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Influence of Advanced Oxidation Processes on Toxicity of Leachate from Sanitary Landfill

Katarzyna Kaczorek Stanisław Ledakowicz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2003 | vol. 29 | No 3 | 31-38
Keywords leachate toxicity Advanced oxidation processes
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Abstract

The paper presents the toxicity changes of landfill leachate during landfill processes simulation as well as after Advanced Oxidation Processes implementation to the leachate. A bioluminescence toxicity test Toxalert®10 with the pure cultures of Vibrio fischeri was used. The significant difference in the leachate toxicity originating from acidogenic landfill phase in comparison to the methanogenic phase was noticed. The leachate ozonation led to the toxicity reductions. The hydrogen peroxide application caused the toxicity increase and slowed down the landfill processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Kaczorek
Stanisław Ledakowicz

Comparison of Landfill Leachate Treatment Efficiency Using the Advanced Oxidation Processes

Barbara Pieczykolan Izabela Płonka Krzysztof Barbusiński Magdalena Amalio-Kosel
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2013 | vol. 39 | No 2 | DOI: 10.2478/aep-2013-0016
Keywords Landfill leachate Advanced oxidation processes Fenton reagent
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Abstract

Treatment of leachate from an exploited since 2004 landfill by using two methods of advanced oxidation processes was performed. Fenton’s reagent with two different doses of hydrogen peroxide and iron and UV/H2O2 process was applied. The removal efficiency of biochemically oxidizable organic compounds (BOD5), chemically oxidizable compounds using potassium dichromate (CODCr) and nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) was examined. Studies have shown that the greatest degree of organic compounds removal expressed as a BOD5 index and CODCr index were obtained when Fenton’s reagent with greater dose of hydrogen peroxide was used - efficiency was respectively 72.0% and 69.8%. Moreover, in this case there was observed an increase in the value of ratio of BOD5/CODCr in treated leachate in comparison with raw leachate. Application of Fenton’s reagent for leachate treatment also allowed for more effective removal of nutrients in comparison with the UV/H2O2 process.

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Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Pieczykolan
Izabela Płonka
Krzysztof Barbusiński
Magdalena Amalio-Kosel

Technological and Toxicological Aspects of the Coagulation of Leachates from Municipal Solid Waste Landfill

Jacek Wąsowski Bożenna Słomczyńska Tomasz Słomczyński
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2006 | vol. 32 | No 2 | 41 - 54
Keywords MSW landfill leachates coagulation toxicity battery of tests
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Abstract

Lcachates from municipal solid waste landfills should be included in the group of strongly contaminated industrial wastewaters. This results form the presence of highly concentrated various organic and inorganic compounds, which frequently have toxic properties. Therefore, the proper purification of the leachates prior to their discharging to the environment is of great importance. One of the chemical methods that can be used for the purification of leachates is coagulation. The main objective of the experiments presented in the current study was to determine the effect of coagulation, combined with sedimentation, on the physicchemical and toxicological characteristics of leachates from one of a municipal solid waste landfill in Poland. Standard .jar-test" experiments were employed for coagulation. Polyaluminum chloride and ferric chloride were used as coagulants. Raw leachates as well as those after coagulation were tested for toxicity using a battery of tests embracing algal growth inhibition test, microbiotests and IQ Toxicity Tests with crustaceans and bacterial luminescence inhibition test (LUM!Stox). The studies carried out demonstrated that ferric chloride (0.92 g Fc3·/CODc, removed) is more effective technologically in the removal of organic compounds from lcachates than polyaluminum chloride (1.22 g AP'/CODc, removed). For optimal doses of coagulants the most advantageous coagulation effects were achieved at pH 6.5-6.6, adjusted with the use of NaOH. Coagulation conducted under optimal conditions allows for reducing the content of organic compounds, as expressed by CODc, values, from 40 to 84%. This effect of organic compound removal from leachatcs in the process of coagulation did not result in significant decrease of their toxicity, For the above reasons the coagulation process can be useful only as one of the clements· of a technological setup for the purification of leachates from municipal solid waste landfills. The battery of tests used in the studies proved usefulness for the evaluation of the toxicity of leachatcs with varied degree of contamination as well as at various stages of their purification.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Wąsowski
Bożenna Słomczyńska
Tomasz Słomczyński

Landfill Leachate Treatment Using Constructed Wetland with Short Detention Time

Włodzimierz A. Wójcik
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2010 | vol. 36 | No 3 | 51-58
Keywords Constructed wetland landfill leachate leachate treatment reed cattail willowleaf sunflower detention time
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Abstract

The paper presents results obtained during experiments with constructed wetlands that were built and monitored on the site of a municipal landfill in Southern Poland. The wetland was filled with gravel and rock in which reeds, cattails and willow were planted. A control plot without vegetation was also constructed. Each wetland was loaded with a portion of the leachate generated by the landfill. Measurements of the leachate quality showed very high concentrations of several pollutants. Particularly high concentrations of BOD, COD, nitrogen, and heavy metals were measured. High pollutant levels were probably responsible for the demise of the willows, which were dead within several months of planting. The efficiency of pollution removal with detention time up to 24 h ranged from O to 87% based on decreasing concentration of selected parameters. However, the removal efficiency of the control plot was typically only several percent lower than the removal efficiencies of the plots with vegetation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Włodzimierz A. Wójcik

Separation of Contaminants in The Freeze/Thaw Process

Janusz A. Szpaczyński Jeffrey A. White Caroline L. Côté
Chemical and Process Engineering | 2017 | vol. 38 | No 2 | 249-264 | DOI: 10.1515/cpe-2017-0019
Keywords freeze crystallization snow metamorphism landfill leachate wastewater sludge dewatering
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Abstract

These studies examined the concept of concentration and purification of several types of wastewater by freezing and thawing. The experiments demonstrated that freezing of contaminated liquid contributed to concentration of contaminants in solution as well as significant concentration and agglomeration of solid particles. A high degree of purification was achieved for many parameters. The results of comparative laboratory tests for single and multiple freezing are presented. It was found that there was a higher degree of concentration of pollutants in wastewater frozen as man-made snow than in bulk ice. Furthermore, the hypothesis that long storage time of liquid as snow and sufficient temperature gradient metamorphism allows for high efficiency of the concentration process was confirmed. It was reported that the first 30% of the melted liquid volume contained over 90% of all impurities. It gives great opportunities to use this method to concentrate pollutants. The results revealed that the application of this process in full scale is possible. Significant agglomeration of solid particles was also noted. Tests with clay slurry showed that repeated freezing and thawing processes significantly improve the characteristics of slurry for sedimentation and filtration.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz A. Szpaczyński
Jeffrey A. White
Caroline L. Côté

Environmental hazards of the metallurgical wastes dumping sites - barium and arsenic ions elimination with ionits. = Zagrożenie środowiska przez składowiska odpadów metalurgicznych - eliminacja jonów baru i arsenu za pomocą jonitów

Stanisława Sanak-Rydlewska Agnieszka Gala Łukasz Wajda
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management | 2011 | No 2 | 79-88
Keywords dumping sites metallurgical wastes ion-exchangers leachate solutions
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Abstract

The paper presents an impact of the metallurgical wastes dumping site on the following parts of the environment: air, soil and surface waters. Some of the methods used to prevent wastes interactions were showed. The results of the metallurgical wastes leachate samples research, in which toxic metal ions have been found, are presented results of examinations performed on water extracts derived from two types of metallurgical wastes were given. The chemical analysis of water extracts indicate exceeded concentration of toxic metals, such as: lead, arsenic, barium and others. Preliminary results of some metals elimination from the water extracts with PUROLITE ion-exchangers were also presented. The utilised acidous cationit with Na+ groups exchanges the Ba2+ ions in almost 90%, similar to S 930 ionit with chelating groups (Table 5 and 7). Whereas the anionit with hydroxyl groups removes the arsenic ions(V) from the solution with the 60% efficacy (Table 7).

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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisława Sanak-Rydlewska
Agnieszka Gala
Łukasz Wajda

Characteristics of fulvic acids generated in communes waste landfills

Tomasz Orliński Anna M. Anielak
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2021 | vol. 47 | No 1 | 41-52
Keywords humic acids fulvic acids landfill leachate humic substances
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Abstract

The leachate problem is important and difficult to solve in Poland and in the world. The composition and their properties leachates depend on the age of the landfill, type of waste, climatic conditions and the mode of operation of the landfill. A significant part of landfilled waste is subject to so-called humification. This process stabilizes organic substances in the landfill and creates humic substances that penetrate into the leachate. The leaks contain many toxic impurities, such as PAHs, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and other substances hazardous to human health and life, which can be sorbed by humic substances. Leachates from three municipal landfills, differing in the characteristics of the stored waste, were studied. Fulvic acids (FAs) were extracted on the basis of affinity for specific solvents along with the use of sorption. The obtained acids were subjected to a qualitative analysis of the content of micro-impurities, essential elements forming the structure of the fulvic acid molecule, and their infrared spectra were tested. It has been noticed that with the age of waste deposited, the content of elemental carbon increases, and the amount of oxygen and hydrogen decreases. The degree of purity of fulvic acids was influenced by the time of waste storage, and the sulfur content depended on their characteristics. With the time of waste storage, the characteristics of the acids obtained were approaching humic acids, and the intensity of absorption bands clearly increased. The spectra obtained correlate well with those of fulvic acids available in the literature, and the findings provide scientific confirmation of the need for further research on the characteristics of fulvic acids.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Orliński
1
Anna M. Anielak
1
  1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Water Supply and Environmental Protection, Cracow University of Technology, Poland

Microbiological treatment of post-industrial water: Example of efficient bioremediation of the heavily polluted Kalina pond, Poland

Katarzyna Starzec Emilia Stańkowska Paulina Supel Robert Mazur Piotr Surma Paweł Kaszycki
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2024 | No 60 | 236-245 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2024.149125
Keywords autochthonous strains bioremediation landfill leachate phenol revitalisation water treatment
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Abstract

The Kalina pond has been well known as a severely degraded area in the Silesia region, Poland. The environmental deterioration results from high contamination of water and bottom sediments with recalcitrant and toxic organic compounds, mainly phenol. The study was aimed at developing a bioremediation-based approach suitable for this type of polluted areas, involving microbiological treatment of water as a key and integral part of other necessary actions: mechanical interventions and the use of physical methods. During the initial biological treatment stage, autochthonous microorganisms were isolated from contaminated samples of water, soil and sediment, then subjected to strong selective pressure by incubation with the pollutants, and finally, cultivated to form a specialised microbial consortium consisting of five extremophilic bacterial strains. Consortium propagation and its biodegradation activity were optimised under variant conditions enabling bacteria to proliferate and to obtain high biomass density at large volumes allowing for the in situ application. After installing aeration systems in the pond, the consortium was surface-sprinkled to launch bioremediation and then both bacterial frequency and the contaminant level was systematically monitored. The complex remediation strategy proved efficient and was implemented on an industrial scale enabling successful remedial of the affected site. Treatment with the specifically targeted and adapted microbial consortium allowed for removal of most organic pollutants within a four-month season of 2022: the chemical oxygen demand (COD) value decreased by 72%, polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) level by 97%, while the content of total phenols and other monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) dropped below the detection thresholds.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Starzec
1
ORCID: ORCID
Emilia Stańkowska
2
Paulina Supel
1
ORCID: ORCID
Robert Mazur
3
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Surma
2
Paweł Kaszycki
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. University of Agriculture in Kraków, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland
  2. Remea Sp. z o. o., ul. Bonifraterska 17, 00-203 Warszawa, Poland
  3. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Geodesy and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Protection and Landscaping, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland

Kinetic Constants of Decomposition of the Municipal Solid Waste Prior to and after Mechanical-Biological Processing. Field Scale / Stałe Kinetyczne Rozkładu Zmieszanych Odpadów Komunalnych Przed I Po Mechaniczno-Biologicznym Przetworzeniu. Skala Polowa

Monika Suchowska-Kisielewicz Sylwia Myszograj Andrzej Jędrczak
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2012 | vol. 38 | No 4 | DOI: 10.2478/v10265-012-0041-5
Keywords Landfills leachate Municipal solid waste mechanical-biological treatment rate constants decomposition
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Abstract

One of the major tasks of municipal waste management in European Union countries is the systematic reduction of waste that is removed and transported to landfills. This refers particularly to biodegradable waste. One of the methods employed to decrease waste amount is Mechanical-Biological Treatment (MBT) of the waste, before it is stored.

The article presents characteristics of MSW and biologically pre-treated municipal solid waste, organic carbon loads emitted in biogas and leachate during waste deposition in a landfill. Its decomposition rate constants were determined on the basis of modified Zacharof and Butler’s stochastic model. The values of decomposition rate constants determined for MSW had similar change trends to those presented in the literature: the hydrolysis constant had the lowest value (2.6 × 10-5 d-1), the highest acid phase constant (4.1 × 10-4 d-1), while the methane phase constant - 2.2 × 10-4 d-1. The PMSW decomposition rate constants in each anaerobic waste degradation phase had similar change trends, though their values were higher, by 21, 11 and 19%, respectively.

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Authors and Affiliations

Monika Suchowska-Kisielewicz
Sylwia Myszograj
Andrzej Jędrczak

Influence of Ozonation on Leachate Quality from Landfills with Different Degrees of Solid Waste Pre-Treatment

Magdalena Lebiocka Agnieszka Montusiewicz Małgorzata Pawłowska Janusz Ozonek Ewa Szkutnik Marcin Rosłan
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2008 | vol. 34 | No 3 | 63-70
Keywords landfill leachate ozonation BOD5 COD heavy metals waste pre-treatment
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Abstract

Landfilling is the main method of waste disposal in Poland as well as in most countries all over the world. Leachate originating during waste deposition may be a source of ground water pollution. The aim of the paper was to characterize and compare the composition of leachate originating from three landfills in Lublin Province (Poland) and differing in their methods of waste pre-treatment. Ozonation was used in the initial trials to treat landfill leachate. Experiments were carried out to determine whether ozonation using a single dose of 1.8 gO,lm3 has the same effect on the efficiency of organic removal from leachates characterized by different ages and degrees of solid waste pretreatment. From analyses (BOD5, COD, N-NH,, heavy metals) it was concluded, that excluding some fractions (glass, paper, plastics, aluminum, fine organic fraction) from the waste mass affects the leachate quality. The studied oxidizing method was found to influence the BOD5 and COD levels
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Lebiocka
Agnieszka Montusiewicz
Małgorzata Pawłowska
Janusz Ozonek
Ewa Szkutnik
Marcin Rosłan

Heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in leachates from autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion as a potential threat to the environment in north-eastern Poland

Dariusz Boruszko Ada Wojciula
Studia Quaternaria | 2022 | vol. 39 | No 1 | 15-22 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2022.140882
Keywords heavy metals biodegradation polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons leachates autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion
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Abstract

This paper presents the concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heavy metals in leachates from the autothermal thermophilic aerobic digestion (ATAD). The leachates from ATAD installations (Dąbrowa Białostocka, Hajnówka, Pisz, Olecko, Giżycko, Wysokie Mazowieckie) located in Poland were tested. The concentrations of PAHs in samples from Pisz, Giżycko, Wysokie Mazowieckie and Hajnówka were similar to those in industrial wastewater. The cluster analysis confirmed that in sites with a higher polyethylene (p.e.) input from the industrial sector, the leachates were more contaminated with PAH compounds. In samples from Dąbrowa Białostocka, Olecko, Pisz and Hajnówka, the heavy fraction of PAHs compounds prevailed over the light fraction. Concentrations of heavy metals in leachates from ATAD varied. The Ward’s method isolated the wastewater treatment plant in Giżycko. The p.e. from the industrial sector was the highest for this facility. Also, the samples from ATAD had the highest total concentration of heavy metals (5.87 mg/l). The leachates from ATAD are returned to biological systems of municipal sewage treatment plants, where they can be combined into more toxic compounds. Biological wastewater treatment processes do not ensure the removal of PAHs and heavy metals from the wastewater. As a result, harmful compounds can get into the water or ground, polluting the environment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Boruszko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ada Wojciula
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences,15-351 Białystok, Wiejska 45E, Poland

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