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Number of results: 98
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Abstract

This paper describes the concept of controlling the advancement speed of the shearer, the objective

of which is to eliminate switching the devices off to the devices in the longwall and in the adjacent

galleries. This is connected with the threshold limit value of 2% for the methane concentration in the

air stream flowing out from the longwall heading, or 1% methane in the air flowing to the longwall.

Equations were formulated which represent the emission of methane from the mined body of coal in the

longwall and from the winnings on the conveyors in order to develop the numerical procedures enabling

a computer simulation of the mining process with a longwall shearer and haulage of the winnings. The

distribution model of air, methane and firedamp, and the model of the goaf and a methanometry method

which already exist in the Ventgraph-Plus programme, and the model of the methane emission from the

mined longwall body of coal, together with the model of the methane emission from the winnings on

conveyors and the model of the logic circuit to calculate the required advancement speed of the shearer

together all form a set that enables simulations of the control used for a longwall shearer in the mining

process. This simulation provides a means for making a comparison of the output of the mining in the

case of work using a control system for the speed advancement of the shearer and the mining performance

without this circuit in a situation when switching the devices off occurs as a consequence of exceeding

the 2% threshold limit value of the methane concentration. The algorithm to control a shearer developed

for a computer simulation considers a simpler case, where the logic circuit only employs the methane

concentration signal from a methane detector situated in the longwall gallery close to the longwall outlet.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wacław Dziurzyński
Andrzej Krach
Teresa Pałka
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Abstract

Balanced distribution of air in coal-fired boiler is one of the most important factors in the combustion process and is strongly connected to the overall system efficiency. Reliable and continuous information about combustion airflow and fuel rate is essential for achieving optimal stoichiometric ratio as well as efficient and safe operation of a boiler. Imbalances in air distribution result in reduced boiler efficiency, increased gas pollutant emission and operating problems, such as corrosion, slagging or fouling. Monitoring of air flow trends in boiler is an effective method for further analysis and can help to appoint important dependences and start optimization actions. Accurate real-time monitoring of the air distribution in boiler can bring economical, environmental and operational benefits. The paper presents a novel concept for online monitoring system of air distribution in coal-fired boiler based on real-time numerical calculations. The proposed mathematical model allows for identification of mass flow rates of secondary air to individual burners and to overfire air (OFA) nozzles. Numerical models of air and flue gas system were developed using software for power plant simulation. The correctness of the developed model was verified and validated with the reference measurement values. The presented numerical model for real-time monitoring of air distribution is capable of giving continuous determination of the complete air flows based on available digital communication system (DCS) data.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Madejski
Piotr Żymełka
Daniel Nabagło
Tomasz Janda
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Abstract

Since the 1970s, the Legnica-Głogów Copper District has an area of intensive mining of copper. Mining activities resulted in the appearance of induced seismic activity. This situation caused the necessity of setting an underground seismological network. In the mid-1990s, due to the great damage of objects on the surface caused by the ground vibrations due to mining tremors, a surface strong motion seismic network equipped with accelerometers was created. They monitor the vibration levels of both the land and the buildings themselves. This contributed to a better knowledge of the nature of ground vibration and the resistance of objects. In recent years, anthropogenic threats, which include seismicity induced by mining activities, are arousing more and more interest. To be able to develop test methods for seismic source physics, the analysis of the impact of vibrations on the surface and the seismic hazard, network measurement should also be developed and modernized. In the years 2014–2015, the IS-EPOS “Digital research space of induced seismicity for EPOS purposes” project, extended the LUMINEOS modern seismological network presently consisting of 15 seismometers and 10 accelerometers, with the possibility of additional further expansion. The data obtained from the LUMINEOS network complements the existing underground mining network and surface strong motion network. This allows for an advanced seismic analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Mirek
Łukasz Rudziński
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Abstract

The paper presents a method of structural monitoring with the use of angular displacement measurements performed with inclinometer devices. Inclinometer method is a solution free from the basic disadvantages of optical methods used commonly in structural monitoring, such as sensitivity to any type of visibility restrictions, pollution or influence of weather conditions. At the same time, with appropriate sensor parameters, a much better measurement accuracy is obtained than for typical optical methods and very low energy demand and moderate costs are achieved. Taking into account the above-mentioned issues, in the first stage an appropriate MEMS-type inclinometer sensor was selected, its laboratory tests were carried out and a method of the offset temperature drift correction, individual for each sensor, was developed.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Wierzbicki
Z. Pióro
M. Osiniak
E. Antoszkiewicz
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Abstract

The paper presents a method of structural monitoring with the use of angular and linear displacement measurements performed using inclinometer and laser measuring devices. The focus is mainly on the inclinometer measurement method, which is a solution free from the basic disadvantages of optical methods, such as sensitivity to any type of visibility restrictions, pollution or influence of weather conditions. Testing of this method was carried out in practical application in an wireless monitoring system, installed in a large-area industrial building. The measurement results performed using the inclinometers were compared with simultaneous measurements of linear displacements performed with the use of proven methods based on laser rangefinders. The research and analysis show that the method of measuring angular displacements using the inclinometers with MEMS sensors of appropriate quality is a very good, better than typical optical methods, solution of structural monitoring systems that allows to obtain accurate and reliable results.

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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Wierzbicki
ORCID: ORCID
Zbigniew Pióro
Marcin Osiniak
Edward Antoszkiewicz
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Abstract

In the breeding season 1988/89, within the region of SSSI No. 8, nesting of 12 species of birds was observed. The highest number of nests — 24430 — belonged to three species of pygoscelid penguins; 77.1% were the Adelie penguin. Relatively high fluctuations in the number of penguins in some rookeries in particular breeding seasons were confirmed. During regular countings of mammals' in 1988 the presence of 5 species of Pinnipedia was noted, of which the southern elephant seal was most numerous in the summer season, whereas crabeater seal — in winter. In the region of SSSI No. 8, breeding of southern elephant seal and Weddell seal was observed. Fluctuations in the number of seals in this region in the period 1977—1988 were insignificant.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kazimierz Sierakowski
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Abstract

In 1989/90, in the region of SSSI 8 situated on King George Island 21 bird species were observed, 12 species were breeding. Dominants were 3 Pygoscelis species (19229 pairs). Five species of pinnipedians were noticed. Mirounga leonina was most abundant in January (623 individuals), Arctocephalus gazella — in February and March (890 individuals), Hydrurga leptonyx in October (39 individuals). The abundance of Leptonychotes weddelli was low and rather stable. As a result of mild winter during the study period such birds as Sterna vittata and Pygoscelis adeliae stayed near their breeding places. The scarcity of Lobodon carcinophagus was probably also a result of this mild winter.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Lesiński
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Abstract

The assessment of a rock’s behaviour around excavations and the effectiveness of its reinforcement in underground ore mines is dependent on the performance of the rock-bolt and rock-mass interaction, which can be estimated on the basis of appropriately designed measurements. Based on the background of various measurements solutions described in the literature, concerning rock bolt monitoring methods, the authors proposed a new, original device for mass measurements in mine conditions. After examining the advantages and disadvantages of existing constructions, the article presents the essence, principle of operation and method of measuring anchor load in an underground excavation with the a instrument, indicator WK-2/8. The prototype has been carefully researched and successfully tested in a full-scale laboratory environment. This instrument, also referred to as a load indicator or force pad, does not require electrical power and allows for relatively accurate (with a resolution of 10-14kN, up to about 90kN loading capacity) and a remote reading of the axle loading of the anchor (AGH patent) by any person present in the specified area. The device can be installed in mining excavations under loading conditions. The relatively low cost of a measuring instrument, practically used as an additional washer, as well as an easy assembly method, makes it universally applicable in mines where anchoring is used as a means of strengthening the rock.

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Authors and Affiliations

Waldemar Korzeniowski
Krzysztof Skrzypkowski
Łukasz Herezy
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Abstract

The phenomenon that occurs today is an increase in the use of electrical energy consumption every year and especially in Public Street Lighting (PSL) lamps. It can be noticed that almost every road is public, and the expressway has PSL lights. PSL lamps are installed on each median, left or right of the road with a distance between ± lights of 30meters. The object of research on this foreign cooperation is located in the PIK2 project located in the Dadap area, Indonesia. The PSL lamp installation location has a road length of ±1.8Km. PSL lamps used have a power of 250watts. While the specific purpose of this study is to design and analyze measurements of power, voltage and current in PSL lamps and also to control and monitor the condition of PSL lamps through the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) by applying a star topology for the efficiency of electrical energy consumption in PSL lamps, using microcontrollers, sensors, and LoRa. This research is expected to produce a best practice model for the application of WSN in the PSL system in Indonesia and become a recommendation for companies in improving WSN technology and global competitiveness. The proposed research methods are quantitative and objective, so this study is applied to acquire and distribute data at PSL light points. The data on the sensor will be sent through the end node which is then sent to the coordinator node or gateway. The sensor data on this tool can be displayed by accessing the ubidots.
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Authors and Affiliations

Imelda Uli Vistalina Simanjuntak
1
Junas Haidi
2
Heryanto
3
Lukman Medriavin Silalahi
1

  1. Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia
  2. Universitas Bengkulu, Indonesia
  3. Institut Teknologi PLN, Indonesia
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of seven-year survey of Antarctic seals along the western shore of Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetland Islands. Five species were monitored during seven of the eight years, between 1988-95, excluding 1993. Numbers of elephant seals and Antarctic fur seals showed strong annual cycles, fur seals with two seasonal peaks. These of the other three species were more irregular. Fewer Weddell seals were seen in 1994 and 1995 then during the period 1988-92; with this exception, no overall trend in numbers was apparent during the period 1988-95.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Salwicka
Kazimierz Sierakowski
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Abstract

In 2001, a total of 2125 samples of plant origin were analysed for residues of the most commonly used pesticides in Poland. Detectable residues were found in 18% of the samples, while in about 0.9% of the samples the residues exceeded national or/and EU harmonised Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs). The long-term (chronic) dietary intake, based on monitoring data, was calculated for 7 pesticides in 9 commodities. The intake of 1 of the pesticide analysed (endosulfan/black currant combination) exceeded 1 % of Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) indicating a sufficient margin of safety for the adult consumer. The short-term (acute) intake was estimated for 19 pesticides in 12 commodities according to the European Commission recommendations. The ADI level was exceeded for toddlers in 7 cases, carbendazim in mushroom, linuron in carrot, chlorothalonil in greenhouse tomato, tolylfluanid and EBDC in strawberry and flusilazole and diazinon in apple. In all cases, however, the safety factor of 2 for a toddler still existed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Sadło
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Abstract

The paper presents a method of structural monitoring using measurement of vertical displacements realized optically by horizontally directed laser beam. A measuring device with an integrated rangefinder and inclinometer sensor was developed. Inclinometer sensor are used to correct measurement results of the rangefinder in order to eliminate errors resulting from spatial position changes of the laser beam. Such a solution was adopted as an alternative to a more complex and demanding method, which is the stabilization of the laser beam orientation. The proposed inclinometric correction method allows in a simple and clear way to eliminate a serious problem of the displacement measurement method with a perpendicularly directed laser beam, which is inevitable in practice the lack of permanent stability of the measuring device position. The developed measuring device is wireless, both in terms of power supply and communication with other elements of the monitoring system. In order to verify the correctness of measurements carried out by the developed device, on site tests were carried out in two industrial-warehouse buildings with functioning monitoring systems using other measurement methods, earlier verified. The tests confirmed compliance with the indications of the existing system at a level completely sufficient for structural monitoring system purposes. The conducted research show that the proposed method of displacements measurement with inclinometric correction of errors, provides accurate and reliable results, allowing also to obtain additional information about the behaviour of the structure in the place of installation of the measuring device.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Wierzbicki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zbigniew Pióro
2 3
Marcin Osiniak
3

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Armii Ludowej 16, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Nowowiejska15/19, 00-665 Warsaw (retired professor)
  3. WiSeNe Sp. z o.o., Taneczna 27, 02-829 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The utilization of mining waste is an important problem in Poland and Ukraine. The article presents one of the variants of waste mining in the quarry in Płaza. An analysis of the resource base of the deposit and their location at the area of Płaza deposit is carried out. The Płaza deposit is located in the western part of the Małopolskie province, in the entire Chrzanów commune. The Płaza deposit is constructed of Middle Triassic carbonates represented by the limestone-dolomite Olkusz Formation and the limestone-marlized Gogolin Formation. The deposit series lies on the dolomites of Röt age (Lower Triassic – Olenekian). The most valuable raw material was the pure limestone from the lower part of the Olkusz Formation, now almost completely exploited. The article presents the current state of mineable reserves of the deposit and their quality (chemical and physical characteristics). Moreover the article shows potential consumers of raw material and the possibility of extending the life of the mine work. According to the results of the environmental monitoring the ground and hydrogeological conditions were evaluated, the results of which allowed a more efficient use of the existing quarry area for mining waste disposal to be proposed. The paper presents a conceptual waste transport scheme, planned distribution and compaction of wastes belonging to the first, second and third group and then a surface reclamation. In view of the absence of similar decisions analogs, the consideration of the open-pit as a one solid geomechanical system functioning under the conditions of uncertainty is suggested. In order to examine the dynamics of the waste compaction process, some measures are foreseen to constantly observe their subsidence. The proposed measures for the synchronous disposal of mining waste in the worked-out area of the open-pit and the simultaneous mining operation in the quarry will allow the life cycle of the open-pit to be prolonged for 15–20 years.

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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Potempa
Artem Shyrin
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Abstract

A mine cannot function without monitoring systems: environmental, basic mining machinery and equipment. The exploitation of ore in the mine depends heavily on properly functioning machines and mining equipment, and acceptable for the miner technical environmental conditions occurring in underground excavations. The monitoring systems of the technical environment in underground mines are primarily telemetry and gasometry systems. The first part of the article shows the typical structure of gasometry systems operating in the Polish underground mines. The existing provisions include the so-called security systems of the mining plant. The article presents a quantitative summary of the telephone exchange types and count of main telecommunication lines operating in these systems. Monitoring systems of machines and mining equipment are an essential element of the effec-tive management of the mine, because they affect the safe operation and increase time of effi-ciency equipment. The second part of the article shows selected monitoring systems of mining machinery and equipment currently used in the dispatcher rooms of mines. Attention was paid to the monitoring systems, which are only software tools as well as those in which additionally use dedicated IT solutions for these systems, hardware and measuring tools. The table shows the types of monitoring systems and technological configurations used in underground mines, preferred for them.

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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni Wojaczek
Adam Wojaczek
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Abstract

SQL Injection is one of the vulnerabilities in OWASP's Top Ten List forWeb Based Application Exploitation. These type of attacks take place on Dynamic Web applications as they interact with databases for various operations. Current Content Management System like Drupal, Joomla or Wordpress have all information stored in their databases. A single intrusion into these type of websites can lead to overall control of websites by an attacker. Researchers are aware of basic SQL Injection attacks, but there are numerous SQL Injection attacks which are yet to be prevented and detected. Over here, we present the extensive review for the Advanced SQL Injection attack such as Fast Flux SQL Injection, Compounded SQL Injection and Deep Blind SQL Injection. We also analyze the detection and prevention using the classical methods as well as modern approaches. We will be discussing the Comparative Evaluation for prevention of SQL Injection.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jai Puneet Singh
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Abstract

In this paper, we consider the development of reliable tools to assess the water quality and state of aquatic ecosystems in dynamic conditions a crucial need to address. One of such tools could be devised by monitoring the taxonomic structure of reservoirs’ microbiomes. Microbial taxa’s ecological and metabolic characteristics suggest their essential roles in maintaining the water ecosystem’s environmental equilibrium. The study aimed to explainthe role of diversity and seasonal variability of the microbial communities in the ecosystem stability on the example of Goczałkowice Reservoir (Poland). The structure of the reservoir microbiome was studied using bioinformatics and modeling techniques. Water was sampled periodically in July & November 2010, and April 2011 at four representative sites. The abundance and relative fraction of the limnetic taxonomic units were determined in respectto the physicochemical indices. Significant seasonal variations in the number of operational taxonomic units (OTU)were observed within the reservoir basin’s main body but not at the main tributary’s mouth. The highest valuesof the correlation coefficients between OTU and physicochemical variables were obtained for Burkholderiales,Pseudoanabenales, Rickettsiales, Roseiflexales, Methylophilales, Actinomycetales, and Cryptophyta. Thesemicroorganisms are proposed as indicators of environmental conditions and water quality. Metataxonomic analyses of the fresh water microbiome in the reservoir, showed that microorganisms constitute conservative communities that undergo seasonal and local changes regarding the relative participation of the identified taxa. Therefore, we propose that monitoring those variations could provide a reliable measure of the state of aquatic ecosystems.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Woźnica
1
Mirosław Kwaśniewski
2
Karolina Chwiałkowska
2
Bartosz Łozowski
1
Damian Absalon
1
Marcin Libera
3
Michał Krzyżowski
1
Agnieszka Babczyńska
1

  1. University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Katowice, Poland
  2. Medical University of Bialystok, Faculty of Medicine, Bialystok, Poland
  3. University of Silesia in Katowice, Faculty of Science and Technology, Katowice, Poland
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Abstract

Global climate change is a fact that affects all components of the environment. The main aim of this research was to conduct the retrospective monitoring of soils in the Trans-Ural Steppe Zone (Russia) and the analysis in changing of key climatic parameters for the periods 1937–1982 and 1982–2019. We investigated average temperatures and precipitation (monthly and annual) using archived data from a nearby weather station, as well as data from NASA and weather forecast websites. We identified a decrease of soil fertility and an increase in alkalinisation processes over the past 37 years for the studied area. Comparison of these periods showed an increasing the average monthly and annual air temperatures (on 1.4°C) and a decrease in the amount of precipitation in the summer (on 4.4 mm) period. We found that a more arid climate accelerates the rate of soil salinization due to the active evaporation of groundwater. Nevertheless, in some areas there were found the soil desalinization due to the change in the hydrologic regime and lowering of the groundwater level. In general, the climate changing in the studied region is consistent with global warming trend. Increased average annual temperature and reduced precipitation in summer period contribute to aridization of the region. Such conditions will more restrict soil fertility due to development of salinization and desertification processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Azamat Suleymanov
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Ilyusya Gabbasova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ruslan Suleymanov
1 3
ORCID: ORCID
Mikhail Komissarov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Timur Garipov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ludmila Sidorova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Fliza Nazyrova
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Soil Science, Pr. Oktyabrya 69, 450054, Ufa, Russia
  2. Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Department of Environmental Protection and Prudent Exploitation of Natural Resources, Kosmonavtov St 1, 450064, Ufa, Russia
  3. Bashkir State University, Department of Geodesy, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, Ufa, Russia
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Abstract

In recent years, the technical and economic feasibility of using microalgae and cyanobacteria has been explored for the removal and exploitation of domestic, agricultural and industrial residual effluents with high C, N and P compounds content. To contribute to the understanding of the process and its technical viability for microalgae growth, the article discusses monitoring, flow determination, and physicochemical characteristics of two types of effluents generated in an experimental farm located in the east of Colombia, before (R1) and after biological treatment (R2). In general, the results showed the reduction of different parameters, such as total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, salinity and phosphates after treatment with activated sludge. However, the conductivity value obtained in R1 and R2 showed the presence of a pollutant load. These findings can be attributed to the highest concentration of fats and oils in the water during early hours of the day. Finally, although the concentration of nitrates increased from 46.63 to 225.21 mg∙dm–3 and phosphate decreased slightly from 9.65 to 6.21 mg∙dm–3, no inhibition was generated in the microalgae, as evidenced in the growth of the microalgal biomass in effluents after nitrate and phosphate removal above 80%.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nestor Andres Urbina-Suarez
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andres Fernando Barajas-Solano
1
ORCID: ORCID
Janet Bibiana Garcia-Martinez
1
ORCID: ORCID
German Luciano Lopez-Barrera
1
ORCID: ORCID
Angel Dario González-Delgado
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, San José de Cúcuta, Colombia
  2. University of Cartagena, Avenida del Consulado Calle 30 No. 48-152, Cartagena, Bolívar, 130001, Colombia
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Abstract

In this work, a real-time label-free microwave sensing mechanism for glucose concentration monitoring using a planar biosensor configured with an inset fed microstrip patch antenna has been demonstrated. A microstrip patch antenna with the resonating frequency of 1.45 GHz has been designed and is fabricated on the Flame Retardant (FR-4) substrate. Due to the intense electromagnetic field at the edges of the patch antenna, edge length has been used as the detecting area where the sample under test (SUT) interacts with the electromagnetic field. The Poly-Dimethyl-Siloxane (PDMS) with the trench in the centre has been employed as the sample holder. Here, the SUT is the glucose dissolved in DI (de-ionized) water with the concentration range of 0.2 to 0.6 g/mL. The dielectric constant dependency on the glucose concentration has been used as the distinguishing factor which results in a shift in the S-parameter. The experimentally measured RF parameters were observed closely which showed the shift in S11 magnitude from –40 to –15 dB and resonant frequency from 1.27 to 1.3 GHz w.r.t the SUT solution of 0.2 to 0.6 g/mL with linear regression coefficient of 0.881, and 0.983 respectively.
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Authors and Affiliations

Priya Rai
1
Poonam Agarwal
2

  1. Institute of Science and Technology, Chandrakona Town, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal-721301, India
  2. Microsystems Lab, School of Computer and Systems Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
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Abstract

Safety of dams and other hydraulic structures is a complex procedure that must consider the individual characteristics of each structure and provide an insight in the structural health at every stage of the structure’s life cycle. Failures of structures permanently or temporarily retaining water may cause large economic damage, environmental disasters, and loss of lives. An engineering design should, therefore, guarantee maximum security of such structures or maximize their reliability not only in ordinary operating conditions but also under extreme hydrological load. By performing structural heath monitoring (SHM), the safety can be optimized, including the performance and life expectancy of a structure by adopting an appropriate methodology to observe the identified failure modes for a selected dam type. To adopt SHM to hydraulic structures it is important to broaden the knowledge and understanding of the ageing processes on hydraulic structures, which can be achieved by laboratory testing and application and development of novel monitoring techniques, e.g., vibration monitoring. In Slovenia, we are increasingly faced with the problem of ageing of dam structures. At the same time, we are also faced with changes in the environment, especially with the variability in time-dependent loads and with new patterns of operation on dams used for hydropower, with several starts and stops of turbines happening on a daily basis. These changes can lead to a decrease in structural and operational safety of dams. In this paper we propose a methodology where the dynamic response of concrete dams is continuously monitored in few locations on the dam using accelerometers, while all significant structural members are measured in discrete time intervals using portable vibrometers. We focused on run-of-the-river dams, which are a common dam type in Slovenia. The pilot case for the system is lower Sava River with a cascade of 5 dams used for hydropower.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mateja Klun
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andrej Kryžanowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, Jamova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abstract

The authors of this paper analysed Acoustic Emission (AE) signal generated in different stages of punch process, emitted from crank PMSC - 12 punch press. The details of the instrumentation used are described. The experimental part describes the influence of feedstock thickness and hardness to the intensity of the emitted signal. The final part of the investigation presents the changes of AE signal caused by simulated tool abrasive wear. The possibilities of AE monitoring of punching of thin plates are also discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Ranachowski
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Dębowski
Leszek Moszczyński
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Abstract

The present-day methods of supervising the operational use of jet engines are based, among other things, on computerised procedures of monitoring and recording various failure modes, including the surge. This dangerous mode of operation of a turbojet engine occurs quite commonly while operating it. In some cases, it could result even in the engine destruction. What has been presented in this study is the way of applying a non-linear observer of a one-spool single-flow turbojet to generate a computer algorithm to detect the surging. An exemplary application of such an algorithm to monitor the surging that occurs in the K-15 engine has also been shown.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech I. Pawlak
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Abstract

The aim of the research was implementation of fibre Bragg grating sensors and the Aramis system to monitor strain, displacement and stress values in new materials used in the building industry. Selected elements of a residential building made of the Polytech material with a 60% content of the EPS granulate from recycling were tested: a prefabricated wall with a lintel, a reinforced concrete floor slab, a lintel, a reinforced concrete column and a wall. Long-term testing was also carried out taking account of changes in environmental conditions. The methodology of the research was based on the development of purpose-made dedicated FBG strain sensors, laboratory calibration and the embedding of the sensors in the tested element structure. The proposed system of continuous measurements made it possible to determine real strain, displacement and stress values in selected elements of the Polytech structure for a facility founded in a difficult geotechnical terrain (subsoil).
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Juraszek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Bielsko-Biała, Departament of Civil Engineering, Willowa 2 Street, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland
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Abstract

The landslide is located in Wronki. It covers the southern side on the bank of the Warta River and occupy an area of 500 m in length. The landslide was once again activated on August 22-23, 2018, causing numerous failures. The Warta River slope in the area of mass movements is built by non-construction embankments, under which the Poznan Miocene–Pliocene of quasi-layered structure lie. There are horizontal interlayers of sandy silts in these clays. The Warta drains water from a large area, and the runoff takes place mainly on the roof of clays. The slide surface of the landslide was precisely the roof of the Poznan clays. Bearing in mind the properties of the Poznan clays, such as relaxation, block disintegration, expansiveness features, the following were considered the direct causes of the failure: heavy rainfall that occurred after a drought, loading of the slope with indiscriminate cubature buildings, construction of a linear sewage system and periodically repeated vibrations caused by the implementation of neighboring investments. In order to identify the area, test boreholes were made, samples were taken for laboratory tests, and geodetic measurements were taken. Based on the obtained results, slope stability calculations were made and a measurement network was developed for systematic monitoring of geodetic displacements of control points. It was recommended to perform drainage to drain the slope and side of the Warta River, plant bushes, and make changes to the land development plan in order to prohibit further development of the area in the endangered zone.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michalina Flieger-Szymanska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jerzy Sobkowiak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Katarzyna Machowiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dorota Anna Krawczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Civil Engineering, Poznan, Poland
  2. Geomenos Jerzy Sobkowiak, Tomasz Sobkowiak Sp. j., Poznan, Poland; retired employee of Poznan University of Technology

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