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Abstract

In Poland an increase in the of number solar thermal collectors is observed in household applications. For economic and ecological profitability the creation of a solar thermal installation design in a proper manner is essential.

In order to determine solar installations size, software calculating future solar heat gains is used. SHW software is an examples of such software. The aim of this work was to compare the simulation results with the real results of the solar installation operation. The comparison was performed by an example of a single-family house with flat plate collector installations located in south-east Poland. This installation supports domestic hot water preparation in a house occupied by four people (in two-year period of analyses). The additional heat source in this building is a gas boiler. Solar fraction parameter values were chosen for this comparison. Solar fraction is calculated as a ratio of solar heat gains used in the domestic hot water preparation process to the heat desired for domestic hot water preparation. The real results of Solar Fraction turned out to be higher than the simulation results from May to August (there were many days with Solar Fraction = 1). A difference of 20–50 percentage points was observed (Solar Fraction). Apart from this period no special differences were observed.

Additionally analyses of differences between solar heat gains calculated by Get Solar simulation software with real values (for analyzed building) was performed. This simulation analysis was done before process of building installations.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Olczak
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The analysis of a solar installation operation was conducted on the example of a detached house in the Lesser Poland province in Poland. A gas boiler and three flat-plate collectors are located inside the house, which are used for heating water in the hot water tank with a volume of 220 dm3. The installation was established in 2012. The heat measured system (for solar gains) was added in 2014. In 2015–2019 solar heat gains measured per area of absorber were higher than 340 kWh/m2. During a two-week period in June 2015, the insolation on the horizontal plane and the temperature were measured in 4 different points of the hot water tank. On this basis, heat losses from the storage tank were determined, i.e. a decrease in temperature during periods with and without the consumption of hot water by the residents. During this period, a temperature higher than 80°C was observed several times in the hot water tank. In two parts of the hot water tank, rhe determined temperature decreases were used to obtain the heat loss amount. In the analyzed period (2 weeks), 9 days were observed with solar heat gains higher than 9 kWh/day. For these days, the value of heat loss from the solar hot water tank was estimated at over 6 kWh/day. This data corresponds to the actual heat demand for hot water preparation in the building at 7.3 kWh/day. The correlation between daily solar heat gains and solar hot water tank heat losses were also determined. In addition, based on the amount of heat losses, the value of the tank loss coefficient was estimated. The obtained value was compared with the manufacturer’s data and reference data.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Olczak
ORCID: ORCID

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