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Number of results: 5
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Proposed genotype definition of Porcine sapelovirus

T. Yang Y. Lu L. Zhang
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2021 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 307-312 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.137667
Keywords Porcine sapelovirus genotype phylogenetic and genetic analyses
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Abstract

Conventionally, Porcine sapelovirus (PSV) has been considered to comprise a single geno- type, PSV-1; however, a potentially novel member of PSV was recently discovered. In the present study, we propose a genotype definition of PSV based on phylogenetic and genetic analyses of the polyprotein, P1, and VP1 genes of available PSV sequences. Two genotypes, with pro- posed names PSV-1 and PSV-2, were identified. Moreover, the cut-off values (number of diffe- rences per site between amino acid sequences) for the definition of genotypes were established to be 0.1115 (polyprotein), 0.176 (P1), and 0.272 (VP1). The findings of this study are expected to enrich knowledge of PSV classification.
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Authors and Affiliations

T. Yang
1
Y. Lu
1
L. Zhang
1
  1. College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China

Analysis of trait stability of soybean cultivated under various environmental conditions

Katarzyna Rymuza Elżbieta Radzka
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 59 | 1-7 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.147222
Keywords cultivar environment genotype-by-environment interaction soybean soybean yield yield components
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Abstract

Soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) yielding potential depends on environmental conditions (precipitation, temperature, soil). The aim of the work was to evaluate stability of yielding (and other traits) of three soybean cultivars (Abelina, SG Anser, Merlin) grown under the climatic conditions of central-eastern Poland. The studied material was obtain in a field experiment conducted at Łączka (52°15' N, 21°95' E) during the growing seasons of 2017–2019. Trait stability was determined based on Shukla’s genotype stability variance and Wricke’s ecovalence describing the genotype-by-environment interaction. For all the examined parameters, there were found significant differences between successive growing seasons, cultivars, and cultivars within study years. The greatest influence of environmental conditions (years) was determined for plant height (64%) and first pod height (54.2%). Stability parameters indicated that cv. Abelina was the most stable in terms of yielding, 1000 seed weight, seed number per pod and average seed number per pod, cv. SG Anser being the least stable in this respect
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Rymuza
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elżbieta Radzka
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Siedlce, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences 14 Prusa St., 08-110 Siedlce, Poland

Incidence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli of avifauna origin in Pakistan

M.A. Saeed U. Waheed S. Ehtisham-ul-Haque A.U. Khan M. Kashif M.F. Qamar A. Ghafoor M. Saqlain J. Asghar
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 1 | 47-55 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145006
Keywords ESBL genotypic characterization Salmonella enterica Escherichia coli avifauna Pakistan
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Abstract

Members of Enterobacteriaceae are known to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) which hydrolyze the beta-lactam group of antibiotics. The existence of ESBL-producing Salmonella enterica ( S. enterica) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli) harbored by urban avifauna was investigated in this study. Dropping samples (n= 180) were collected from six different bird species in the district Jhang, Punjab province, Pakistan. Isolation and identification of ESBL isolates were made by using cefotaxime- (4 mg/L) supplemented MacConkey agar and double disc synergy test (DDST). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for the detection of four different ESBL genes including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla SHV and bla OXA. A total of 42.69% isolates were confirmed as ESBL via DDST including 30.64% S. enterica and 49.54% E. coli. The incidence of ESBL S. enterica and ESBL E. coli was found highest in egret ( Ardea alba) and pigeon ( Columba livia) as 64.28% and 78.95%, respectively. The bla CTX-M gene was detected in 57.89% and 64.81% of isolates of S. enterica and E. coli, respectively. Among other genes in S. enterica and E. coli, bla TEM (21.05%, 20.4%); bla SHV (15.78%, 9.26%), and bla OXA (5.26%, 5.56%) were detected, respectively. All of the tested isolates were found resistant to at least one of the thirteen antimicrobial agents except meropenem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the incidence and genetic diversity of ESBL bacteria associated with urban avifauna in Pakistan. The urban avifauna can serve as a potential subject of bio-surveillance to monitor the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.
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Authors and Affiliations

M.A. Saeed
1
U. Waheed
1
S. Ehtisham-ul-Haque
1
A.U. Khan
1
M. Kashif
2
M.F. Qamar
1
A. Ghafoor
3
M. Saqlain
1
J. Asghar
1
  1. Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Campus, 12-Km Chiniot Road, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
  2. Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, CVAS Campus, 12-Km Chiniot Road, Jhang, 35200, Pakistan
  3. Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Outfall Road, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan

S1 gene based phylogeny of Israel variant-2 infectious bronchitis virus isolated in Turkey in a five year period

İ.B. Müştak H.K. Müştak N. Bilgen
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 1 | 45-50 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140839
Keywords broilers genotyping infectious bronchitis virus molecular epidemiology Israel variant 2
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Abstract

Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an important disease that causes severe economic loses in the poultry industry worldwide. Furthermore, the spread of new variants poses a challenge for diagnosis and control of the disease. This study investigated the situation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), specifically the Israel variant-2 (IS var-2) also known as GI-23 genotype, in Turkey. Between 2014 and 2019, 214 flocks vaccinated against H120 from Marmara, Western Black Sea, and Inner Anatolia were examined, with 127 (59.3%) flocks testing positive for IBV, of which 92 (72.4%) were positive for IS var-2. Of the latter samples, 60 were randomly selected and subjected to full S1 gene sequencing. The analysis indicated that the field strain in Turkey was located on the same branch as the GI-23 genotype, which is one of the most frequently observed wild-type cluster found in the Middle East. The DNA similarities between the GI-23 isolates from 2014 to 2019 were 99%. In conclusion, the IS var-2 genotype has been circulating in broiler flocks in Turkey. It is recommended that establishing the vaccine strategy it should be considered the current circulating strains for the prevention and control of the disease among poultry.
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Authors and Affiliations

İ.B. Müştak
1
H.K. Müştak
1
N. Bilgen
2
  1. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, İrfan Baştuğ street, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, İrfan Baştuğ street, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey

Comparative analysis of CpG islands in two genotypes of African swine fever virus

Y.-Y. Yu M.-S. X Q. Liu
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 3 | 455-462 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.142030
Keywords African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV) genotype DNA methylation CpG island
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Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, hemorrhagic, and devastating viral infectious disease that causes important economic losses to the swine industry. Currently, there are no effective vaccines or drugs available. Epigenetic mechanisms, especially cytosine methylation of cytosine- -phosphate-guanine (CpG) islands, have a significant impact on the life cycle of several viruses. Hence, drugs targeting DNA methylation may potentially be used for the treatment of ASF. Here, we selected the inner core, core shell, inner membrane, capsid, and external envelope membrane, to analyze the characteristics of CpG islands in the ASF virus (ASFV) genomes. Furthermore, we analyzed the promoters and CpG islands in the upstream regions of these genes. Results showed that the CpG islands of seven genes were conserved in the genomes of two genotype of ASFV strains, whereas the CpG islands of other genes were relatively conserved (ASFV strains differed mainly in the quantity of CpG islands). The different distribution of CpG islands in the genomes of different ASFV strains may affect their methylation status, which may in turn affect the regulation of viral gene expression, leading to different clinical outcomes. In addition, the predicted promoter regions based on the upstream sequences of most genes overlapped with CpG island positions. Methylation of the binding sites of the promoter regions inhibits the binding of the transcription factors to the promoters, thus inhibiting the activation of the promoters and limiting the synthesis of viral proteins. The results of this study provide a basis for exploring new antiviral therapeutic strategies from an epigenetic perspective.
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Authors and Affiliations

Y.-Y. Yu
1
M.-S. X
2
Q. Liu
1
  1. Nanchong Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention, Control and Detection in Livestock and Poultry, Nanchong Vocational and Technical College, Nanchong 637131, China
  2. Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Wanzhou 404155, China

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