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Analysis of a novel FPGA-based system for filtering audio signals using a finite impulse response filters

Adrian Lipowski Paweł Majewski Sławomir Pluta

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2022 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 19-26 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2022.139843

Keywords audio filtering FIR filter FPGA signal processing

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Abstract

In this article, an analysis of an innovative system for filtering signals in the audible range (16 Hz - 20 kHz) on programmable logic devices using a filters with a finite impulse response, is presented. Mentioned system was neat combination of software and hardware platform, where in the program layer a multiple programming languages including VHDL, JavaScript, Matlab or HTML were used to create completely useful application. To determine the coefficients of polynomial filters the Matlab Filter Design & Analysis Tool was used. Thanks to the developed graphic layer, a user-friendly interface was created, which allows easily transfer the required coefficients from the computer to the executive system. The practical implementation made on the FPGA platform, specifically on the Altera DE2- 115 development kit with the FPGA Cyclone IV, was compared with simulation realization of Matlab FIR filters. The performed research confirm the effectiveness of filtration in real time with up to 128th order of the filter for both audio channels simultaneously in FPGA-based system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Adrian Lipowski

1

Paweł Majewski

1

Sławomir Pluta

1

Opole University Technology, Opole, Poland

IR detection module with integrated real-time FIR filter implemented in FPGA

Krzysztof Achtenberg Janusz Mikołajczyk Zbigniew Bielecki

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2024 | vol. 70 | No 1 | 175-182 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2024.149528

Keywords IR detectors FIR FPGA DSP noise filtering

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Abstract

Infrared detectors are usually characterized by 1/f noise when operating with biasing. This type of noise significantly reduces detection capabilities for low-level and slow signals. There are a few methods to reduce the influence of 1/f noise, like filtering or chopper stabilization with lock-in. Using the first one, a simple 1st-order analog low-pass filter built-in amplifier usually cuts off 1/f noise fluctuations at low frequencies. In comparison, the stabilization technique modulates the signal transposing to a higher frequency with no 1/f noise and then demodulates it back (lock-in amplifiers). However, the flexible tuned device, which can work precisely at low frequencies, is especially desirable in some applications, e.g., optical spectroscopy or interferometry. The paper describes a proof-of-concept of an IR detection module with an adjustable digital filter taking advantage of finite impulse response type. It is based on the high-resolution analog-to-digital converter, field-programmable gate array, and digital-to-analog converter. A microcontroller with an implemented user interface ensures control of such a prepared filtering path. The module is a separate component with the possibility of customization and can be used in experiments or applications in which the reduction of noises and unexpected interferences is needed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Achtenberg

1

e-mail:

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Janusz Mikołajczyk

1

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Zbigniew Bielecki

1

e-mail:

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Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

A Novel Influence Function M-Estimator-Based for Active Noise Control

Seyed Amir Hoseini Sabzevari Seyed Iman Hoseini Sabzevari

Archives of Acoustics | 2021 | vol. 46 | No 3 | 499-506 | DOI: 10.24425/aoa.2021.138142

Keywords active noise control adaptive FIR M-estimator noise model

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Abstract

M-estimators are widely used in active noise control (ANC) systems in order to update the adaptive FIR filter taps. ANC systems reduce the noise level by generating anti-noise signals. Up to now, the evaluation of M-estimators capabilities has shown that there exists a need for further improvements in this area. In this paper, a new improved M-estimator is proposed. The sensitivity of the proposed algorithm to the variations of its constant parameter is checked in feedforward control. The effectiveness of the algorithm in both types is proved by comparing it with previous studies. Simulation results show the steady performance and fast initial convergence of the proposed algorithm.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Seyed Amir Hoseini Sabzevari

1

Seyed Iman Hoseini Sabzevari

2

Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, 9691957678, Iran
Department of Electrical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, 9177948974, Iran

Phytophthora citricola on European beechand Silver fir in Polishforest nurseries

Leszek B. Orlikowski Barbara Duda Grażyna Szkuta

Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2004 | vol. 44 | No 1 | 57-64

Keywords forest nursery survey isolation Phytophthora colonisation beech fir

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Abstract

Phytophthora citricola was isolated from diseased seedlings of European beech and Silver fir taken from the most of surveyed nurseries. Fusarium species, Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani were also found in diseased plant tissues.Isoates of P. citricola fro mboth plants and additionally from heather and rhododendron colonised leaf blades, needles and stem parts of beech and fir. In greenhouse trials on inoculated 1-year-old seedlings necrosis spread about 2 mm/24 hr on beech stems whereas on fir about 1.5 mm/24 hr.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek B. Orlikowski

Barbara Duda

Grażyna Szkuta

Design of Sparse FIR Filters with Low Group Delay

Jacek Konopacki

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 1 | 121-126 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2021.135953

Keywords digital filters FIR filters design sparse filters reduced group delay filters

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Abstract

The aim of the work is to present the method for designing sparse FIR filters with very low group delay and approximately linear-phase in the passband. Significant reduction of the group delay, e.g. several times in relation to the linear phase filter, may cause the occurrence of undesirable overshoot in the magnitude frequency response. The method proposed in this work consists of two stages. In the first stage, FIR filter with low group delay is designed using minimax constrained optimization that provides overshoot elimination. In the second stage, the same process is applied iteratively to reach sparse solution. Design examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Konopacki

1

Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Sciences, Silesian University of Technology

Digital Finite Impulse Response Notch Filter with Non-Zero Initial Conditions, Based on an Infinite Impulse Response Prototype Filter

Sławomir Kocoń Jacek Piskorowski

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2012 | No 4 | 767-776 | DOI: 10.2478/v10178-012-0068-x

Keywords measurement signal processing finite impulse response (FIR) filter non-zero initial conditions transient response electrocardiography.

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Abstract

In this paper a concept of finite impulse response (FIR) narrow band-stop (notch) filter with non-zero initial conditions, based on infinite impulse response (IIR) prototype filter, is proposed. The filter described in this paper is used to suppress power line noise from ECG signals. In order to reduce the transient response of the proposed FIR notch filter, optimal initial conditions for the filter have been determined. The algorithm for finding the length of the initial conditions vector is presented. The proposed values of the length of initial conditions vector, for several ECG signals and interfering frequencies, are calculated. The proposed filters are tested using various ECG signals. Computer simulations demonstrate that the proposed FIR filters outperform traditional FIR filters with initial conditions set to zero.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sławomir Kocoń

Jacek Piskorowski

Fir Filters Compliant with the IEEE Standard for M Class PMU

Krzysztof Duda Tomasz P. Zieliński

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2016 | vol. 23 | No 4 | 623-636 | DOI: 10.1515/mms-2016-0055

Keywords phasor estimation phasor measurement unit FIR filter cosine window flat-top window

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Abstract

In this paper it is shown that M class PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) reference model for phasor estimation recommended by the IEEE Standard C37.118.1 with the Amendment 1 is not compliant with the Standard. The reference filter preserves only the limits for TVE (total vector error), and exceeds FE (frequency error) and RFE (rate of frequency error) limits. As a remedy we propose new filters for phasor estimation for M class PMU that are fully compliant with the Standard requirements. The proposed filters are designed: 1) by the window method; 2) as flat-top windows; or as 3) optimal min-max filters. The results for all Standard compliance tests are presented, confirming good performance of the proposed filters. The proposed filters are fixed at the nominal frequency, i.e. frequency tracking and adaptive filter tuning are not required, therefore they are well suited for application in lowcost popular PMUs.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Duda

Tomasz P. Zieliński

Algorithm for Simultaneous Parameter Estimation of A Multiharmonic Signal

Predrag B. Petrović

Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2012 | No 4 | 693-702 | DOI: 10.2478/v10178-012-0061-4

Keywords band-limited signals fundamental frequency and Fourier coefficient estimation signal reconstruction finite-impulse-response (FIR) comb filter

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Abstract

Estimating the fundamental frequency and harmonic parameters is basic for signal modelling in a power supply system. Differing from the existing parameter estimation algorithms either in power quality monitoring or in harmonic compensation, the proposed algorithm enables a simultaneous estimation of the fundamental frequency, the amplitudes and phases of harmonic waves. A pure sinusoid is obtained from an input multiharmonic input signal by finite-impulse-response (FIR) comb filters. Proposed algorithm is based on the use of partial derivatives of the processed signal and the weighted estimation procedure to estimate the fundamental frequency, the amplitude and the phase of a multi-sinusoidal signal. The proposed algorithm can be applied in signal reconstruction, spectral estimation, system identification, as well as in other important signal processing problems. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

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Authors and Affiliations

Predrag B. Petrović

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Analysis of a novel FPGA-based system for filtering audio signals using a finite impulse response filters

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

IR detection module with integrated real-time FIR filter implemented in FPGA

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

A Novel Influence Function M-Estimator-Based for Active Noise Control

Abstract

Bibliography

Authors and Affiliations

Phytophthora citricola on European beechand Silver fir in Polishforest nurseries

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Design of Sparse FIR Filters with Low Group Delay

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Digital Finite Impulse Response Notch Filter with Non-Zero Initial Conditions, Based on an Infinite Impulse Response Prototype Filter

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Fir Filters Compliant with the IEEE Standard for M Class PMU

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations

Algorithm for Simultaneous Parameter Estimation of A Multiharmonic Signal

Abstract

Authors and Affiliations