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Abstract

A numerical model of the high-speed train carriage fire is established in this study. The influence of ceilings, sidewalls, luggage racks, seats, and floors on the heat release rate (HRR) of the high-speed train is studied by numerical methods. The results indicate that the heat release rate per unit area (HRRPUA) of ceiling and seat material dramatically influences the peak HRR and the time to peak HRR of train carriage fire. When the peak HRRPUA of interior ceiling material 1 decreases from 326 to 110 kW/m2, the peak HRR of the high-speed train fire decreases from 36.4 to 16.5 MW, with a reduction ratio of 54.7%. When seat materials with low HRRPUA are used, the peak HRR reduction ratio is 44.8%. The HRRPUA of the sidewall, luggage rack, and floor materials has little effect on the peak HRR of the carriage fire. However, the non-combustible luggage rack can delay the time when the HRR reaches its peak.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yuanlong Zhou
1
Haiquan Bi
2
Honglin Wang
2

  1. University of Science and Technology of China, State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
  2. Southwest Jiaotong University, School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu 610031, China
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Abstract

The high-speed of train (HST) in combination with the high carrier frequency of HST systems leads to the severe inter carrier interference (ICI) in the HST orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (HST-OFDM) systems. To avoid the complexity in OFDM receiver design for ICI eliminations, the OFDM system parameters such as symbol duration, signal bandwidth, and the number of subcarriers should be chosen appropriately. This paper aims to propose a process of HSTOFDM system performance investigation to determine these parameters in order to enhance spectral efficiency and meet a given quality-of-service (QoS) level. The signal-to-interferenceplus- noise ratio (SINR) has been used as a figure of merit to analyze the system performance instead of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as most of recent research studies. Firstly, using the nonstationary geometry-based stochastic HST channel model, the SINR of each subcarrier has been derived for different speeds of the train, signal bandwidths, and number of subcarriers. Consequently, the system capacity has been formulated as the sum of all the single channel capacity from each sub-carrier. The constraints on designing HST-OFDM system parameters have been thoughtfully analyzed using the obtained expressions of SINR and capacity. Finally, by analyzing the numerical results, the system parameters can be found for the design of HSTOFDM systems under different speeds of train. The proposed process can be used to provide hints to predict performance of HST communication systems before doing further high cost implementations as hardware designs.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Do Viet Ha
1
Trinh Thi Huong
1
Nguyen Thanh Hai
1

  1. Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Transport and Communications (UTC), Hanoi, Vietnam
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Abstract

The underframe passive inerter-based suspended device, based on the inerter-spring-damper vibration attenuation structure, could improve the dynamic performance of the train body, but its parameters are fixed and cannot meet the dynamic performance requirements under different operating conditions. Therefore, a semi-active inerter-based suspended device based on the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control strategy is proposed to further enhance the dynamic performance. The rigid-flexible coupling vertical dynamic model of the train body and an underframe semi-active inerter-based suspended device are established. The structural parameters of the semi-active inerter-based suspended device are adjusted using LQR control strategy. Dynamic response of the system is obtained using the virtual excitation method. The dynamic characteristic of the system is evaluated using the Sperling index and compared with those of the passive and semi-active traditional suspended devices as well as the passive inerter-based suspended devices. The vertical vibration acceleration of the train body and Sperling index using the semi-active inerter-based suspended device is the smallest among the four suspended devices, which denotes the advantages of using the inerter and LQR control strategy. The semi-active inerter-based suspended device could decrease the vertical vibration acceleration of the train body and further suppress its elastic vibration in the lower frequency band, more effectively than the other three suspended devices. Overall, the semi-active inerter-based suspended device could significantly reduce elastic vibration of the train body and improve its dynamical performance.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yong Wang
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Hao-Xuan Li
2
Hao-Dong Meng
3
Yang Wang
1

  1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
  2. Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
  3. School of Automotive Engineering, Changzhou Institute of Technology, Changzhou 213002, China

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