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Number of results: 42
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Abstract

The paper presents a comparative study of music features derived from audio recordings, i.e. the same music pieces but representing different music genres, excerpts performed by different musicians, and songs performed by a musician, whose style evolved over time. Firstly, the origin and the background of the division of music genres were shortly presented. Then, several objective parameters of an audio signal were recalled that have an easy interpretation in the context of perceptual relevance. Within the study parameter values were extracted from music excerpts, gathered and compared to determine to what extent they are similar within the songs of the same performer or samples representing the same piece.

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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Dorochowicz
Bożena Kostek
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Abstract

This paper presents a relationship between Auditory Display (AD) and the domains of music and acoustics. First, some basic notions of the Auditory Display area are shortly outlined. Then, the research trends and system solutions within the fields of music technology, music information retrieval and music recommendation and acoustics that are within the scope of AD are discussed. Finally, an example of AD solution based on gaze tracking that may facilitate music annotation process is shown. The paper concludes with a few remarks about directions for further research in the domains discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bożena Kostek
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Abstract

In the paper, various approaches to automatic music audio summarization are discussed. The project described in detail, is the realization of a method for extracting a music thumbnail - a fragment of continuous music of a given duration time that is most similar to the entire music piece. The results of subjective assessment of the thumbnail choice are presented, where four parameters have been taken into account: clarity (representation of the essence of the piece of music), conciseness (the motifs are not repeated in the summary), coherence of music structure, and overall quality of summary usefulness.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jakub Głaczyński
Ewa Łukasik
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Abstract

What is patriotism as opposed to nationalism? And which of these is what sometimes surfaces in contemporary rock music?

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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Maurycy Mazurkiewicz
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Abstract

The paper presents the key-finding algorithm based on the music signature concept. The proposed music signature is a set of 2-D vectors which can be treated as a compressed form of representation of a musical content in the 2-D space. Each vector represents different pitch class. Its direction is determined by the position of the corresponding major key in the circle of fifths. The length of each vector reflects the multiplicity (i.e. number of occurrences) of the pitch class in a musical piece or its fragment. The paper presents the theoretical background, examples explaining the essence of the idea and the results of the conducted tests which confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for finding the key based on the analysis of the music signature. The developed method was compared with the key-finding algorithms using Krumhansl-Kessler, Temperley and Albrecht-Shanahan profiles. The experiments were performed on the set of Bach preludes, Bach fugues and Chopin preludes.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Kania
Paulina Kania
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Abstract

The major aim of the research is to analyse the type and complexity of emotions which adolescent musicians experience before giving a solo music performance. Another aim is to explore the function of these emotions for performance quality. Just before a school concert, students filled out The UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist (UMACL). Right after the performance, both the performing students and competent referees used The Performance Evaluation Scale. The results show that musicians’ pre -performance emotional state is dominated by ambivalent emotions of hope and sadness, as well as joy and anxiety. As a result of a cluster analysis, six clusters were obtained which defined emotional states before the performance: high music performance anxiety, moderate music performance anxiety, calm, mixed emotions, joy with background fatigue, and excitement. The findings show the functional significance of positive emotions and mixed emotions for performance quality.
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Authors and Affiliations

Julia Kaleńska-Rodzaj
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Abstract

Due to an increasing amount of music being made available in digital form in the Internet, an automatic organization of music is sought. The paper presents an approach to graphical representation of mood of songs based on Self-Organizing Maps. Parameters describing mood of music are proposed and calculated and then analyzed employing correlation with mood dimensions based on the Multidimensional Scaling. A map is created in which music excerpts with similar mood are organized next to each other on the two-dimensional display.
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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Plewa
Bożena Kostek
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Abstract

In this study, music teachers' exposure to sound was tested by measuring the A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level (SPL), the A-weighted maximum SPL and the C-weighted peak SPL. Measurements were taken prior to and after acoustic treatment in four rooms during classes of trumpet, saxophone, French horn, trombone and percussion instruments. Results showed that acoustic treatment affects the exposure of music teachers to sound. Daily noise exposure levels (LEX, 8 h) for all teachers exceeded a limit of 85 dB while teaching music lessons prior to room treatment. It was found that the LEX, 8 h values ranged from 85.8 to 91.6 dB. The highest A-weighted maximum SPL and C-weighted peak SPL that music teachers were exposed to were observed with percussion instruments (LAmax = 110.4 dB and LCpeak = 138.0 dB). After the treatments, daily noise exposure level decreased by an average of 5.8, 3.2, 3.0, 4.2 and 4.5 dB, respectively, for the classes of trumpet, saxophone, French horn, trombone and drums, and did not exceed 85 dB in any case.

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Authors and Affiliations

Emil Kozłowski
Rafał Młyński
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Abstract

This research determines an identification system for the types of Beiguan music – a historical, nonclassical music genre – by combining artificial neural network (ANN), social tagging, and music information retrieval (MIR). Based on the strategy of social tagging, the procedure of this research includes: evaluating the qualifying features of 48 Beiguan music recordings, quantifying 11 music indexes representing tempo and instrumental features, feeding these sets of quantized data into a three-layered ANN, and executing three rounds of testing, with each round containing 30 times of identification. The result of ANN testing reaches a satisfying correctness (97% overall) on classifying three types of Beiguan music. The purpose of this research is to provide a general attesting method, which can identify diversities within the selected non-classical music genre, Beiguan. The research also quantifies significant musical indexes, which can be effectively identified. The advantages of this method include improving data processing efficiency, fast MIR, and evoking possible musical connections from the high-relation result of statistical analyses.
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Bibliography

1. Briot J.-P., Hadjeres G., Pachet F.-D. (2019), Deep Learning Techniques for Music Generation, Computational Synthesis and Creative Systems, Springer, arXiv: 1709.01620.
2. Hagan M.T., Demuth H.B., Beale M. (2002), Neural Network Design, CITIC Publishing House, Beijing.
3. Lamere P. (2008), Social tagging and music information retrieval, Journal of New Music Research, 37(2): 101–114, doi: 10.1080/09298210802479284.
4. Lu C.-K. (2011), Beiguan Music, Taichung, Taiwan: Morningstar.
5. Pan J.-T. (2019), The transmission of Beiguan in higher education in Taiwan: A case study of the teaching of Beiguan in the department of traditional music of Taipei National University of the Arts [in Chinese], Journal of Chinese Ritual, Theatre and Folklore, 2019.3(203): 111–162.
6. Rosner A., Schuller B., Kostek B. (2014), Classification of music genres based on music separation into harmonic and drum components, Archives of Acoustics, 39(4): 629–638, doi: 10.2478/aoa-2014-0068.
7. Tzanetakis G., Kapur A., Scholoss W.A., Wright M. (2007), Computational ethnomusicology, Journal of Interdisciplinary Music Studies, 1(2): 1–24.
8. Wiering F., de Nooijer J., Volk A., Tabachneck- Schijf H.J.M. (2009), Cognition-based segmentation for music information retrieval systems, Journal of New Music Research, 38(2): 139–154, doi: 10.1080/09298210903171145.
9. Yao S.-N., Collins T., Liang C. (2017), Head-related transfer function selection using neural networks, Archives of Acoustics, 42(3): 365–373, doi: 10.1515/aoa-2017-0038.
10. Yeh N. (1988), Nanguan music repertoire: categories, notation, and performance practice, Asian Music, 19(2): 31–70, doi: 10.2307/833866.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yu-Hsin Chang
1
Shu-Nung Yao
2

  1. Department of Music, Tainan National University of the Arts, No. 66, Daqi, Guantian Dist., Tainan City 72045, Taiwan
  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, No. 151, University Rd., Sanxia District, New Taipei City 237303, Taiwan
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Abstract

We talk to Assoc. Prof. Paweł Gancarczyk from the PAS Institute of Art about how early music was perceived at the time when it was being composed, what modern musicologists regard as new discoveries and how our identities are shaped by sound.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Gancarczyk
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Abstract

The author reflects on the issues raised in R. Ingarden’s article The Work of Music and the Problem of Its Identity. He considers them and presents them in a new light. This author believes that the musical works exist as special relations between special objects. At the same time, he refuses to consider musical creativity a product of human consciousness. In his opinion, consciousness only accepts or rejects musical phrases that present themselves as a product of unconscious brain activity.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jędrzej Stanisławek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. (em.) Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Administracji i Nauk Społecznych, Pl. Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warszawa
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Abstract

The present research investigated the effects of short-term musical training on speech recognition in adverse listening conditions in older adults. A total of 30 Kannada-speaking participants with no history of gross otologic, neurologic, or cognitive problems were divided equally into experimental (M = 63 years) and control groups (M = 65 years). Baseline and follow-up assessments for speech in noise (SNR50) and reverberation was carried out for both groups. The participants in the experimental group were subjected to Carnatic classical music training, which lasted for seven days. The Bayesian likelihood estimates revealed no difference in SNR50 and speech recognition scores in reverberation between baseline and followed-up assessment for the control group. Whereas, in the experimental group, the SNR50 reduced, and speech recognition scores improved following musical training, suggesting the positive impact of music training. The improved performance on speech recognition suggests that short-term musical training using Carnatic music can be used as a potential tool to improve speech recognition abilities in adverse listening conditions in older adults.
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Authors and Affiliations

Akhila R. Nandakumar
1
Haralakatta Shivananjappa Somashekara
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vibha Kanagokar
1
ORCID: ORCID
Arivudai Nambi Pitchaimuthu
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore Manipal Academy of Higher Education
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Abstract

This work aims to create an ANN-based system for a musical improviser. An artificial improviser of "hearing" music will create a melody. The data supplied to the improviser is MIDItype musical data. This is the harmonic-rhythmic course, the background for improvisation, and the previously made melody notes. The harmonic run is fed into the system as the currently ongoing chord and the time to the next chord, while the supplied few dozen notes performed earlier will indirectly carry information about the entire run and the musical context and style. Improvisation training is carried out to check ANN as a correctlooking musical improvisation device. The improviser generates several hundred notes to be substituted for a looped rhythmicharmonic waveform and examined for quality.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jarosław Mazurkiewicz
1

  1. Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Department of Computer Engineering
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Abstract

This paper reviews parametric audio coders and discusses novel technologies introduced in a low-complexity, low-power consumption audio decoder and music synthesizer platform developed by the authors. The decoder uses parametric coding scheme based on the MPEG-4 Parametric Audio standard. In order to keep the complexity low, most of the processing is performed in the parametric domain. This parametric processing includes pitch and tempo shifting, volume adjustment, selection of psychoacoustically relevant components for synthesis and stereo image creation. The decoder allows for good quality 44.1 kHz stereo audio streaming at 24 kbps. The synthesizer matches the audio quality of industry-standard sample-based synthesizers while using a twenty times smaller memory footprint soundbank. The presented decoder/synthesizer is designed for low-power mobile platforms and supports music streaming, ringtone synthesis, gaming and remixing applications.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Szczerba
Werner Oomen
Dieter Therssen
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Abstract

This paper investigates attachment themes in the life history narratives of professional orchestral musicians and their relationship with music performance anxiety (MPA). Narrative accounts derived from open -ended in -depth interviews of ten professional musicians were analysed from an attachment perspective using content and thematic analysis. We hypothesized that the performance setting re -triggers unprocessed feelings related to early attachment experiences, especially when traumatic, and that defensive manoeuvres against their re -emergence into consciousness are activated. The interviews identified early relational trauma as a relevant etiological factor in the MPA -symptomatic of the musicians studied. A case is made for the addition of an attachment -informed life -course model rather than a purely symptomatic approach to understanding and treating severe MPA and other intra -personal psychodynamics of performing musicians.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dianna T. Kenny
Jeremy Holmes
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Abstract

Sound and vibrations are often perceived via the auditory and tactile senses simultaneously, e.g., in a car or train. During a rock concert, the body vibrates with the rhythm of the music. Even in a concert hall or a church, sound can excite vibrations in the ground or seats. These vibrations might not be perceived separately because they integrate with the other sensory modalities into one multi-modal perception.

This paper discusses the relation between sound and vibration for frequencies up to 1 kHz in an opera house and a church. Therefore, the transfer function between sound pressure and acceleration was measured at different exemplary listening positions. A dodecahedron loudspeaker on the stage was used as a sound source. Accelerometers on the ground, seat and arm rest measured the resulting vibrations. It was found that vibrations were excited over a broad frequency range via airborne sound. The transfer function was measured using various sound pressure levels. Thereby, no dependence on level was found. The acceleration level at the seat corresponds approximately to the sound pressure level and is independent of the receiver position. Stronger differences were measured for vibrations on the ground.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Merchel
Mehmet Ercan Altinsoy
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Abstract

Most receiving antenna arrays suffer from the mutual coupling problem between antenna elements, which can critically influence the performance of the array. In this work, a novel and accurate form of compensation matrix is applied to compensate the mutual coupling in a uniform linear array (ULA). This is achieved by applying a new method based on solving a boundary value problem for the whole ULA. In this method, both self and mutual impedances are exploited in an accurate characterization of mutual impedance matrix which results in a perfect mutual coupling compensation method, and hence a very accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. In the new scheme, the compensation ma- trix is obtained by using the relationship between measured voltage and theoretical coupled voltage based on the MOM. Numerical results show that using DOA estimation algorithms to the decoupled voltage obtained by using this method leads to an excellent performance of DOA estimation with higher accuracy and resolution.
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Authors and Affiliations

Naser Parhizgar
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Abstract

An unpublished Musical by Pirandello: a polysemic and multicultural kaleidoscope – The fact that Pirandello conceived the idea of writing a Musical was well know, but the recent discovery of the actual text and the musical score, in the archive of Guido Torre Gherson, agent of the writer while he lived in Paris, has shed some light on his final years and writings. The findings are discussed in the context of his late theatrical and fictional works, such as I giganti della montagna.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lia Fava Guzzetta
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Abstract

This article presents a study on music genre classification based on music separation into harmonic and drum components. For this purpose, audio signal separation is executed to extend the overall vector of parameters by new descriptors extracted from harmonic and/or drum music content. The study is performed using the ISMIS database of music files represented by vectors of parameters containing music features. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier and co-training method adapted for the standard SVM are involved in genre classification. Also, some additional experiments are performed using reduced feature vectors, which improved the overall result. Finally, results and conclusions drawn from the study are presented, and suggestions for further work are outlined.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aldona Rosner
Bożena Kostek
Bjӧrn Schuller
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Abstract

Magazyn Muzyczny was one of the two top 'cult magazines' of the communist period. Like its rival, Non Stop, it promoted pop music, especially rock. Both magazines went through a similar evolution, although the latter had a much longer history, as it was the direct successor of Jazz, the oldest entertainment music magazine in Central and Eastern Europe, established in 1956. However, since the 1980s — what with editorial, personal, structural changes, and above all the shift of the musical taste of many, mainly young Poles, effected by the rock boom — it became in principle (and in recent years) a virtually new periodical. Its quantitative (structural) analysis has filled the content of this article, but it also forms the basis of a broader study, which is due to appear in print in the near future in the form of a two-volume monograph.
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Authors and Affiliations

Artur Mariusz Trudzik
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Literatury i Nowych Mediów, Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Szczeciński
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Abstract

The Gdańsk publishers of printed music included both large, energetically operating companies, and small firms we know of only from single publications. The majority of them are booksellers who, just like in the 17th and 18th centuries, financed – and sometimes also copied in their own printing establishments – the items they were selling. Additionally, they not only extended the range of goods in their bookshops to include stationery, works of art and instruments, including grand pianos, but also offered a broad range of services, such as the lending of books and printed music, and even organising concerts. During the period in question, the range of publications covered school and church songbooks (mostly Protestant), but also compositions designed to entertain, with the dominating role of the grand piano as a solo and accompanying instrument. What marked out Gdańsk at the end of the 19th century/ beginning of the 20th century, was its published works for male choirs, addressed to the city’s numerous singing associations.
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Bibliography

Kartoteka drukarzy gdańskich XIX i XX wieku, Polska Akademia Nauk Biblioteka Gdańska.

Babnis M., C.A. Reichel’s „Musikalisches Wochenblatt” – a source to the repertoire played in Gdańsk salons in the second decade of the 19th century, [w:] Musica Baltica. Danzig und die Musikkultur Europas = Gdańsk and European Musical Culture, Gdańsk 2000, s. 388–419 (Prace specjalne nr 57 Akademii Muzycznej im. Stanisława Moniuszki w Gdańsku).
Babnis M., Czasopisma kulturalne wydawane w Gdańsku do połowy XIX wieku, „Libri Gedanenses” t 19/20 (2001/2002) [2003], s. 60–85.
Babnis M., Drukarstwo gdańskie w czasach zaboru pruskiego (1793–1919), „Libri Gedanenses” t. 15/16 (1997–1998) [1998], s. 89–118.
Babnis M., Życie kulturalne w Gdańsku w czasach zaboru pruskiego (1793–1919). Teatr i muzyka, „Gdański Rocznik Kulturalny”, t. 15 (1994), s. 22–41.
Encyklopedia Muzyczna PWM, red. E. Dziębowska, Kraków 1987. Loew P.O., Lexikon Danziger Komponisten (Mitte 19. bis Mitte 20. Jahrhundert). Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der lokalen Musikkultur, [w:] Musikalische Beziehungen zwischen Mitteldeutschland und Danzig im 18. Jahrhundert, hg. D. Popinigis, K.-P. Koch, Sinzig 2002 (=IME 1/9).
Michalak J.M., Od Förstera do Frühlinga. Przyczynki do dziejów życia muzycznego i teatralnego dawnego Gdańska, Gdańsk 2009 (Kultura Muzyczna Północnych Ziem Polski nr 12).
Zakrzewska-Nikiporczyk B., Życie muzyczne Pomorza w latach 1815–1920, Gdańsk 1982 (Kultura Muzyczna Północnych Ziem Polski nr 2).

„Hofmeister Monatsberichte”, https://hofmeister.rhul.ac.uk/2008/index.html
Allgemeiner Wohnungs-Anzeiger von Danzig und dessen Vorstädte (1849), https://digitale-bibliothekmv.de/viewer/image/PPN823208621_1849/1/
Eduard Sobolewski, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eduard_Sobolewski
Elektroniczna Baza Bibliografii Estreichera (EBBE), https://www.estreicher.uj.edu.pl
Gliński M., Księgarstwo, https://www.gedanopedia.pl/gdansk/?title=KSI%C4%98GARSTWO
Hermann Buchholz, https://opac.rism.info/metaopac/singleHit.do?methodToCall=showHit&cur- Pos=3&identifier=251_SOLR_SERVER_1652492539RISM
Karlsruher Virtueller Katalog, https://kvk.bibliothek.kit.edu/
Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: A.G. Harpf, https://portal.dnb.de/opac/simpleSearch?query=A.+G.+Harpf
Michalak J.M., Carl Anton Reichel, https://www.gedanopedia.pl/gdansk/?title=REICHEL_CARL_ ANTON
Michalak J.M., Ludwig Traugott Granzin, https://www.gedanopedia.pl/gdansk/?title=GRANZIN_ LUDWIG_TRAUGOTT
Paluchowski P., Drukarstwo i drukarnie, https://www.gedanopedia.pl/gdansk/?title=DRUKARSTWO_ I_DRUKARNIE
Reinhold Bergell, https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinhold_Bergell
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Kubiak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Dział Zbiorów Specjalnych, PAN Biblioteka Gdańska, ul. Wałowa 15, 80-858 Gdańsk
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Abstract

The article is devoted to study of the structure of the artistic expanse in Marina Tsvetaeva’s autobiographical essay Mother and Music. This structure is rich and complex; containing the following elements: concrete-geographical, spatial-physical, archetypal, emotional-psychological, sacred‑spiritual as well as others. Each of them, to one degree or another, reflects the peculiarities of the writer’s worldview, her creative manner, as well as her subjective attitude to the objective phenomena of surrounding reality. In the holistic context of this essay, the author contrasts two grandiose Universes – the mother’s world with her music and the daughter’s world with her poetry. The relativity and variability of the relevant spatial, psychological and other parameters emphasize the absoluteness of those eternal values of existence, on which the masterly organized system of Tsvetaeva’s prose is based.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ирина Бетко
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Warmińsko‑Mazurski w Olsztynie
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Abstract

The airflow in the mouth of an open and closed flue organ pipe of corresponding geometrical proportions is studied. The phase locked particle image velocimetry with subsequent analysis by the biorthogonal decomposition is employed in order to compare the flow mechanisms and related features. The most significant differences lie in the mean velocity distribution and rapidity of the jet lateral motion. Remarks on the pressure estimation from PIV data and its importance for the aeroacoustic source terms are made and a specific example is discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Viktor Hruška
Pavel Dlask
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Abstract

The current of minor literatures – developed by Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari on the basis of an analysis of Franz Kafka's works – is a kind of breakthrough in the modern and post-modern interpretation of literary texts. Its basic aspect is the minority, expressed in various ways, determined by the social exclusion of the artist, set within the framework of a dominant foreign culture, the emanation of which is primarily language. This immanent feature affects all levels of a literary work, leading to the creation of a specific apparatus. One of the most interesting representatives of this current is Sigizmund Krzhizhanovsky – a Russian writer from a Polish noble family. The writer's work – focused mainly on criticism of the central category of logos – is based on a set of philosophical concepts that transfer reflections to a paradigm different from the modernist or socialist realist tradition. One of the key objects of analysis in such an approach is the question of sound and the reception of music itself. The author of the article presents the concept of sound philosophy present in Krzhizhanovsky’s works, which at the same time characterizes the whole current of minor literatures and – similarly to other sign systems – introduces a distinction between minor and dominant elements.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Łaniewski

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