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Number of results: 5
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New model of the simulation of the airbag operation in the case of the out-of-position, occupant

Sylwester Tudruj Janusz Piechna
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2003 | vol. 50 | No 2 | 201-223
Keywords Gas dynamics influence of the environment
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Abstract

New model of the simulation of the airbag inflation process, taking into account the influence of the airbag environment on the folding process, have been proposed. Equations describing a new model and the used numerical schemes were presented. The differences of the airbag fabric skin motion during the folding process, obtained by the use of different process models (existing and proposed), have been presented on the simple geometry examples. From the analysis of obtained results one acknowledged that the proposed model should be used in all calculations of the airbag operation in non-typical situations, out-of position occupants, side airbags, particularly in the case of small distances between the closed airbag and the elements of the body of the protected person.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sylwester Tudruj
ORCID: ORCID
Janusz Piechna
ORCID: ORCID

Studying the thermo-gas-dynamic process in a muzzle brake compensator

Dung Van Nguyen Viet Quy Bui Dung Thai Nguyen Quyen Si Uong Hieu Tu Truong
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 70 | No 2 | 311-328 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2023.145584
Keywords thermo-gas dynamic muzzle device muzzle brake compensator automatic gun
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Abstract

To reduce the recoil and improve the stability of small arms, a muzzle brake compensator is attached to the muzzle of the barrel. This device uses the kinetic energy of the powder gas escaping from the bore after the bullet is fired. In this paper, the authors present the determination of the thermo-gas-dynamic model of the operation of a muzzle brake compensator and an example of calculating this type of muzzle device for the AK assault rifle using 7.62x39 mm ammunition. The results of the calculation allowed for obtaining the parameters of the powder gas flow in the process of flowing out of the muzzle device, as well as the change in the momentum of the powder gas's impact on the muzzle device. The model proposed in the article provides the basis for a quantitative evaluation of the effectiveness of using the muzzle device in stabilizing infantry weapons when firing.
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Bibliography

[1] V.V. Alferov. Design and Calculation of Automatic Weapons. Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1977 (in Russian).
[2] M. Stiavnicky and P. Lisy. Influence of barrel vibration on the barrel muzzle position at the moment when bullet exits barrel. Advances in Military Technology, 8(1):89–102, 2013.
[3] D.M. Hung. Study on the dynamics of the AGS-17 30mm grenade launcher and the effect of some structural factors on gun stability when fired. PhD Thesis, Military Technical Academy, Hanoi, 2016 (in Vietnamese).
[4] J. Balla. Contribution to determining of load generated by shooting from automatic weapons. International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT), pages 1–6, Brno, Czech Republic, 30-31 May 2019. doi: 10.1109/MILTECHS.2019.8870116.
[5] V.B. Vo, J. Balla, H.M. Dao, H.T. Truong, D.V. Nguyen, and T.V. Tran. Firing stability of automatic grenade launcher mounted on tripod. International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT), pages 1–8, Brno, Czech Republic, August 2021. doi: 10.1109/ICMT52455.2021.9502836.
[6] M. Macko, B.V. Vo, and Q.A. Mai. Dynamics of short recoil-operated weapon. Problems of Mechatronics. Armament, Aviation, Safety Engineering, 12(3):9–26, 2021. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.2432.
[7] N.T. Dung, N.V. Dung, T.V. Phuc, and D.D. Linh. biomechanical analysis of the shooter-weapon system oscillation. International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT), Brno, Czech Republic, pages 48–53, 2017. doi: 10.1109/MILTECHS.2017.7988729.
[8] V.B. Vo, M. Macko, and H.M. Dao. Experimental study of automatic weapon vibrations when burst firing. Problems of Mechatronics. Armament, Aviation, Safety Engineering, 12(4):9–28, 2012. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.5984.
[9] T.D. Van, T.L. Minh, D.N. Thai, D.T. Cong, and P.V. Minh. The application of the design of the experiment to investigate the stability of special equipment. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 2022: 8562602, 2022. doi: 10.1155/2022/8562602.
[10] Instructions on shooting. Gun shooting basics. 7.62 mm Modernized Kalashnikov assault rifle (AKM and AKMS), 7.62 mm Kalashnikov light machine gun (RPK and RPKS), 7.62 mm Kalashnikov machine gun (PK, PKS, PKB and PKT), 9 mm Makarov pistol. Hand grenades. Military Publishing House of the USSR Ministry of Defense, 1973 (in Russian).
[11] D.N. Zhukov, V.V. Chernov, and M.V. Zharkov. Development of an algorithm for calculating muzzle devices in the CFD package, Fundamentals of ballistic design. All-Russian Scientific and Technical Conference, St. Petersburg, pages 126-129, 2012. (in Russian).
[12] R. Cayzac, E. Carette, and T. Alziary de Roquefort. 3D unsteady intermediate ballistics modelling: Muzzle brake and sabot separation, In Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Ballistics, New Orleans, LA, USA, pages 423–430, 2008.
[13] J.S. Li, M. Qiu, Z.Q. Liao, D.P. Xian, and J. Song. Dynamic modeling and simulation of Gatling gun with muzzle assistant-rotating and recoil absorber. Acta Armamentarii, 35(9):1344–1349, 2014. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-1093.2014.09.003.
[14] N.A. Konovalov, O.V. Pilipenko, Yu.A. Kvasha, G.A. Polyakov, A.D. Skorik, and V.I. Kovalenko. On thermo-gas-dynamic processes in devices for reducing the sound level of a small arms shot. Technical Mechanics, pp. 69-81, 2011 (in Russian).
[15] E.N. Patrikov. Mathematical modeling of the functioning process of service weapons in the mode of non-lethal action. Technical Sciences, News of TulGU, pp. 33-39, 2012 (in Russian).
[16] X.Y. Zhao, K.D. Zhou, L. He, Y. Lu, J. Wang, and Q. Zheng. Numerical simulation and experiment on impulse noise in a small caliber rifle with muzzle brake. Shock and Vibration, 2019: 5938034, 2019. doi: 10.1155/2019/5938034.
[17] P.F. Li and X.B. Zhang. Numerical research on adverse effect of muzzle flow formed by muzzle brake considering secondary combustion. Defence Technology, 17(4):1178–1189, 2021. doi: 10.1016/j.dt.2020.06.019.
[18] H.H. Zhang, Z.H. Chen, X.H. Jiang, and H.Zh. Li. Investigations on the exterior flow field and the efficiency of the muzzle brake. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 27: 95–101, 2013. doi: 10.1007/s12206-012-1223-8.
[19] I. Semenov, P. Utkin, I. Akhmedyanov, I. Menshov, and P. Pasynkov. Numerical investigation of near-muzzle blast levels for perforated muzzle brake using high performance computing. International Conference "Parallel and Distributed Computing Systems" PDCS 2013, pages 281–289, Ukraine, Kharkiv, March 13-14, 2013. (in Russian).
[20] S.Q. Uong. Investigating the effect of gas compensator combined with brake device on the stability of automatic hand-held weapons when firing in series by experiment. Military Technical and Technological Science Research, 23:80–83, 2008. (in Vietnamese).
[21] L.E. Mikhailov. Designs of Small Automatic Arms Weapons. Central Research Institute of Information, USSR, 1984. (in Russian).
[22] Theory and Calculation of Automatic Weapons. V.M. Kirillov (editor). Penza: PVAIU, 1973. (in Russian).
[23] V.I. Kulagin and V.I. Cherezov. Gas Dynamics of Automatic Weapons. Central Research Institute of Information, USSR, 1985. (in Russian).
[24] Yu.P. Platonov. Thermo-gas-dynamics of Automatic Weapons. Mechanical Engineering, USSR, 2009. (in Russian).
[25] M.I. Gurevich. Theory of Jets of an Ideal Fluid. Fizmatgiz, USSR, 1961. (in Russian).
[26] Guiding Technical Material, Small Arms, Methods of Thermo-Gas-Dynamic Calculations. RTM-611-74, 1975. (in Russian).
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Authors and Affiliations

Dung Van Nguyen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Viet Quy Bui
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dung Thai Nguyen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Quyen Si Uong
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hieu Tu Truong
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Faculty of Special Equipment, Le Quy Don Technical University, Hanoi, Vietnam

Numerical simulation of piston ring pack operation with regard to ring twist effects

Andrzej Wolff Janusz Piechna
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2007 | vol. 54 | No 1 | 65-99 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2007.131545
Keywords hydrodynamics gas dynamics oil consumption elastic contact surface roughness piston engines
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Abstract

The motion of a ring pack on a thin film covering a cylinder liner has been analysed. In contrast to the previous papers [30], [31], which considered a primary hydrodynamic phenomena (including mixed lubrication), in the present paper an additional degree of freedom of a ring i.e. a twist motion is also taken into account. Equations describing the twist of rings are presented and used in simulation. The twist phenomena of a single ring have been analysed in the past [25]. In this paper, the twist effects of separate rings forming a ring pack are considered. In the pack configuration, the twist of the upstream ring strongly influences the operation of the downstream ring. The phenomenon commonly treated as secondary effect seems to be influencing the ring motion strongly. Differences between results obtained applying and neglecting ring twist motion are analysed and discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Wolff
Janusz Piechna

A data assimilation approach for estimating strength of steel pipes reinforced with composite sleeves under unsteady pressure-flow conditions

Maciej Witek Ferdinand Uilhoorn
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2020 | vol. 41 | No 4 | 3-22 | DOI: 10.24425/ather.2020.135852
Keywords Pipe wall metal loss Composite sleeve Pipe fracture Gas dynamics Data assimilation
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Abstract

The aim of this paper is twofold: to estimate the unsteady pressure-flow variations in gas transmission pipelines using the ensemblebased data assimilation approach and to analyse the strength of steel tubes reinforced with composite sleeves containing localized part-wall thickness loss caused by corrosion while taking into consideration a safe operating pressure of the pipeline. For a steel thin-walled cylinder containing a partwall metal loss, a flexible wrap of fibreglass as well as carbon glass with epoxy resin are determined. The strength of the repaired pipeline with two kinds of materials for sleeves is investigated taking into consideration the internal pressure at the defect location. For the case study, a section of the Yamal transit pipeline on the Polish territory is selected. The results enable pipeline operators to evaluate the strength of corroded steel pipelines and develop optimal repair activities, which are of vital importance for the maintenance and operation of underground steel networks.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Witek
Ferdinand Uilhoorn

Experimental study of dispersed flow in the thermopressor of the intercooling system for marine and stationary power plants compressors

Dmytro Konovalov Halina Kobalava Mykola Radchenko Terese Løvås Anatoliy Pavlenko Roman Radchenko Andrii Radchenko
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2024 | 72 | 1 | e148439 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2023.148439
Keywords energy efficiency power plant thermo-gas-dynamic effect compressor contact cooling
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Abstract

This study investigates the use of a thermopressor to achieve highly dispersed liquid atomization, with a primary focus on its application in enhancing contact cooling systems of the cyclic air for gas turbines. The use of a thermopressor results in a substantial reduction in the average droplet diameter, specifically to less than 25 μm, within the dispersed flow. Due to practically instantaneous evaporation of highly atomized liquid droplets in accelerated superheated air the pressure drop is reduced to minimum. A further increase of the air pressure takes place in diffuser. In its turn, this allows for the compensation of hydraulic pressure losses in the air path, thereby reducing compressive work. Experimental data uncover a significant decrease in the average droplet diameter, with reductions ranging from 20 to 30 µm within the thermopressor due to increased flow turbulence and intense evaporation. The minimum achievable droplet diameter is as low as 15 µm and accompanied by a notable increase in the fraction of small droplets (less than 25 µm) to 40–60%. Furthermore, the droplet distribution becomes more uniform, with the absence of large droplets exceeding 70 µm in diameter. Increasing the water flow during injection has a positive impact on the number of smaller droplets, particularly those around 25 μm, which is advantageous for contact cooling. The use of the thermopressor method for cooling cyclic air provides maximum protection to blade surfaces against drop-impact erosion, primarily due to the larger number of droplets with diameters below 25 μm. These findings underline the potential of a properly configured thermopressor to improve the efficiency of contact cooling systems in gas turbines, resulting in improved performance and reliability in power generation applications. The hydrodynamic principles explored in this study may have wide applications in marine and stationary power plants based on gas and steam turbines, gas and internal combustion engines.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dmytro Konovalov
1
Halina Kobalava
2
Mykola Radchenko
3
Terese Løvås
1
Anatoliy Pavlenko
4
ORCID: ORCID
Roman Radchenko
3
Andrii Radchenko
3
  1. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1a, Trøndelag, Trondheim, 7034, Norway
  2. Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Avenue Ushakov 44, Kherson, 73003, Ukraine
  3. Admiral Makarov National University of Shipbuilding, Machine Building Institute, Avenue 9, 54025 Mykolayiv, Ukraine
  4. Kielce University of Technology, Aleja Tysiaclecia Panstwa Polskiego 7, Kielce, 25-314, Poland

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