Artykuł przedstawia możliwości zastosowania modeli numerycznych i korzyści z tego płynących w projektowaniu systemów konstrukcyjnych budynków wysokich. Zostało to pokazane na przykładach autorskich propozycji kształtowania unikalnych form architektonicznych takich budynków przez zastosowanie nowatorskich układów struktur nośnych opracowanych również przez autora, których postacie są rezultatem odpowiedniego zastosowania formuły konstrukcyjnej struktur przestrzennych. Dla złożonych form systemów konstrukcyjnych zdefi niowano w języku programowania Formian stosowne modele numeryczne, których użycie znacząco usprawnia i przyspiesza proces projektowania oraz wznoszenia obiektów budowlanych. Przedstawiono także nowatorskie propozycje projektowania systemów fundamentowania, które umożliwiają bezpieczne posadowienie obiektów silnie obciążonych na gruntach o niewielkiej nośności oraz na terenach aktywnych sejsmicznie.

In EU law a lot of attention has recently been paid to personal data protection standards. In parallel to the development of the general EU rules on data protection, the Members States also develop cooperation between law enforcement agencies and create new information exchange possibilities, including the processing of personal data of participants in criminal proceedings. The aim of this article is to analyse whether the personal data of victims of crime are safeguarded according to the standards of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. For this purpose, the author analyses two directives: 2012/29/EU, which regulates minimum standards of victims of crime; and 2016/680/EU (also known as the Law Enforcement Directive), which regulates personal data processing for the purpose of combating crime. Based on the example of the Polish legislation implementing both directives, the author comes to the conclusion that the EU legislation is not fully coherent and leaves too much margin of appreciation to the national legislator. This results in a failure to achieve the basic goals of both directives. The author expects the necessary reflection not only from the national legislator, but also from the European Commission, which should check the correctness of the implementation of the directives, as well as from national courts, which should use all possible measures to ensure that the national law is interpreted in the light of the objectives of the directives.

The aim of this article is to demonstrate the contribution of fundamental theology to meta- theological research. The main considerations are introduced by a brief presentation of the main stages of development of the theory of theology. This renders it possible to indicate at which moment fundamental theology enters the meta-theological research and to present the research in this area. The participation of fundamental theology in these investigations is presented in two parts: (1) fundamental theological research in the area of the general theory of theology and (2) in the area of the theory of fundamental theology. In both areas, fundamental theology has a good number of publications and significant substantive achievements. This is undoubtedly due to the inclusion of meta-theology by many fundamental theologians as being important subjects of their research. Important, too, is the acknowledgement that fundamental theology, more than other theological disciplines, is predestined to carry out this type of investigation.

In the last decade many buildings such as multipurpose buildings, malls, auditoriums, sports halls which have long-span building floor structure. Various research results indicate that in general long-span concrete floor structures have a fundamental frequency of less than 7 Hz. This will risk a resonance if this floor receives dynamic loads of people jogging to follow the song with a frequency of 2-3 Hz. This research was conducted to numerically analyze the long-span building floor model using SAP2000, to determine the fundamental frequency and maximum displacement of the floor structure model. It was also investigated how to increase its fundamental frequency and reduce the maximum displacement. The results have shown that the numerical analysis of the plate model long-span floor building using SAP2000 produces a fundamental frequency of 5.19 Hz. Model III with Reinforcing double equal angles (84x37x10x2.5) steel truss provides the best results, increases the fundamental frequency to be 7.93 Hz, and with a variety of static and dynamic loads, decreases the value of the displacement and far from the allowable displacement.

The human voice is one of the basic means of communication, thanks to which one also can easily convey the emotional state. This paper presents experiments on emotion recognition in human speech based on the fundamental frequency. AGH Emotional Speech Corpus was used. This database consists of audio samples of seven emotions acted by 12 different speakers (6 female and 6 male). We explored phrases of all the emotions – all together and in various combinations. Fast Fourier Transformation and magnitude spectrum analysis were applied to extract the fundamental tone out of the speech audio samples. After extraction of several statistical features of the fundamental frequency, we studied if they carry information on the emotional state of the speaker applying different AI methods. Analysis of the outcome data was conducted with classifiers: K-Nearest Neighbours with local induction, Random Forest, Bagging, JRip, and Random Subspace Method from algorithms collection for data mining WEKA. The results prove that the fundamental frequency is a prospective choice for further experiments.

The European integration process is currently faced with a notable dilemma: While the need for new impetus and for far-reaching reform is widely felt, there is not only widespread resistance to any meaningful institutional reform but there is also a dearth of really innovative ideas. Europe is in danger of losing out with its citizens, who should have become its very foundation, in contrast to the early years when this integration process was mainly state driven. European institutions have tried to oppose this trend by organizing a grass-roots process for collecting ideas for reform. The results of the “Conference on the Future of Europe” were, however, not really convincing. This contribution attempts to examine the reform impulse coming from literature – in particular Ferdinand von Schirach’s “Jeder Mensch” – for its suitability to make a meaningful contribution to this discussion. It will be shown that one of his proposals – contained in Art. 6 of this booklet and proposing a right of the individual to bring fundamental rights claims directly before the Court of Justice of the European Union, deserves particular attention.

This research aims to present and analyse selected issues of Polish return law and practice in the light of the European Union return policy and against the backdrop of the migration crises of 2015 and 2021-2023, with a return decision placed at the heart of the study. The principal research objective is to examine whether the provisions of the 2013 Act on Foreigners follow the standards established in the EU Return Directive as well as in the case-law of the Court of Justice of the European Union. Another objective is to analyse the interaction between the provisions forming the uniform national return policy, but which originate from different legal systems (national and European ones). To this end “anti-terrorism” and “pushback” cases under Polish law will be assessed. The article thus poses several crucial questions, inter alia whether the Polish law and practice comply with standards established at the European level, especially insofar as fundamental rights of individuals are concerned; whether they contribute to the establishment of an effective EU return policy; and what role harmonisation plays in this process.

In the third decade of the twenty-first century, the “cathedral” of Catholic theology has suffered some structural assaults and the way forward is a contemporary “hot topic”. This paper argues against the idea, common among Catholics of the millennial generation, that we simply need to “reboot” the system to 1959 and restore the framework of “Strict Observance Neo-Scholasticism”. Instead, it suggests that attention needs to be given to the structure itself, to issues in fundamental theology, and the relationships or “joints” in the framework of Catholic theology, along the lines recommended by Joseph Ratzinger and others in his theological circle.

The paper presents pursuits of the truth in building materials engineering. Some definitions of “what truth is” were presented. Partial truths were specified: the truth of scientific reasoning, the truth of scientific assessment, the truth of development directions and the splendour of scientific truth. All categories are addressed to the building materials engineering. In the chapter “Load capacity and stability vs entropy” definitions of entropy and exergy were presented followed by their influence on building construction, illustrated by the “Seneca cliff” and “Energy pyramid”. Chapter 3 presents the truth of scientific reasoning was presented. Three partial truths were indicated: the truth of experimental fact, the truth of scientific reasoning and the truth of scientific presentation. In the chapter “Truth of scientific assessment” two main assessment methods were presented: peer review and a bibliometric parametric assessment as well as their impact on the results and authors. The risks associated with the sole parametric assessment were shown as the two basic factors of a parametric assessment – citation number and Hirsch index – need time to "mature". Additionally, the influence of digitalisation of the assessment of a scientist and a scientific unit on the commoditisation and dehumanisation of science was outlined. In the chapter “Truth of development directions: defined past – fuzzy future” the megatrends observed in technology in the last few decades years were indicated along with new possible trends. Milestones in the development of C-PCs (Concrete-Polymer Composites) were presented. The new paradigm for the new development cycle was proposed.

The aim of the study is to show the essential elements of theological anthropology contained in the scientific work of Fr prof. Marian Rusecki. The problem is presented and resolved in five points. The following issues were presented in turn: man created by God (1); the Christ dimension of the human person (2); Homo Paschalis (3); the anthropogenic dimension of Christianity (4) and showing the meaning of life as a task for fundamental theology (5). Rusecki’s constitutive belief, which is the core of the above anthropological themes, is that understanding the mystery of man is possible only through divine Revelation. The definitive truth about man has its source and explanation in the Logos, Jesus Christ, true God and true Man. Therefore, the professor’s anthropology can be described as theological, Christocentric and ecclesiological. Particularly interesting are the elements of paschal anthropology, in which the issue of homo Paschalis was highlighted. Rusecki’s postulate that fundamental theology even more clearly undertakes to study the issue of the meaning of life, which is crucial for man, is also reasonable.

A draft of the changes to the Polish Academy of Sciences is presented, which will increase its prestige and make better use of the scientific potential of the members of the Academy and the employees of its institutes. The proposed regulations will allow for a comprehensive activation of potential of both institutes and corporate members. The aim of reform is to make the PAS an attractive scientific institution with a focus on the pursuit of fundamental research at the highest level, and to recognize that understanding and clarification of the problem must precede possible applications.

The relevant ruling concerns discrimination based on religion, in particular the question of the incompatibility of national legislation with EU Directive 2000/78. Following a short presentation of the factual background, the opinion of the Advocate General, and the judgment of the Court, the article offers comments on questions raised in the judgment, including the direct horizontal effect of the general principle of non-discrimination. In its previous case law the Court confirmed that the principle has “the horizontal exclusion effect.” However, in Cresco Investigation the question was whether it can be the source of rights for individuals. The ECJ adopted a firm approach, ruling that the general principle of non-discrimination as enshrined in Art. 21(1) of the Charter is sufficient in itself to confer rights on individuals which can be invoked in disputes with other private parties. This means that the Court recognised “the horizontal substitution effect” of the general principle of non-discrimination, which is connected with both setting aside any discriminatory provision of national law and applying to members of the disadvantaged group the same arrangements as those enjoyed by persons in the privileged category. The possible consequences of this approach are discussed in the article.

The article considers Roman Ingarden’s fundamental questions in the context of the position called philosophical fundamentalism. It turns out that the defining feature of this position, i.e. the search for answers to the question about the conditions of validity of statements in the sphere of traditional branches of philosophy: ontology, epistemology, ethics and aesthetics, finds its counterpart in Ingarden’s ontological and epistemological assumptions in phenomenology. They guarantee the legitimacy of any other claims. Ingarden’s philosophical fundamentalism, considered here in relation to the work- ‑scheme, weakened with time, which seems to be evidenced by the author’s doubts as to the legitimacy of the existence of the sphere of ideal objects determining this work. It seems highly possible that this is Ingarden’s bow to culture, and to cultural and historical relativization of the unchanging sphere of ideal objects.

Hereby there is given the speaker identification basic system. There is discussed application and usage of the voice interfaces, in particular, speaker voice identification upon robot and human being communication. There is given description of the information system for speaker automatic identification according to the voice to apply to robotic-verbal systems. There is carried out review of algorithms and computer-aided learning libraries and selected the most appropriate, according to the necessary criteria, ALGLIB. There is conducted the research of identification model operation performance assessment at different set of the fundamental voice tone. As the criterion of accuracy there has been used the percentage of improperly classified cases of a speaker identification.

This article is an attempt to present a comprehensive view of the poetry of Józef Czechowicz in the context of Martin Heidegger's fundamental ontology. Czechowicz's poetic work, the article argues, is an exploration of mutual relations of the basic ontological categories of being and nothingness ( das Sein and das Nichts). They constitute the philosophical foundations of the purely literary tensions that can be detected in all comprehensive accounts of his work, such as the opposition of Arcadia and Catastrophy (Tadeusz Kłak) or the discussion of the ‘bright’ and the ‘dark’ strain in the poetry of the Second Avant-garde (Jerzy Kwiatkowski).