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Number of results: 100
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Abstract

Bluetooth beacons are becoming increasingly popular for various applications such as marketing or indoor navigation. However, designing a proper beacon installation requires knowledge of the possible sources of interference in the target environment. While theoretically beacon signal strength should decay linearly with log distance, on-site measurements usually reveal that noise from objects such as Wi-Fi networks operating in the vicinity significantly alters the expected signal range. The paper presents a novel mobile Geographic Information System for measurement, mapping and local as well as online storage of Bluetooth beacon signal strength in semireal time. For the purpose of on-site geovisual analysis of the signal, the application integrates a dedicated interpolation algorithm optimized for low-power devices. The paper discusses the performance and quality of the mapping algorithms in several different test environments.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Kulawiak
Witold Wycinka
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Abstract

The paper discusses the global algorithm of broken line simplification, that: does not depend on parameters set by a map editor and maintains the accuracy of the 0-1 Instruction (General principles of surveying practice) of the Head Office of Geodesy and Cartography, Poland, for each map scale (smaller than the source map scale). In the discussed process of line simplification parameters depend on the map scale and on the smallest length of an elementary triangle (this length is a measure of the ability of the drawing recognition). In the process of simplification performed with the use of the discussed algorithm, the same shape of a line is ensured (maintaining the ability of the drawing recognition), since generalised data differ with the bigger or smaller range of scales from the source data. Besides, limits of intervals of generalisation thresholds have been specified, which are required for the process of automated selection of cartographic presentation methods exhibiting the results of line simplification.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Chrobak
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Abstract

Mapping and analysis of air photos enabled preparation of a photogeological map of the Hansbreen-Sofiekammen region in a scale of 1 : 10,000. Glacial, slope and marine landforms and sediments were distinguished. Supplied with thermoluminescence and radiocarbon data, a morphogenetic evolution of the area could be presented. Four Pleistocene and Holocene glacier advances were distinguished. Seven raised marine beaches result from the Pleistocene and the Holocene uplift of the land.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Lindner
Leszek Marks
Ryszard Szczęsny
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Abstract

This paper discussed the results of pilot magnetic investigations carried out at the foot of the Fugleberget mountain and in the Skå valley in the area of the morthwestern shores of the Hornsund Fiord. The investigations showed the large usefulness of the magnetic method in stratification of different rock types which occur within the metamorphic complex, and, in the case of magma intrusions, they found that dolerity dykes are characterized by high, uniform magnetization and very simple geometrical form.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Koblański
Stanisław Małoszewski
Janusz Śliz
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Abstract

Great ablation of the Werenskiold Glacier created the need of recording the changes particularly superficial ones, after melting of its icingsGround stereophotogrammetric photos done during the Polar Expedition of the Polish Academy of Sciences in 1983 enabled to prepare a map in the scale of 1:10,000 covering by its two sheets the whole glacier, a system of open crevasses inclusive. The map presents the actual state of the glacier and enables a comparison with earlier photogrammetric measurements carried out several times since 1957.

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Authors and Affiliations

Cezary Lipert
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Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology that was conceived in 1999. The key components of the IoT are intelligent sensors, which represent objects of interest. The adjective ‘intelligent’ is used here in the information gathering sense, not the psychological sense. Some 30 billion sensors that ‘know’ the current status of objects they represent are already connected to the Internet. Various studies indicate that the number of installed sensors will reach 212 billion by 2020. Various scenarios of IoT projects show sensors being able to exchange data with the network as well as between themselves. In this contribution, we discuss the possibility of deploying the IoT in cartography for real-time mapping. A real-time map is prepared using data harvested through querying sensors representing geographical objects, and the concept of a virtual sensor for abstract objects, such as a land parcel, is presented. A virtual sensor may exist as a data record in the cloud. Sensors are identifi ed by an Internet Protocol address (IP address), which implies that geographical objects through their sensors would also have an IP address. This contribution is an updated version of a conference paper presented by the author during the International Federation of Surveyors 2014 Congress in Kuala Lumpur. The author hopes that the use of the IoT for real-time mapping will be considered by the mapmaking community.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kazimierz Bęcek
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Abstract

The grid method is the most widely used technique for measurement-based noise assessment, and indeed is part of the ISO 1996-2 standard. Nevertheless it has certain disadvantages. The present work is an analysis of the grid method for evaluating noise, firstly in the city of Cáceres and, secondly in two other smaller towns. Using as reference a 200 metre grid study, a study was made of the effect of varying the size and form of the grid on the city’s overall noise value, the percentage of data found to lie above some reference thresholds, and the noise value assigned to a certain zone of the city. The ISO 1996 recommendations of the necessity of new sampling points and the method’s predictive capacity for these new measurements were also analyzed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Valentín Gómez Escobar
Juan Miguel Barrigón Morillas
Guillermo Rey Gozalo
Rosendo Vílchez-Gómez
Javier Carmona Del Río
Juan A. Méndez Sierra
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Abstract

This paper presents an innovative method of technology mapping of the circuits in ALM appearing in FPGA devices by Intel. The essence of the idea is based on using triangle tables that are connected with different configurations of blocks. The innovation of the proposed method focuses on the possibility of choosing an appropriate configuration of an ALM block, which is connected with choosing an appropriate decomposition path. The effectiveness of the proposed technique of technology mapping is proved by experiments conducted on combinational and sequential circuits.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Kubica
D. Kania
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Abstract

The identification of macroalgal beds is a crucial component for the description of fjord ecosystems. Direct, biological sampling is still the most popular investigation technique but acoustic methods are becoming increasingly recognized as a very efficient tool for the assessment of benthic communities. In 2007 we carried out the first acoustic survey of the littoral areas in Kongsfjorden. A 2.68 km2 area comprised within a 12.40 km2 euphotic zone was mapped along the fjord's coast using single- and multi-beam echosounders. The singlebeam echosounder (SBES) proved to be a very efficient and reliable tool for macroalgae detection in Arctic conditions. The multibeam echosounder (MBES) was very useful in extending the SBES survey range, even though it's ability in discriminating benthic communities was limited. The final result of our investigation is a map of the macroalgae distribution around the fjord, showing 39% macroalgae coverage (1.09 km2) of investigated area between isobaths -0.70 m and -30 m. Zonation analysis showed that most of the studied macroalgae areas occur up to 15 m depth (93%). These results were confirmed by biological sampling and observation in key areas. The potential of acoustic imaging of macrophytes, and a proposed methodology for the processing of acoustic data, are presented in this paper along with preliminary studies on the acoustic reflectivity of macroalgae, also highlighting differences among species. These results can be applied to future monitoring of the evolution of kelp beds in different areas of the Arctic, and in the rest of the world.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jarosław Tęgowski
Aleksandra Kruss
Agnieszka Tatarek
Józef Wiktor
Philippe Blondel
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Abstract

This paper addresses an interesting issue in name theory, specifically the relationship between toponyms and spatial representations, as well as the cultural differences manifesting themselves in connection with these. Studies have shown that the name model (a general knowledge of names) created based on the mental representation of names is partly language and culture dependent. Thus, the knowledge of the speaker on how reliably the toponyms correlate with the actual features of the landscape or whether they should only be considered as labels identifying an area is culturally determined. This, in turn, influences the extent to which name-users may rely on them in structuring space and in creating a cognitive map.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katalin Reszegi
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Abstract

Artificial neural networks are gaining popularity thank to their fast and accurate response paired with low computing power requirements. They have been proven as a method for compressor performance prediction with satisfactory results. In this paper a new approach of artificial neural networks modelling is evaluated. The auxiliary parameter of ‘relative stability margin Z’ was introduced and used in learning process. This approach connects two methods of compressor modelling such as neuralnetworks and auxiliary parameter utilization. Two models were created, one with utilization of the ‘relative stability margin Z’ as a direct indication of surge margin of any estimated condition, and other with standard compressor parameters. The results were compared by determination of fitting, interpolation and extrapolation capabilities of both approaches. The artificial neural networks used during the process was a two-layer feed-forward neural-network with Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm with Bayesian regularization. The experimental data was interpolated to increase the amount of learning data for the neural network. With the two models created, capabilities of this relatively simple type of neural-network to approximate compressor map was also assessed.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Sergiusz Michał Loryś
1
Marek Orkisz
2

  1. Hamilton Sundstrand Poland / Pratt & Whitney AeroPower Rzeszów, Hetmanska 120, 35-078 Rzeszów, Poland
  2. Rzeszow University of Technology, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Powstanców Warszawy 8, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Abstract

This paper presents a model to generate a 3D model of a room, where room mapping is very necessary to find out the existing real conditions, where this modeling will be applied to the rescue robot. To solve this problem, researchers made a breakthrough by creating a 3D room mapping system. The mapping system and 3D model making carried out in this study are to utilize the camera Kinect and Rviz on the ROS. The camera takes a picture of the area around it, the imagery results are processed in the ROS system, the processing carried out includes several nodes and topics in the ROS which later the signal results are sent and displayed on the Rviz ROS. From the results of the tests that have been carried out, the designed system can create a 3D model from the Kinect camera capture by utilizing the Rviz function on the ROS. From this model later every corner of the room can be mapped and modeled in 3D.
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Authors and Affiliations

Syahri Muharom
1
Riza Agung Firmansyah
1
Yuliyanto Agung Prabowo
1

  1. Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract

This article concerns the use of an integrated RFID system with a mobile robot for the navigation and mapping of closed spaces. The architecture of a prototype mobile robot equipped with a set of RFID readers that performs the mapping functions is described. Laboratory tests of the robot have been carried out using a test stand equipped with a grid of appropriately programmed RFID transponders. A simulation model of the effectiveness of transponder reading by the robot has been prepared. The conclusions from measurements and tests are discussed, and methods for improving the solution are proposed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bartosz Pawłowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mariusz Skoczylas
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bartosz Trybus
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mateusz Salach
3
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Hubacz
2
ORCID: ORCID
Damian Mazur
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Departmentof Electronic and Telecommunications Systems, Rzeszów University of Technology, WincentegoPola 2, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
  2. Department of Computer and ControlEngineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Wincentego Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
  3. Department of Complex Systems, Rzeszow Universityof Technology, Wincentego Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
  4. Department of Electrical andComputer Engineering Fundamentals, Rzeszow University of Technology, Wincentego Pola 2, 35-959Rzeszow, Poland
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Abstract

Field mapping and analysis of air photos enabled to prepare a photogeological map of Treskelen-Hyrnefjellet-Kruseryggen area in scale of 1:10,000. Slope, glacial and nival landforms and sediments, and ten raised marine beaches were distinguished. Morphogenetic evolution of the area is also presented, with discussion of probable glacier advances and land uplift during the Late Pleistocene and the Holocene.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Lindner
Leszek Marks
Ryszard Szczęsny
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Abstract

Bunger Oasis (66° 15'S 100° 45'E), which lies in the deep interior of the Antarctic Continent, was the destination of the Polish Polar Expedition in 1978/1979. The area of Oasis which is free of ice, with a surface area of 1000 km2, its own hydrographic network and diversified relief of the terrain, has over the recent years been populated by live organisms, birds (cheek-bone and snow fulmar) and Wedell seal. In valleys and depressions of the terrain, traces of soil, mosses and lichens appear. The relief of the terrain of Oasis is undergoing continuous intensive change as a result of the natural effects of the Antarctic climate.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Battke
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Abstract

The paper presents empirical methodology of reducing various kinds of observations in geodetic network. A special case of reducing the observation concerns cartographic mapping. For numerical illustration and comparison of methods an application of the conformal Gauss-Krüger mapping was used. Empirical methods are an alternative to the classic differential and multi- stages methods. Numerical benefits concern in particular very long geodesics, created for example by GNSS vectors. In conventional methods the numerical errors of reduction values are significantly dependent on the length of the geodesic. The proposed empirical methods do not have this unfavorable characteristics. Reduction value is determined as a difference (or especially scaled difference) of the corresponding measures of geometric elements (distances, angles), wherein these measures are approximated independently in two spaces based on the known and corresponding approximate coordinates of the network points. Since in the iterative process of the network adjustment, coordinates of the points are systematically improved, approximated reductions also converge to certain optimal values.
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Authors and Affiliations

Roman Kadaj
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Abstract

Landscape is an object of perception, while its image is the sum of ideas on this object. Both terms used in the title of the paper have fairly strong impact on each other. In order to manage the city’s image well, it is necessary to take care of the landscape in all its areas especially in the “forgotten” and degraded ones. The aim of the author was to identify elements of landscape exposure along railway lines – areas with low aesthetic value in many cities around the world. The research area includes railway lines, in Cracow and Wrocław. The method adopted for the implementation of the study is the analysis of mental maps made in 2018 during field workshops. The paper is ended by conclusions on the landscape impact on the image of the city.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Węgrzynowicz
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Abstract

In the research on historic, composed green areas various computer technologies are applied, including among others reconstruction ideograms and virtual spatial models. They are created on the basis of historical cartographic materials, among which Prussian maps Urmesstichblatts and Messtischblatts deserve special attention as they provide extraordinarily useful and often otherwise unavailable information concerning the system of spatial composition.

The article presents a method of procedure on the example of selected research objects. Such studies are extremely useful in the process of research, analyses and documentation of the authentic state of historical sites. Moreover, they provide a significant material for further analyses concerning revalorisation and creation of the cultural landscape.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Urbański
Miłosz Walerzak
Agnieszka Wilkaniec
Agnieszka Rosada
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Abstract

The paper presents estimation of positional accuracy of digital maps using statistical analysis. Investigations have been performed for four large-scale digital maps made using different methods of producing digital map data: new total station survey (object A), re-calculation of previous direct measurements (orthogonal and polar surveys) (object B), manual vectorisation of a raster orthophotomap image (object C) and graphical-and-digital processing of analogue maps (object D). Analysis has been performed for large statistical samples of sets of vectors of shift t: L of control points and their components, i.e. true errors t: x, t: r of increments of co-ordinates. In the case of a map produced by means of new survey with an electronic tacheometer, the true errors were represented by differences between co-ordinates of control points obtained from two separate set outs. In the case of other methods of data collection for digital map production true errors were represented by differences of co-ordinates acquired from an investigated map and co-ordinates calculated from new direct surveys.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Doskocz
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Abstract

The applications of the machine learning and programming approaches in cartography has been increasing in recent years. This paper presents a case study of the scripting techniques used for cartographic mapping using Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) and R language (raster and tmaps packages). The aim of the study is environmental mapping of Ghana. The materials include high-resolution raster grids: topography by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), climate and environmental datasets (TerraClimate) and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for geomorphometric analysis (slope, aspect, hillshade and elevations). The methodology includes code snippets commented and explained with details of scripts. It is argued that using consolebased scripting tools for mapping is effective for cartographic workflow due to the logical structure and repeatability of scripts. The results include eight new thematic maps of Ghana performed using scripting approach inGMTscripting toolset and R language for quantitative and qualitative environmental assessment. Maps show correlations between the landforms of Ghana and certain environmental variables (drought index and soil moisture) showing the effects of the topographic relief on the distribution of the continuous geographic fields. These varied in several geographically distinct regions of Ghana: Ashanti (Kumasi), Volta, Savannah, coastal and northern regions. Demonstrated maps show that scripting method works effectively on a wide range of geosciences including environmental, topographic and climate studies. In such a way, this paper contributes both to the regional studies of Ghana and development of cartographic techniques.
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Authors and Affiliations

Polina Lemenkova
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract

Satellite remote sensing provides a synoptic view of the land and a spatial context for measuring drought impacts, which have proved to be a valuable source of spatially continuous data with improved information for monitoring vegetation dynamics. Many studies have focused on detecting drought effects over large areas, given the wide availability of low-resolution images. In this study, however, the objective was to focus on a smaller area (1085 km2) using Landsat ETM+ images (multispectral resolution of 30 m and 15 m panchromatic), and to process very accurate Land Use Land Cover (LULC) classification to determine with great precision the effects of drought in specific classes. The study area was the Tortugas-Tepezata sub watershed (Moctezuma River), located in the state of Hidalgo in central Mexico. The LULC classification was processed using a new method based on available ancillary information plus analysis of three single date satellite images. The newly developed LULC methodology developed produced overall accuracies ranging from 87.88% to 92.42%. Spectral indices for vegetation and soil/vegetation moisture were used to detect anomalies in vegetation development caused by drought; furthermore, the area of water bodies was measured and compared to detect changes in water availability for irrigated crops. The proposed methodology has the potential to be used as a tool to identify, in detail, the effects of drought in rainfed agricultural lands in developing regions, and it can also be used as a mechanism to prevent and provide relief in the event of droughts.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andres Sierra-Soler
Jan Adamowski
Zhiming Qi
Hossein Saadat
Santosh Pingale
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Abstract

The paper brings forward an idea of multi-threaded computation synchronization based on the shared semaphored cache in the multi-core CPUs. It is dedicated to the implementation of multi-core PLC control, embedded solution or parallel computation of models described using hardware description languages. The shared semaphored cache is implemented as guarded memory cells within a dedicated section of the cache memory that is shared by multiple cores. This enables the cores to speed up the data exchange and seamlessly synchronize the computation. The idea has been verified by creating a multi-core system model using Verilog HDL. The simulation of task synchronization methods allows for proving the benefits of shared semaphored memory cells over standard synchronization methods. The proposed idea enhances the computation in the algorithms that consist of relatively short tasks that can be processed in parallel and requires fast synchronization mechanisms to avoid data race conditions.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Milik
1
Michał Walichiewicz
1

  1. Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Digital Systems Division, Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

W artykule przedstawiono narzędzie – rozmyte mapy kognitywne FCM, które może być wykorzystane do modelowania percepcji krajobrazu. Metodologia pozostawia szanse na wprowadzenie uzupełniających lub alternatywnych zasad oceny, źródeł danych i zastosowań. Narzędzie FCM nadaje się do określania różnych scenariuszy działań, w zależności od np.: przewidywanych trendów użytkowania gruntów lub celów przyjętych w strategii planowania przestrzennego. Zarządzanie krajobrazem kulturowym wymaga uczestnictwa społeczności (zwłaszcza lokalnych) w procesie kształtowania krajobrazu tak, aby możliwy był wzrost jego jakości i akceptacji przy jednoczesnym minimalizowaniu konfliktów przestrzennych. Włączenie budowy map kognitywnych FCM jako narzędzia wspomagającego proces podejmowania decyzji na jednym z etapów (np. partycypacji społeczności lokalnej) w planowaniu przestrzennym umożliwia spełnienie tych wymagań.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marta Skiba
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Abstract

Digitization in the production area represents the integrated planning and management of production and logistics systems and networks based on digital models, methods, and tools, which are built on a common flexible information and communication platform. Currently known and used Lean tools need to be dynamized and oriented to the creation of digital business, where digital models can be heterogeneous, respectively usable in several projects. One of these possibilities is the use of the Lean production method – Value Stream Mapping, the potential of which in the context of the above mentioned is great. The aim of the presented article is based on Gemba analysis of the production process to process the value stream in the environment of the software tool TX Plant Simulation for the needs of flexible reflection on changes in various parameters within the value stream. The case study carried out under this article aims, among other things, to highlight the importance of combining simple Lean Production tools with software in finding, testing, and designing alternative solutions. The potential of using the processed model was also processed for the needs of digitization of business processes in the future.
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Authors and Affiliations

Miriam Pekarcíková
1
Peter Trebuna
1
Marek Kliment
1
Štefan Král
2
Michal Dic
1

  1. Technical University of Košice, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Management, Industrial andDigital Engineering, Park Komenského 9, 040 01 Košice, Slovak Republic
  2. Slovak Legal Metrology n.o., Banska Bystrica, Slovakia

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