Abstract
The second decade of the 21st century is a period of intense development of various types of
energy storage other than pumped-storage hydroelectricity. Battery and thermal storage systems
are particularly rapidly developing ones. The observed phenomenon is a result of a key megatrend,
i.e. the development of intermittent renewable energy sources (IRES) (wind power, photovoltaics).
The development of RES, mainly in the form of distributed generation, combined with the dynamic
development of electric mobility, results in the need to stabilize the grid frequency and voltage and
calls for new solutions in order to ensure the security of energy supplies. High maturity, appropriate
technical parameters, and increasingly better economic parameters of lithium battery technology
(including lithium-ion batteries) result in a rapid increase of the installed capacity of this type of
energy storage. The abovementioned phenomena helped to raise the question about the prospects
for the development of electricity storage in the world and in Poland in the 2030 horizon. The
estimated worldwide battery energy storage capacity in 2030 is ca. 51.1 GW, while in the case of
Poland it is approximately 410.6 MW.
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