Abstract
In the present article the author describes the issue of relation between Synagogue and
Church in the context of Johannine writings. The author makes analysis of the Johannine
texts in order to show the traces of polemic between Judaism and Christianity. He shows the
hostility between Synagogue and Church in the light of terms like aposunagōgos, “Jews”
and other polemical expressions which occur in the Gospel of John, in the Letters of John
and the Book of Revelation. The author tries to answer the question of how Sitz im Leben
of the Johannine writings influences their content. The analysis of Jewish and Christian
sources shows the tension and hostility between Rabbinic Judaism and Johannine Community
after the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple. It leads to gradual separation between
Synagogue and Church. In this article there are shown the reasons for the parting of the
ways between Judaism and Christianity and its meaning for the contemporary dialogue
between Synagogue and Church.
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