddy effect of the airflow, as well as the intrinsic interaction effect generated from the unique geometrical structure of the acoustic metamaterials cannot be ignored, they exhibit competition phenomena with each other, resulting in a widening of the resonance peak. As a result, these three effects cause the shift of the resonance frequency of the sound transmission loss and the widening of the resonance peak. The results of this study show that even in the case of turbulent flow, the metamaterials can be used for transportation by properly controlling its geometric size and shape.

Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Myong Chol Pak

1

Kwang-Il Kim

1

Hak Chol Pak

1

Kwon Ryong Hong

2

Department of Physics, Kim Il Sung University, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Institute of Natural Sciences, Kim Il Sung University, Taesong District, Pyongyang, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea

Hard magnetic material measurements in a pulsed field magnetometer considering coating and eddy current effects

Alexander Kern Nora Leuning Kay Hameyer

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 72 | No 2 | 407-414 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2023.145416

Keywords eddy current effects hard magnetic materials magnetic property measurement

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Abstract

Rare-earth permanent magnets are coated in order to avoid corrosion. When considering the rated geometrical properties of a sample, the coating thickness has to be known precisely as it wrongly enlarges the magnetically active volume which in turn affects the accuracy of the measured magnetic properties. In this work, the sensitivity of hard magnetic material property measurements regarding the consideration of different coating thicknesses is evaluated. Moreover, the impact of eddy current effects on the magnetic properties is studied when measuring in an open circuit. Additionally, an outlook for a measurement-based determination of the electric conductivity of permanent magnet samples is given.

Authors and Affiliations

Alexander Kern

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Nora Leuning

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Kay Hameyer

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Institute of Electrical Machines (IEM), RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstr. 4, D-52062 Aachen, Germany

Large Eddy Simulation of turbulent flow and heat transfer in a Kenics static mixer

Halina Murasiewicz Barbara Zakrzewska

Chemical and Process Engineering | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 1 | 87-99 | DOI: 10.24425/cpe.2019.126103

Keywords heat transfer turbulent flow Large Eddy Simulation CFD static mixer

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Abstract

CFD modelling of momentum and heat transfer using the Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach has been presented for a Kenics static mixer. The simulations were performed with the commercial code ANSYS Fluent 15 for turbulent flow of three values of Reynolds number, Re = 5 000, 10 000 and 18 000. The numerical modelling began in the RANS model, where standard k−ε turbulence model and wall functions were used. Then the LES iterations started from the initial velocity and temperature fields obtained in RANS. In LES, the Smagorinsky–Lilly model was used for the sub-grid scale fluctuations along with wall functions for prediction of flow and heat transfer in the near-wall region. The performed numerical study in a Kenics static mixer resulted in highly fluctuating fields of both velocity and temperature. Simulation results were presented and analysed in the form of velocity and temperature contours. In addition, the surface-averaged heat transfer coefficient values for the whole insert length were computed and compared with the literature experimental data. Good compliance of the LES simulation results with the experimental correlation was obtained.

Authors and Affiliations

Halina Murasiewicz

Barbara Zakrzewska

Influence of the number of turns on the performance of permanent magnet synchronous motor

H. Qiu Y. Zhang C. Yang R. Yi

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2020 | 68 | No. 3 | 429-436 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.133375

Keywords eddy current density losses PMSM the number of turns temperature field

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Abstract

The current passed by the stator coil of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) provides rotating magnetic field, and the number of turns will directly affect the performance of PMSM. In order to analyze its influence on the PMSM performance, a 3 kW, 1500 r/min PMSM is taken as an example, and the 2D transient electromagnetic field model is established. The correctness of the model is verified by comparing the experimental data and calculated data. Firstly, the finite element method (FEM) is used to calculate the electromagnetic field of the PMSM. The performance parameters of the PMSM are obtained. On this basis, the influence of the number of turns on PMSM performance is quantitatively analyzed, including current, no-load back electromotive force (EMF), overload capacity and torque. In addition, the influence of the number of turns on eddy current loss is further studied, and its variation rule is obtained, and the variation mechanism of eddy current loss is revealed. Finally, the temperature field of the PMSM is analyzed by the coupling method of electromagnetic field and temperature field, and the temperature rise law of PMSM is obtained. The analysis of this paper provides reference and practical value for the optimization design of PMSM.

Authors and Affiliations

H. Qiu

Y. Zhang

C. Yang

R. Yi

Homogenization of foil windings with globally supported polynomial shape functions

Jonas Bundschuh Yvonne Späck-Leigsnering Herbert De Gersem

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2024 | vol. 73 | No 1 | 77-85 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2024.148858

Keywords eddy currents finite element method foil windings homogenization inductor transformer

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Abstract

In conventional finite element simulations, foil windings with thin foils and with a large number of turns require many mesh elements. This renders models quickly computationally infeasible. This paper uses a homogenized foil winding model and approximates the voltage distribution in the foil winding domain by globally supported polynomials. This way, the small-scale structure in the foil winding domain does not have to be resolved by the finite element mesh. The method is validated successfully for a stand-alone foil winding example and for a pot inductor example. Moreover, a transformer equipped with a foil winding at its primary side is simulated using a field-circuit coupled model.

Authors and Affiliations

Jonas Bundschuh

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Yvonne Späck-Leigsnering

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Herbert De Gersem

1 2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Institute for Accelerator Science and Electromagnetic Fields (TEMF) Technical University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstraße 8, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
Graduate School of Excellence Computational Engineering Technical University of Darmstadt Dolivostraße 15, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany

Implementation of turbulence damping in the OpenFOAM multiphase flow solver interFoam

Jiri Polansky Sonja Schmelter

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 1 | 21-43 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2022.140923

Keywords Multiphase flow Stratified flow Turbulence damping Computational fluid dynamics OpenFOAM Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes Detached eddy simulation Delayed detached eddy simulation

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Abstract

In the presented work Egorov’s approach (adding a source term to the ω-equation in the k-! model, which mimics the damping of turbulence close to a solid wall) was implemented in on the subclass of shear stress transport models. Hence, turbulence damping is available for all shear stress transport type models, including hybrid models that are based on the ω-equation. It is shown that turbulence damping improves the prediction of the axial velocity profile not only for Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulation but also for detached eddy simulation and delayed detached eddy simulation models. Furthermore, it leads to a more realistic estimation of the pressure drop and, hence, to a more correct prediction of the liquid level. In this paper, simulation results for four different turbulence models are presented and validated by comparison with experimental data. Furthermore, the influence of the magnitude of the damping factor on the pressure drop in the channel is investigated for a variety of different gas-to-liquid flow rate ratios. These investigations show that higher gas-to-liquid flow rate ratios require higher damping factors to correctly predict the pressure drop. In the end, advice is formulated on how an appropriate damping factor can be determined for a specific test case.

Bibliography

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[5] Frederix E.M.A., Mathur A., Dovizio D., Geurts B.J., Komen E.M.J.: Reynolds-averaged modeling of turbulence damping near a large-scale interface in two-phase flow. Nucl. Eng. Design 333(2018), 122–130.
[6] Höhne T., Vallée C.: Modelling of stratified two phase flows using an interfacial area density model. In: Proc. Multiphase Flow 2009, 5th Int. Conf. on Computational and Experimental Methods in Multiphase and Complex Flow, New Forest, 15-17 June, 2009, 123–133.
[7] Höhne T., Mehlhoop J.-P.: Validation of closure models for interfacial drag and turbulence in numerical simulations of horizontal stratified gas–liquid flows. Int. J. Multiphas. Flow 62(2014), 1–16.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jiri Polansky

1

Sonja Schmelter

2

Czech Technical University in Prague, Jugoslávských partyzánu 1580/3, 160 00 Prague 6 – Dejvice, Czech Republic
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Abbestraße 2-12, D-10587 Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany

The Effect of Cold Eddy on Acoustic Propagation (Case Study: Eddy in the Persian Gulf)

Omid Mahpeykar Amir Ashtari Larki Mohammad Akbari Nasab

Archives of Acoustics | 2022 | vol. 47 | No 3 | 413-423 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2022.142015

Keywords Persian Gulf cold eddy transmission loss (TL) acoustic propagation BELLHOP model

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Abstract

It is essential for oceanographers to study the effects of marine phenomena such as currents, surface mixed layer, eddies, internal waves, and other ocean features on acoustic propagation, as most marine measurement equipment operates on this basis, like sonar. The eddy impact on acoustic transmission in the marine environment is very significant because changes in temperature and salinity disrupt the sound speed due to the presence of eddy, thus the acoustic propagation in the sea. Although cold eddies are in the Persian Gulf widely, one eddy is selected to study their impacts on acoustic propagation because they have similar properties in terms of temperature and salinity. In this research, after identifying eddies in the Persian Gulf automatically, the effect of a cold eddy on acoustic propagation was investigated at different depths using the BELLHOP model. Most eddies are cyclonic with 5–10 km of radius based on algorithm outputs. Studies on the lifespan of eddies showed that the occurrence of cyclonic eddies with a lifespan of more than three days is more than anticyclonic ones. Examination of the eddy effect on acoustic propagation showed that the transmission loss (TL) during the progress of the acoustic wave across the eddy increases with increasing the depth of the sound source. Also, the presence of cold eddy compared to the conditions it does not exist increases the transmission loss. The study of three-dimensional acoustic propagation also confirmed the obtained results in two-dimensional mode and clearly showed the role of cold eddy in increasing the TL.

Authors and Affiliations

Omid Mahpeykar

1

Amir Ashtari Larki

1

Mohammad Akbari Nasab

2

Department of Physical Oceanography, Faculty of Marine Science and Oceanography, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Khorramshahr, Iran
Department of Marine Physics, Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

Design and Numerical Simulation of the Performance of Acoustic Plenum Chamber of a Marine Gas Turbine Air Supply System

Mehrdad Rasoulimoghadam Saeid Kheradmand

Archives of Acoustics | 2019 | vol. 44 | No 4 | 793-806 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2019.129734

Keywords aeroacoustics large eddy simulation Lighthill analysis Ffowcs Williams model Hawkings model propagation of wave in duct

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Abstract

In the present work, an approach to obtain a design method for the size of the plenum chamber cross-section of a marine gas turbine air supply system has been investigated. Flow in ducts makes noise which is very high in the turbine inlet part because of the large amount of flow. Therefore, this phenomenon should be considered in the design process. A suitable approach to design the duct is proposed (considering acoustic and aerodynamic performance at the same time). In this method, an air supply channel system of the marine gas turbine has been categorized into three sections according to the requirements of the aerodynamic and acoustic; inlet, plenum chamber, and outlet channels with circular cross-sections. The geometrical dimensions of inlet and outlet channels have been determined using the plane waves theory about a channel, in which the effects of flow is ignored. Space limitations of battleships at the dominant frequency have been considered. Then, the optimized size of the mid-channel section, in terms of both aerodynamic and acoustic requirements, using numerical methods and regarding the effects of flow has been calculated. Various 3D turbulent flows inside the plenum chamber have been considered, in which large eddy simulation turbulence model is utilized. Ffowcs, Williams and Hawkings models are used for the sound propagation process based on the Lighthill integral equation. The validity of the simulation has been checked by comparing results (sound pressure level) with experimental data obtained from a chamber. The comparison revealed the acceptable errors for a variety of frequencies. The results disclosed that the performance of channel system aerodynamic decreased when the fraction of plenum chamber cross-section to inlet/outlet channel cross-section increased. With an increase in the cross-section size at first Acoustic performance is improved and then worsen. Six different cases of marine gas turbine air supply system configurations have been presented, in which the limitation of the battleship space is considered. Examining and comparing the acoustic performance of different cases of the air supply channel system, it was found that the amount of sound pressure level, around the air supply channel system, and the high-pressure sound area can move along the air supply channel system. Additionally, deviations from plane waves considering the effects of flow have been inspected in all cases. The reason for this deviation is the effects of the airflow through the channel system and quadrupole sources in the production of sound in the channel system, which causes higher modes.

Authors and Affiliations

Mehrdad Rasoulimoghadam

Saeid Kheradmand

Evaluation of Mixing Efficiency and How it Affects the Properties of the New Green Sand Mixtures

Š. Kielar M. Bašistová P. Lichy

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 88-93 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146666

Keywords Green sand mixture Eddy mixer mixing time Optimization of mixing Green compressive strength

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Abstract

The current trend in the preparation of green sand mixtures emphasizes the acceleration of the mixing process while maintaining the quality of the mixture. This requirement results in the necessity of determining the optimal conditions for mixing the mixture with a given mixer. This work aims to determine the optimal mixing conditions for the newly introduced eddy mixer LM-3e from the company Multiserw-Morek in the sand laboratory at the Department of Metallurgical Technologies, Faculty of Materials and Technology, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava. The main monitored properties of mixtures will be green compressive strength and moisture of the mixture. The measured properties of the mixture mixed on the eddy mixer will be compared with the properties of the mixture mixed on the existing LM-2e wheel mixer. The result of the experiment confirmed that the eddy mixer is suitable for the preparation of a mixture of the same quality as the wheel mixer but with a significantly reduced mixing time.

Bibliography

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[3] Radkovský, F., Gawronová, M., Merta, V., Lichý, P., Kroupová, I., Nguyenová, I., Kielar, Š., Folta, M., Bradáč, J., Kocich, R. (2022). Effect of the composition of hybrid sands on the change in thermal expansion. Materials. 15(17), 6180, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15176180.
[4] Troy, E. C. et al. (1971). A mulling index applied to sand-water-bentonite. AFS Transactions. 79, 213-224.
[5] Gawronová, M., Kielar, Š. & Lichý, P. (2022). Mulling and its effect on the properties of sand-water-bentonite moulding mixture. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 22(3), 107-112. DOI: 10.24425/afe.2022.140243.
[6] Multiserw-Morek. Catalogue of moulding and core mass testing equipment. Propagation catalogue. Retrieved January 20, 2023, from http://multiserw-morek.pl/!data/attachments/odlewnictwo_pl_a4_24str.pdf. (in Polish).
[7] Silica sand Biała Góra. Sand Team. Technical sheet. Holubice. Retrieved January 20, 2023 from: https://www.sandteam.cz/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Biala_Gora_v6.pdf (in Czech).
[8] Keramost. Activated bentonite. Product Safety data sheet. Retrieved January 20, 2023 from: https://www.keramost.cz/dokumenty/sds-bentonite-activated-en.pdf.

Authors and Affiliations

Š. Kielar

1

M. Bašistová

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

P. Lichy

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

VSB - Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Czech Republic

A novel deep penetrating eddy current probe based on phase shifted fields and its application to inspection of defects

Meixian Wu Dongli Zhang Chuanglong Wang

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2020 | vol. 27 | No 2 | 275-287 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2020.132774

Keywords skin effect penetration depth austenitic stainless steel eddy current probe phase shifted fields

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Abstract

Due to the skin effect of eddy currents, the depth of cracks which can be detected by the traditional eddy current probe is very limited. In order to improve the ability of eddy current probes to inspect deep cracks in metal thick-walled structures, a new eddy current probe using an excitation system with phase shifted fields was proposed. Its feasibility for detecting deep cracks was verified by simulation and experiments. The results showed that the penetration depth of eddy currents in austenitic stainless steel is effectively enhanced by using the new probe.

Authors and Affiliations

Meixian Wu

Dongli Zhang

Chuanglong Wang

An eddy current model of pot-cored coil for testing multilayer conductors with a hole

G. Tytko

Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2020 | 68 | No. 6 | 1311-1317 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.135388

Keywords non-destructive testing eddy currents coil impedance ferrite core truncated region eigenfunction expansion

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Abstract

Pot-cored coils are commonly used as probes in eddy current testing. In this paper, an analytical model of such a coil placed over a three-layer plate with a hole has been presented. The proposed solution enables the modelling of both magnetic and non-magnetic conductive plates that contain different types of hole, i.e. a through, a surface, an inner or a subsurface hole. The problem was solved by using the truncated region eigenfunction expansion (TREE) method. The analysis was carried out in a cylindrical coordinate system in which the solution domain was radially limited. With the employment of the filamentary coil, the expressions for the magnetic vector potential, and subsequently for the impedance of the cylindrical coil were obtained. The final formulas were presented in a closed form and then implemented in Matlab. The resistance and reactance values were compared with the results obtained in the experiment and using the finite element method in the Comsol Multiphysics package. In each of the cases, good agreement was obtained.

Authors and Affiliations

G. Tytko

Surrogate synthesis of frame eddy current probes with uniform sensitivity in the testing zone

Volodymyr Ya. Halchenko Ruslana Trembovetska Volodymyr Tychkov

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2021 | vol. 28 | No 3 | 551-564 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2021.137128

Keywords eddy current probe uniform sensitivity metamodel additive neural network regression surrogate optimization global extremum

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Abstract

A mathematical method for nonlinear surrogate synthesis of frame surface eddy current probes providing a uniform eddy current density distribution in the testing object area is proposed. A metamodel of a frame movable eddy-current probe with a planar excitation system structure, used in the algorithm for surrogate optimal synthesis was created. The examples of a nonlinear synthesis of excitation systems with the application of the modern metaheuristic stochastic algorithms for finding the global extremum are considered. The numerical findings of the problem analyses are presented. The efficiency of the synthesized excitation structures was demonstrated on the basis of the eddy current density distribution graphs on the surface of the control zone of the object in comparison with classical analogues.

Bibliography

[1] Rosado, L. S., Gonzalez, J. C., Santos, T. G., Ramos, P. M., & Pieda, M. (2013). Geometric optimization of a differential planar eddy currents probe for non-destructive testing. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical., 197, 96–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2013.04.010
[2] Su, Z., Efremov, A., Safdarnejad, M., Tamburrino, A., Udpa, L., & Udpa, S. (2015). Optimization of coil design for near uniform interrogating field generation. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1650, 405–413. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4914636
[3] Su, Z.,Ye, C., Tamburrino, A., Udpa, L.,&Udpa, S. (2016). Optimization of coil design for eddy current testing of multi-layer structures. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 52(1–2), 315–322. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAE-162030
[4] Liu, Z., Yao, J., He, C., Li, Z., Liu, X., & Wu, B. (2018). Development of a bidirectional-excitation eddy-current sensor with magnetic shielding: Detection of subsurface defects in stainless steel. IEEE Sensors J., 18(15), 6203–6216. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2018.2844957
[5] Ye, C., Udpa, L., & Udpa, S. (2016). Optimization and Validation of Rotating Current Excitation with GMR Array Sensors for Riveted Structures Inspection. Sensors, 16(9), 1512. https://doi.org/10.3390/s16091512
[6] Rekanos, I. T., Antonopoulos, C. S., & Tsiboukis, T. D. (1999). Shape design of cylindrical probe coils for the induction of specified eddy current distributions. IEEE Transactions Magnetics, 35(3), 1797–1800. https://doi.org/10.1109/20.767380
[7] Li, Y., Ren, S., Yan, B., Zainal Abidin, I. M., & Wang, Y. (2017). Imaging of subsurface corrosion using gradient-field pulsed eddy current probes with uniform field excitation. Sensors, 17, 1747. https://doi.org/10.3390/s17081747
[8] Hashimoto, M., Kosaka, D., Ooshima, K., & Nagata, Y. (2002). Numerical analysis of eddy current testing for tubes using uniform eddy current distribution. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 15(1–4), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAE-2002-511
[9] Repelianto, A. S., Kasai, N., Sekino, K., & Matsunaga, M. (2019). A Uniform Eddy Current Probe with a Double-Excitation Coil for Flaw Detection on Aluminium Plates. Metals, 9(10), 1116. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9101116
[10] Halchenko, V. Ya., Trembovetskaya, R. V., & Tychkov, V. V. (2020). Surface eddy current probes: excitation systems of the optimal electromagnetic field (review). Devices and Methods of Measurements, 11(2), 91–104. https://doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-2-91-104
[11] Trembovetska, R. V., Halchenko, V. Ya., Tychkov, V. V., & Storchak, A. V. (2020). Linear Synthesis of Uniform Anaxial Eddy Current Probes with a Volumetric Structure of the Excitation System. International Journal “NDT Days”, 3(4), 184–190. https://www.bg-s-ndt.org/journal/ vol3/JNDTD-v3-n4-a01.pdf (in Russian)
[12] Halchenko, V. Ya., Yakimov, A. N., & Ostapuschenko, D. L. (2010). Global optimum search of functions with using of multiagent swarm optimization hybrid with evolutional composition formation of population. Information Technology, 10, 9–16. http://novtex.ru/IT/it2010/It1010.pdf (in Russian)
[13] Itaya, T., Ishida, K., Kubota, Y., Tanaka, A., & Takehira, N. (2016). Visualization of Eddy Current Distributions for Arbitrarily Shaped Coils Parallel to a Moving Conductor Slab. Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, 47, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERM16011204
[14] Itaya, T., Ishida, K., Tanaka, A., Takehira, N., & Miki, T. (2012). Eddy Current Distribution for a Rectangular Coil Arranged Parallel to a Moving Conductor Stab. IET Science, Measurement & Technology, 6(2), 43–51. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-smt.2011.0015
[15] Kozieł, S., & Bekasiewicz, A. (2017). Multi-objective design of antennas using surrogate models, World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd. [16] Forrester, A. I. J., Sóbester, A., & Keane, A. J. (2008). Engineering design via surrogate modelling: a practical guide. Chichester: Wiley.
[17] Burnaev, E. V., Erofeev, P., Zaitsev, A., Kononenko, D., & Kapushev E. (2015). Surrogate modeling and optimization of the airplane wing profile based on Gaussian processes. http://itas2012.iitp.ru/pdf/ 1569602325.pdf (in Russian)
[18] Koziel, S., Echeverría Ciaurri, D., & Leifsson L. (2011). Surrogate-based methods. In Koziel S., Yang XS. (Eds.), Computational Optimization, Methods and Algorithms. Studies in Computational Intelligence, 356, Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20859-1_3
[19] Halchenko, V. Ya., Trembovetska, R. V., Tychkov, V. V., & Storchak, A. V. (2019). Nonlinear surrogate synthesis of the surface circular eddy current probes. Przegla˛d Elektrotechniczny, 9, 76–82. https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2019.09.15
[20] Halchenko,V. Ya., Trembovetska, R. V.,&Tychkov, V. V. (2019). Linear synthesis of non-axial surface eddy current probes. International Journal “NDT Days”, 2(3), 259–268. https://www.ndt.net/article/ NDTDays2019/papers/JNDTD-v2-n3-a03.pdf (in Russian)
[21] Trembovetska, R. V., Halchenko, V. Y., & Tychkov, V. V. (2019). Multiparameter hybrid neural network metamodel of eddy current probes with volumetric structure of excitation system. International Scientific Journal Mathematical Modeling, 4(3), 113–116. https://stumejournals.com/journals/ mm/2019/4/113
[22] Koshevoy, N. D., Gordienko, V. A., & Sukhobrus, Ye. A. (2014). Optimization for the design matrix realization value with the aim to investigate technological processes. Telecommunications and radio engineering, 73(15), 1383–1386. https://doi.org/10.1615/TelecomRadEng.V73.i15.60 (in Russian)
[23] Halchenko, V. Ya., Trembovetska, R. V., Tychkov, V. V., & Storchak, A. V. (2020). The Construction of Effective Multidimensional Computer Designs of Experiments Based on a Quasi-random Additive Recursive Rd–sequence. Applied Computer Systems, 25(1), 70–76. https://doi.org/10.2478/ acss-2020-0009
[24] Brink, H., Richards, J., & Fetherolf, M. (2017). Real-World Machine Learning. Manning Publications Co.
[25] Kuznetsov, B. I., Nikitina, T. B.,& Bovdui, I. V. (2020). Active shielding of magnetic field of overhead power line with phase conductors of triangle arrangement. Tekhnichna elektrodynamika, 4, 25–28. https://doi.org/10.15407/techned2020.04.025

Authors and Affiliations

Volodymyr Ya. Halchenko

1

Ruslana Trembovetska

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Volodymyr Tychkov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Cherkasy State Technological University, Instrumentation, Mechatronics and Computer Technologies Department, Blvd. Shevchenka, 460, 18006, Cherkasy, Ukraine

Hybrid Artificial Boundary Conditions for the Application of Blunt-Body Aerodynamic Noise Prediction

Ruixian Ma Zhansheng Liu Con J. Dooloan Danielle J. Moreau Michał Czarnecki

Archives of Acoustics | 2019 | vol. 44 | No 1 | 105-116 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2019.126357

Keywords cylinder aerodynamic noise non-reflecting boundary conditions large eddy simulation FW-H acoustic analogy acoustic damping layer

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Abstract

A hybrid artificial boundary condition (HABC) that combines the volume-based acoustic damping layer (ADL) and the local face-based characteristic boundary condition (CBC) is presented to enhance the absorption of acoustic waves near the computational boundaries. This method is applied to the prediction of aerodynamic noise from a circular cylinder immersed in uniform compressible viscous flow. Different ADLs are designed to assess their effectiveness whereby the effect of the mesh-stretch direction on wave absorption in the ADL is analysed. Large eddy simulation (LES) and FW-H acoustic analogy method are implemented to predict the far-field noise, and the sensitivities of each approach to the HABC are compared. In the LES computed propagation field of the fluctuation pressure and the frequency-domain results, the spurious reflections at edges are found to be significantly eliminated by the HABC through the effective dissipation of incident waves along the wave-front direction in the ADL. Thereby, the LES results are found to be in a good agreement with the acoustic pressure predicted using FW-H method, which is observed to be just affected slightly by reflected waves.

Authors and Affiliations

Ruixian Ma

Zhansheng Liu

Con J. Dooloan

Danielle J. Moreau

Michał Czarnecki

Surrogate synthesis of excitation systems for frame tangential eddy current probes

Volodymyr Yakovych Halchenko Ruslana Volodymyrivna Trembovetska Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tychkov

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2021 | vol. 70 | No 4 | 743-757

Keywords additive neural network regression eddy current probe stochastic optimization algorithm surrogate optimization uniformeddy current density distribution velocity effect

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Abstract

Existing scientific studies devoted to the design of eddy-current probes with a priori given configuration of the electromagnetic excitation field, which provide a uniform eddy current density distribution, consider a wide class of such, but are limited to the case when the probe is stationary relative to the testing object. Therefore, the actual problem is the synthesis of moving tangential eddy current probes with a frame excitation system that provides a uniform eddy current density distribution in the testing object, the solution of which is proposed in this study.
A mathematical method for nonlinear surrogate synthesis of excitation systems for frame moving tangential surface eddy current probes, which implements a uniform eddy current density distribution of the testing zone object, is proposed. A metamodel of the volumetric structure of the excitation system of the frame tangential eddy current probe, applied in the process of surrogate optimal parametric synthesis, has been created. The examples of nonlinear synthesis of excitation systems using modern metaheuristic stochastic algorithms for finding the global extremum are considered. The numerical results of the obtained solutions of the problems are presented. The efficiency of the synthesized structures of excitation systems in comparison with classical analogs is shown on the graphs of the eddy current density distribution on the object surface in the testing zone.

Bibliography

[1] Repelianto A.S., Development of uniform eddy current probes using multi excitation coils, Doctoral Dissertation, Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University (2020).
[2] Halchenko V.Y., Trembovetskaya R.V., Tychkov V.V., Surface eddy current probes: excitation systems of the optimal electromagnetic field (review), Devices and Methods of Measurements, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 91–104 (2020), DOI: 10.21122/2220-9506-2020-11-2-91-104.
[3] Huang L., Zou J., Zhang J., ZhouY., Deng F., A novel rectangular vertical probe with a conductive shell for eddy current testing, International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 191–205 (2019), DOI: 10.3233/JAE-190058.
[4] Halchenko V.Y., Trembovetskaya R.V., Tychkov V.V., Linear synthesis of non-axial surface eddy current probes, International Journal “NDT Days”, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 259–268 (2019).
[5] Trembovetska R.V., Halchenko V.Y., Tychkov V.V., Storchak A.V., Linear synthesis of uniform anaxial eddy current probes with a volumetric structure of the excitation system, International Journal “NDT Days”, vol. 3, no. 4. pp. 184–190 (2020).
[6] Trembovetska R.V., Halchenko V.Y., Tychkov V.V., Bazilo C.V., Linear synthesis of frame eddy current probes with a planar excitation system, International Scientific Journal “Mathematical Modeling”, vol. 4, no. 3. pp. 86–90 (2020).
[7] Itaya T., Ishida K., Kubota Y., Tanaka A., Takehira N., Visualization of eddy current distributions for arbitrarily shaped coils parallel to a moving conductor slab, Progress in Electromagnetics Research M, vol. 47, pp. 1–12 (2016), DOI: 10.2528/pierm16011204.
[8] Itaya T., Ishida K., Tanaka A., Takehira N., Miki T., A new analytical method for calculation of eddy current distribution and its application to a system of conductor-slab and rectangular coil, Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, pp. 135–139 (2011).
[9] Halchenko V.Y., Trembovetska R.V., Tychkov V.V., Storchak A.V., Nonlinear surrogate synthesis of the surface circular eddy current probes, Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, no. 9, pp. 76–82 (2019), DOI: 10.15199/48.2019.09.15.
[10] Halchenko V.Y., Trembovetska R.V., Tychkov V.V., Development of excitation structure RBFmetamodels of moving concentric eddy current probe, Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 2, pp. 28–38 (2019), DOI: 10.20998/2074-272X.2019.2.05.
[11] Trembovetska R.V., Halchenko V.Y., Tychkov V.V., Studying the computational resource demands of mathematical models for moving surface eddy current probes for synthesis problems, Eastern- European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, vol. 95, no. 5/5, pp. 39–46 (2018), DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2018.143309.
[12] Forrester A.I.J., Sóbester A., Keane A.J., Engineering design via surrogate modelling: a practical guide, Chichester, Wiley (2008).
[13] Koziel S., Echeverrı’a-Ciaurri D., Leifsson L., Surrogate-based methods, Computational Optimization, Methods and Algorithms, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, pp. 33–59 (2011), https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-20859-1_3
[14] Simon Haykin, Neural networks: a complete course, Moscow, Williams Publ. House (2006).
[15] Géron A., Hands-on machine learning with scikit-learn, keras, and tensorflow, O’Reilly Media (2019).
[16] Halchenko V.Y., Trembovetska R.V., Tychkov V.V., Storchak A.V., Methods for creating metamodels: state of the question, Visnyk of Vinnytsia Politechnical Institute, vol. 151, no. 4, pp. 74–88 (2020), DOI: 10.31649/1997-9266-2020-151-4-74-88.
[17] Elsawah M., Constructing uniform experimental designs: in view of centered and wrap-around discrepancy, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing: (Theory of probability, stochastics, mathematical statistics) (2014).
[18] HalchenkoV.Y., Trembovetska R.V., TychkovV.V., Storchak A.V., The construction of effective multidimensional computer designs of experiments based on a quasi-random additive recursive Rd-sequence, Applied Computer Systems, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 70–76 (2020), DOI: 10.2478/acss-2020-0009.
[19] Brink H., Richards J., Feverolph M., Machine learning, SPb, Peter (2017).
[20] Benchabira A., Khiat M., A hybrid method for the optimal reactive power dispatch and the control of voltages in an electrical energy network, Archives of Electrical Engineering, vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 535–551 (2019), DOI: 10.24425/aee.2019.129340.
[21] Kuznetsov B.I., Nikitina T.B., Bovdui I.V., Active shielding of magnetic field of overhead power line with phase conductors of triangle arrangement, Technical Electrodynamisc, no. 4, pp. 25–28 (2020), DOI: 10.15407/techned2020.04.025.
[22] Halchenko V.Y., Yakimov A.N., Ostapuschenko D.L., Global optimum search of functions with using of multiagent swarm optimization hybrid with evolutional composition formation of population, Information Technology, no. 10, pp. 9–16 (2010).
[23] Halchenko V.Y., Yakimov A.N., Ostapuschenko D.L., Method of Pareto-optimal parametric synthesis of axially symmetric magnetic systems taking into account the nonlinear magnetic properties of a ferromagnetic, Journal of Technical Physics, no. 7, pp. 1–7 (2012).
[24] Suresho V., Janiko P., Jasinskio M., Metaheuristic approach to optimal power flow using mixed integer distributed ant colony optimization, Archives of Electrical Engineering, vol. 69, no. 2, pp. 335–348 (2020), DOI: 10.24425/aee.2020.133029.

Authors and Affiliations

Volodymyr Yakovych Halchenko

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ruslana Volodymyrivna Trembovetska

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tychkov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Cherkasy State Technological University, Ukraine

Surrogate methods for determining profiles of material properties of planar test objects with accumulation of apriori information about them

Volodymyr Y. Halchenko Ruslana Trembovetska Volodymyr Tychkov Nataliia Tychkova

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2024 | vol. 73 | No 1 | 183-200 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2024.148864

Keywords accumulation of apriori information electrical conductivity and magneticpermeability profiles neural network metamodel structuroscopy surface eddy-current probe surrogate optimization

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Abstract

New methods for identifying the material properties of planar objects as a result of measurements by the eddy current method are proposed. The methods are based on the latest surrogate strategies and advanced optimization techniques that improve efficiency and reduce resource consumption of problem solutions, and balance computational complexity with the accuracy of the results. High-performance metamodels for global surrogate optimization are based on deep truly meaningful fully connected neural networks, serving as an additional function of accumulating apriori information about objects. High accuracy of the approximation of the multidimensional response surface, which is determined by the “exact” electrodynamic model of the testing process, is ensured by performing calculations according to the computer design of a homogeneous experiment with a low weighted symmetric centered discrepancy. The results of numerical experiments performed for full and reduced dimensional search spaces, which can be obtained by linear transformations using the principal component method, are presented. The verification of the methods proved their sufficiently high accuracy and computational performance.

Authors and Affiliations

Volodymyr Y. Halchenko

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Ruslana Trembovetska

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Volodymyr Tychkov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Nataliia Tychkova

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Instrumentation, Mechatronics and Computer Technologies Department Cherkasy State Technological University Blvd. Shevchenka, 460, 18006, Cherkasy, Ukraine

Location-optimized aerodynamic rotor design studies and development of small wind turbines

Daniel Lehser-Pfeffermann Alexander Hamman Frank Ulrich Rückert

Archives of Thermodynamics | 2022 | vol. 43 | No 1 | 3-19 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2022.140922

Keywords small wind turbine Fluid energy machines Vertical axis wind turbine Additive manufacturing (AM) Fibre-reinforced composites Computational Fluid Dynamics Large Eddy Simulation Turbulence simulation

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Abstract

Local wind conditions can vary strongly depending on the landmark and vegetation, as well as on the skyline of the buildings in an urban surrounding. Weather, season and time of day influence the yield of electric power. In order to promote the use of small wind turbines as an alternative to photovoltaic power generation, design optimization for locationoptimized small wind turbines was carried out. In this work, we want to concentrate on vertical axis wind turbines. Experimental studies, as well as numerical simulations, have been conducted. On the one hand, bionically optimized core structures will be integrated and implemented in the hybrid material of the turbine blades. Several optimization attempts have been examined for single blades. Detailed simulative investigations with large eddy simulations improve the aerodynamic behaviour of the new rotor design. Finally, based on the results of the studies and investigations, a new rotor will be manufactured and tested experimentally in the wind tunnel. A comparison with the reference system from the first part of the paper shows the improvements and effectiveness of the measures and processes investigated.

Bibliography

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[16] Ahmed A., Ibrar B., Lehser-Pfeffermann D., Theis D., Benim A., Rückert F., Joos F.: Investigation of wake flow and turbulence development behind small wind turbines. In: Proc. ICREN – 2019 Int. Conf. on Renewabl, Paris, 24–26 April, 2019.
[17] Stasko T., Majkut M., Dykas S., Smołka K.: Selection of a numerical model to predict the flowin a fan with a cycloidal rotor. Arch. Thermodyn. 42(2021), 4, 3–15.
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[19] Lipian M., Dobrev I., Massouh F., Jozwik K.: Small wind turbine augmentation: Numerical investigations of shrouded- and twin-rotor wind turbines. Energy 201(2020), 117588.

Authors and Affiliations

Daniel Lehser-Pfeffermann

1

Alexander Hamman

1

Frank Ulrich Rückert

1

University of Applied Sciences Saarbrücken (htw saar), Faculty of Economic Sciences, Campus Rotenbühl, Waldhausweg 14, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany

Armature MMF and electromagnetic performance analysis of dual three-phase 10-pole/24-slot permanent magnet synchronous machine

Zhenfei Chen Ning Xing Hongzhong Ma Zhixin Li Jiayu Li Chenyang Fan

Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 72 | No 1 | 189-210 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2023.143697

Keywords dual three-phase winding fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet synchronous machines (FSCW-PMSMs) MMF harmonic analysis space harmonics magnet eddy-current loss (ECL) SVPWM voltage supply

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Abstract

Fractional-slot concentrated-winding permanent magnet synchronous machines (FSCW-PMSMs) have a good prospect of application in the drive system of electric and hybrid electric vehicles. However, the armature magnetomotive force (MMF) of FSCWPMSM contains a large number of space harmonics, which induce large magnet eddycurrent loss (ECL). To solve this problem, a dual three-phase 10-pole and 24-slot winding layout is proposed.MMFharmonic analysis shows that the 1st, 7th and 17th space-harmonic winding factors of the proposed winding can be reduced by 100%, 87% and 87% respectively, compared with a dual three-phase 10-pole and 12-slot winding. Electromagnetic performances of the proposed machine under rated sinusoidal current supply and space vector pulse-width-modulated (SVPWM) voltage supply are investigated based on 2D finite-element analysis. It is shown that the proposed machine can meet the requirement of torque and efficiency in the full speed range. Especially, magnet ECL can be reduced greatly due to the reduction of the 7th and 17th space harmonics.

Authors and Affiliations

Zhenfei Chen

1

Ning Xing

2

Hongzhong Ma

1

Zhixin Li

3

Jiayu Li

1

Chenyang Fan

1

College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Hohai University Jiangsu, China
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University Tianjin, China
Electric Power Science Research Institute, Jiangsu Electric Power Company, Jiangsu, China

1

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