The figure of a woman in folk songs is understood from the point of view of philosophical, moral and ethical, aesthetical criteria. The article analyses the ethnic image in different folk genres – calendar and ritual (carols, spring songs, Petrivka songs, Kusta songs, harvest songs) and the family and ritual (wedding and baptizing). The main methods of representation revealed are those by artistic parallelism, comparative expression, and metaphorical comprehension. A very important role in the architectonics of folk lyrics is played by floral, astral and other images‐symbols. Special attention is paid to the main attributes of a girl (the braid, the wreath) which distinguished her in daily life from a married woman and singled out is also the concept of the creation and perception of the traditional female image. Ukrainian ritual songs are imbued and have brought to our times the aesthetic characteristics of a young maiden. The psychology of the ethnos, its emotionality, its attentive attitude to the woman as an equal partner in the family is traced in folk songs. The conclusion drawn is one about the important role of a Ukrainian woman in the upbringing and directing of youth to marriage, sticking to the moral and ethical norms in the family, community and society.