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Abstract

Neodymium-Iron-Boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnets are considered to have the highest energy density, and their applications include electric motors, generators, hard disc drives, and MRI. It is well known that a fiber structure with a high aspect ratio and the large specific surface area has the potential to overcome the limitations, such as inhomogeneous structures and the difficulty in alignment of easy axis, associated with such magnets obtained by conventional methods. In this work, a suitable heat-treatment procedure based on single-step and multistep treatments to synthesize sound electrospun Nd-Fe-B-O nanofibers of Φ572 nm was investigated. The single-step heat-treated (directly heat-treated at 800°C for 2 h in air) samples disintegrated along with the residual organic compounds, whereas the multistep heat-treated (sequential three-step heat-treated including three steps;: dehydration (250°C for 30 min in an inert atmosphere), debinding (650°C for 30 min in air), and calcination (800°C for 1 h in air)) fibers maintained sound fibrous morphology without any organic impurities. They could maintain such fibrous morphologies during the dehydration and debinding steps because of the relatively low internal pressures of water vapor and polymer, respectively. In addition, the NdFeO3 alloying phase was dominant in the multistep heat-treated fibers due to the removal of barriers to mass transfer in the interparticles.

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Authors and Affiliations

Eun Ju Jeon
Nu Si A. Eom
Jimin Lee
Bin Lee
Hye Mi Cho
Ji Sun On
Yong-Ho Choa
Bum Sung Kim
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Abstract

In this study, we demonstrated a method of controllably synthesizing one-dimensional nanostructures having a dense or a hollow structure using fibrous sacrificial templates with tunable crystallinity. The fibrous Ga2O3 templates were prepared by calcining the polymer/gallium precursor nanofiber synthesized by an electrospinning process, and their crystallinity was varied by controlling the calcination temperature from 500oC to 900oC. GaN nanostructures were transformed by nitriding the Ga2O3 nanofibers using NH3 gas. All of the transformed GaN nanostructures maintained a one-dimensional structure well and exhibited a diameter of about 50 nm, but their morphology was clearly distinguished according to the crystallinity of the templates. When the templates having a relatively low crystallinity were used, the transformed GaN showed a hollow nanostructure, and as the crystallinity increased, GaN was converted into a denser nanostructure. This morphological difference can be explained as being caused by the difference in the diffusion rate of Ga depending on the crystallinity of Ga2O3 during the conversion from Ga2O3 to GaN. It is expected that this technique will make possible the tubular nanostructure synthesis of nitride functional nanomaterials.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Yun Taek Ko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mijeong Park
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jingyeong Park
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jaeyun Moon
3
ORCID: ORCID
Yong-Ho Choa
1
ORCID: ORCID
Young-In Lee
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Hanyang University, Dept. of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
  2. Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
  3. University of Nevada , Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland PKWY Las Vegas, Nv 89154, United States
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Abstract

The growing interest in one-dimensional tin oxide-based nanomaterials boosts research on both high-quality nanomaterials as well as production methods. This is due to the fact that they present unique electrical and optical properties that enable their application in various (opto)electronic devices. Thus, the aim of the paper was to produce ceramic SnO₂ nanowires using electrospinning with the calcination method, and to investigate the influence of the calcination temperature on the morphology, structure and optical properties of the obtained material. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to examine the morphology and chemical structure of obtained nanomaterials. The optical properties of manufactured one-dimensional nanostructures were investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Moreover, based on the UV-Vis spectra, the energy band gap of the prepared nanowires was determined. The analysis of the morphology of the obtained nanowires showed that both the concentration of the precursor in the spinning solution and the calcination temperature have a significant impact on the diameter of the nanowires and, consequently, on their optical properties.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tomasz Tański
1
ORCID: ORCID
Weronika Smok
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wiktor Matysiak
1

  1. Department of Engineering Material and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 18A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

The aim of this work was to produce a thin SnO2 film by a technique combining the sol-gel method and electrospinning from a solution based on polyvinylpyrrolidone and a tin chloride pentahydrate as a precursor. The spinning solution was subjected to an electrospinning process, and then the obtained nanofiber mats were calcined for 10 h at 500°C. Then, the scanning electron microscopy morphology analysis and chemical composition analysis by X-ray microanalysis of the manufactured thin film was performed. It was shown that an amorphous-crystalline layer formed by the SnO2 nanofiber network was obtained. Based on the UV-Vis spectrum, the width of the energy gap of the obtained layer was determined.

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Authors and Affiliations

W. Matysiak
T. Tański
W. Smok
S. Polishchuk
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Abstract

The technique of electrospinning was employed to fabricate uniform one-dimensional inorganic-organic composite nanofibers at room temperature from a solution containing equal volumes of aluminum 2, 4-pentanedionate in acetone and polyvinylpyrrolidone in ethanol. Upon firing and sintering under carefully pre-selected time-temperature profiles (heating rate, temperature and soak time), high-purity and crystalline alumina nanofibers retaining the original morphological features present in the as-spun composite (cermer) fibers were obtained. Tools such as laser Raman spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy together with energy dispersive spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction were employed to follow

the systematic evolution of the ceramic phase and its morphological features in the as-spun and the fired fibers. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the crystalline fate of the final product.

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Authors and Affiliations

A.-M. Azad
M. Noibi
M. Ramachandran
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Abstract

Constantly developing nanotechnology provides the possibility of manufacturing nanostructured composites with a polymer matrix doped with ceramic nanoparticles, including ZnO. A specific feature of polymers, i.e. ceramic composite materials, is an amelioration in physical properties for polymer matrix and reinforcement. The aim of the paper was to produce thin fibrous composite mats, reinforced with ZnO nanoparticles and a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) matrix obtained by means of the electrospinning process and then examining the influence of the strength of the reinforcement on the morphology and optical properties of the composite nanofibers. The morphology and structure of the fibrous mats was examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). UV –Vis spectroscopy allowed to examine the impact of zinc oxide on the optical properties of PVP/ZnO nanofibers and to investigate the width of the energy gap.

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Authors and Affiliations

W. Matysiak
T. Tański
M. Zaborowska
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Abstract

Black TiO 2nanofibers have recently emerged as a promising material that has both advantages of black metal oxide and one-dimensional nanostructure. However, current reduction-based synthesis approaches are not compatible with practical applications because these processes require high process costs, complicated processes, and sophisticated control. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop a simple and facile method that can easily introduce atomic defects during the synthesis process. This work suggests an electrospinning process with an antioxidant and subsequent calcination process for the facile synthesis of black TiO 2 nanofibers. The synthesized black TiO 2 nanofiber has an average diameter of 50.3 nm and a rutile structure. Moreover, this nanofiber represented a noticeable black color and a bandgap of 2.67 eV, clearly demonstrating the bandgap narrowing by the introduced atomic defects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Myeongjun Ji
1
ORCID: ORCID
Eung Ryong Kim
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mi-Jeong Park
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hee Yeon Jeon
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jaeyun Moon
2
ORCID: ORCID
Jongmin Byun
1
ORCID: ORCID
Young-In Lee
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul, 01811, Republic of Korea
  2. University of Nevada, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Las Vegas, 4505 S. Maryland PKWY Las Vegas, NV 89154, United States

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