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Number of results: 8
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Abstract

Horizontal centrifugal casting is an effective method for the production of hollow metal with good mechanical properties, low defect, cast

to size and relatively cheap. The ability of a metal to satisfy the above requirements highly depends on its microstructure. In this study, the

relationship between microstructural parameters such as grain size and the amount of phases with bulk hardness of SnCu4Pb3 is concerned

in three areas of the product. Consequently, to achieve the desired hardness of the product in a particular area, the interaction of two

factors of the microstructure including, grain size and particles amount of the hard intermetallic compositions (Cu6Sn5) should be noted.

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Authors and Affiliations

S.E. Vahdat
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Abstract

The present investigation aims at fabricating a functionally graded Al-6Cr-Y2O3 composite and its microstructural and property characterization. Al-6Cr-alloys with varying percentage of Y2O3 (5-10 vol. %) have been used to fabricate FGM by powder metallurgy route. The samples were subsequently subjected to solution treatment at 610°C for 4 h followed by artificially aged at 310°C for 4 h. The microstructure, hardness and wear behavior of these FGM have been evaluated. FGM exhibited superior hardness (360 ± 5 VHN) as compared to the unprocessed composites (220 ± 5 VHN) due to the uniform dispersion of Y2O3 particles. Wear resistance of Al-6Cr-10 Y2O3 FGM were compared that of with pure Al-6Cr alloy by dry abrasive wear test. Al-6Cr-10 Y2O3 FGM composites were found to exhibit higher wear resistance with the minimum wear rate of 0.009 mm3/m compared to the Al- 6Cr alloy wear rate 0.02 mm3/m.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Satish Kumar
K. Krishna Kumar
S. Shalini
R. Subramanian
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Abstract

In this article, the fracture behavior of functionally graded thick-walled cylinder under thermo-mechanical shock is investigated. For this purpose, classical coupled thermoelastic equations are used in calculations. First, these equations are discretized with extended finite element method (XFEM) in the space domain and then they are solved by the Newmark method in the time domain. The most general form of interaction integral is extracted for axially symmetric circumferential crack in a cylinder under thermal and mechanical loads in functionally graded materials and is used to calculate dynamic stress intensity factors (SIFs). The problem solution has been implemented in MATLAB software.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mohammad Reza Ghafoor Elahi
Masoud Mahdizadeh Rokhi
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Abstract

This paper presents a theoretical study of the propagation behaviour of surface Love waves in nonhomogeneous functionally graded elastic materials, which is a vital problem in acoustics. The elastic properties (shear modulus) of a semi-infinite elastic half-space vary monotonically with the depth (distance from the surface of the material). Two Love wave waveguide structures are analyzed: 1) a nonhomogeneous elastic surface layer deposited on a homogeneous elastic substrate, and 2) a semi-infinite nonhomogeneous elastic half-space. The Direct Sturm-Liouville Problem that describes the propagation of Love waves in nonhomogeneous elastic functionally graded materials is formulated and solved 1) analytically in the case of the step profile, exponential profile and 1cosh2 type profile, and 2) numerically in the case of the power type profiles (i.e. linear and quadratic), by using two numerical methods: i.e. a) Finite Difference Method, and b) Haskell-Thompson Transfer Matrix Method. The dispersion curves of phase and group velocity of surface Love waves in inhomogeneous elastic graded materials are evaluated. The integral formula for the group velocity of Love waves in nonhomogeneous elastic graded materials has been established. The results obtained in this paper can give a deeper insight into the nature of Love waves propagation in elastic nonhomogeneous functionally graded materials.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Kiełczyński
Marek Szalewski
Andrzej Balcerzak
Krzysztof Wieja
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Abstract

Design considerations, material properties and dynamic properties of engineering applications, rotating components, turbine blades, helicopter blades, etc., have significant effects on system efficiency. Structures made of functionally graded materials have recently begun to take place in such engineering applications, resulting from the development of composite material technology. In this study, vibration and buckling characteristics of axially functionally graded beams whose material properties change along the beam length is analyzed. Beam structural formulations and functionally graded material formulations are obtained for the Classical and the First Order Shear Deformation Theories. Finite element models are derived to carry out the vibratory and stability characteristic analyses. Effects of several parameters, i.e., rotational speed, hub radius, material properties, power law index parameter and boundary conditions are investigated and are displayed in several figures and tables. The calculated results are compared with the ones in open literature and very good agreement is observed.
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Bibliography

[1] C.T. Loy, K.Y. Lam, and J.N. Reddy. Vibration of functionally graded cylindrical shells. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 41(3):309–324, 1999. doi: 10.1016/S0020-7403(98)00054-X .
[2] B.V. Sankar. An elasticity solution for functionally graded beams. Composites Science and Technology, 61(5):689–696, 2001. doi: 10.1016/S0266-3538(01)00007-0.
[3] M. Aydogdu and V. Taskin. Free vibration analysis of functionally graded beams with simply supported edges. Materials & Design, 28(5):1651–1656, 2007. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2006.02.007.
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[8] M Şimşek and T. Kocatürk. Free and forced vibration of a functionally graded beam subjected to a concentrated moving harmonic load. Composite Structures, 90(4):465–473, 2009. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2009.04.024.
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[11] A. Shahba, R. Attarnejad, M.T. Marvi, and S. Hajilar. Free vibration and stability analysis of axially functionally graded tapered Timoshenko beams with classical and non-classical boundary conditions. Composites Part B: Engineering, 42(4):801–808, 2011. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.01.017.
[12] I. Elishakoff and Y. Miglis. Some intriguing results pertaining to functionally graded columns. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 80(4):1021–1029, 2013. doi: 10.1115/1.4007983.
[13] M. Soltani and B. Asgarian. New hybrid approach for free vibration and stability analyses of axially functionally graded Euler-Bernoulli beams with variable cross-section resting on uniform Winkler-Pasternak foundation. Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures, 16(3):e173, 2019. doi: 10.1590/1679-78254665.
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[17] Ö. Özdemir. Application of the differential transform method to the free vibration analysis of functionally graded Timoshenko beams. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 54(4):1205–1217, 2016.
[18] B. Kılıç. Vibration analysis of axially functionally graded rotor blades. M.Sc.Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey, 2019.
[19] S. Rajasekaran. Differential transformation and differential quadrature methods for centrifugally stiffened axially functionally graded tapered beams. International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 74. 15-31, 2013.
[20] A.D. Wright, C.E. Smith, R.W. Thresher, and J.L.C. Wang. Vibration modes of centrifugally stiffened beams. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 49(1):197–202, 1982. doi: 10.1115/1.3161966.
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Authors and Affiliations

Burak Kılıç
1
ORCID: ORCID
Özge Özdemir
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abstract

The dissimilar metal welds in the most of the reactors are connections between low alloy steel parts and stainless steel piping. There is a high possibility of primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) damage attributed to residual stress caused by the difference in material properties in the dissimilar metal weld joints. A number of accidents such as leakage of radioactive coolant due to PWSCC have been reported around the world, posing a great threat to nuclear safety. The objective of this study is to develop a technology that can fundamentally remove dissimilar metal welds by replacing the existing dissimilar metal parts with the functionally graded material (FGM) manufactured by metal 3D printing consisting of low alloy steel and austenitic stainless steel. A powder production, mixing ratio calculation, and metal 3D printing were performed to fabricate the low alloy steel-stainless steel FGM, and microstructure analysis, mechanical properties, and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) measurement of the FGM were performed. As a result, it is observed that CTE tended to increase as the austenite content increased in FGM. The gradual change of coefficient of thermal expansion in a FGM showed that the additive manufacturing using 3D printing was effective for preventing an abrupt change in thermal expansion properties throughout their layers.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ji-Hyun Yoon
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jeoung Han Kim
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Korea At omic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, South Korea
  2. Hanbat National University, Daejeon, South Korea
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Abstract

Functionally Graded Materials (FGM) are extensively employed for hip plant component material due to their certain properties in a specific design to achieve the requirements of the hip-joint system. Nevertheless, if there are similar properties, it doesn’t necessarily indicate that the knee plant is efficiently and effectively working. Therefore, it is important to develop an ideal design of functionally graded material femoral components that can be used for a long period. A new ideal design of femoral prosthesis can be introduced using functionally graded fiber polymer (FGFP) which will reduce the stress shielding and the corresponding stresses present over the interface. Herein, modal analysis of the complete hip plant part is carried out, which is the main factor and to date, very few research studies have been found on it. Moreover, this enhances the life of hip replacement, and the modal, harmonic, and fatigue analysis determines the pre-loading failure phenomena due to the vibrational response of the hip. This study deals with the cementless hip plant applying the finite element analysis (FEA) model in which geometry is studied, and the femoral bone model is based in a 3D scan.
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Bibliography

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[2] D. Lin, Q. Li, W. Li, S. Zhou, and M.V. Swain. Design optimization of functionally graded dental implant for bone remodeling. Composites Part B: Engineering, 40(7):668–675, 2009. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2009.04.015.
[3] G. Jin, M. Takeuchi, S. Honda, T. Nishikawa, and H. Awaji. Properties of multilayered mullite/Mo functionally graded materials fabricated by powder metallurgy processing. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 89(2-3):238–243, 2005. doi: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2004.03.031.
[4] E. Yılmaz, A. Gökçe, F. Findik, H.O. Gulsoy, and O. İyibilgin. Mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of porous Ti-Nb biomaterials. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, 87:59–67, 2018. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.07.018.
[5] A.T. Şensoy. M. Çolak, I. Kaymaz, and F. Findik. Optimal material selection for total hip implant: a finite element case study. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44:10293--10301, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s13369-019-04088-y.
[6] T.A. Enab and N.E. Bondok. Material selection in the design of the tibia tray component of cemented artificial knee using finite element method. Materials and Design, 44:454–460, 2013. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.08.017.
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[16] X.F. Zha. A web-based advisory system for process and material selection in concurrent product design for a manufacturing environment. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 25:233–243, 2005. doi: 10.1007/s00170-003-1838-0.
[17] F. Giudice, G. La Rosa, and A. Risitano. Materials selection in the Life-Cycle Design process: a method to integrate mechanical and environmental performances in optimal choice. Materials & Design, 26(1):9–20, 2005. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.04.006.
[18] F. Findik and K. Turan. Materials selection for lighter wagon design with a weighted property index method. Materials & Design, 37:470–477, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.01.016.
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[20] J.A. Basurto-Hurtado, G.I. Perez-Soto, R.A. Osornio-Rios, A. Dominguez-Gonzalez, and L.A. Morales-Hernandez. A new approach to modeling the ductile cast iron microstructure for a finite element analysis. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44:1221–1231, 2019. doi: 10.1007/s13369-018-3465-y.
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Authors and Affiliations

Saeed Asiri
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mechanical Engineering Department, Engineering College King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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