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Number of results: 12
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Abstract

In the paper the parametric optimization problem for a linear system with two delays and a PD-controller is presented. In the parametric optimization problem the quadratic performance index is considered. The value of the quadratic index of quality is calculated due to the Lyapunov functional and is equal to the value of that functional for the initial function of the neutral system with two delays. The Lyapunov functional is determined by means of the Lyapunov matrix.

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Authors and Affiliations

Józef Duda
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Abstract

Strategies and roadmaps are essential in areas that require long-term planning, such as the energy transition. Strategic plans can play an important role in developing visions for reducing CO2 emissions, developing renewable energy sources (RES) and hydrogen technologies. Hydrogen can be included in value chains in various sectors of the economy as raw material, emission-free fuel, or as an energy carrier and storage. The analysis of the future of hydrogen energy, which is an essential component of transforming the economy into an environmentally neutral one, is an integral part of the strategies of the European Union (EU) Member States.
This article reviews the strategic documents of the EU countries in the field of a hydrogen economy. Currently, six EU Member States have approved the hydrogen strategy (Germany, France, the Netherlands, Portugal, Hungary, Czech Republic), and two of them have roadmaps (Spain, Finland). The others are working on their completion in 2021. EU countries have the possibility of energy transformation based on a hydrogen policy, including green hydrogen, within the framework of the European Green Deal, i.e. aiming for climate neutrality and creating a modern and environmentally friendly economy.
By 2030, some of the countries plan to become a leader not only in the field of hydrogen production or RES development aimed at this process but also in the areas of research and development (R&D), sales of new technologies, and international cooperation. Member countries are focused on the production of clean hydrogen using electrolysis, creating incentives to stimulate demand, developing a hydrogen market, and implementing hydrogen infrastructure.
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Authors and Affiliations

Renata Koneczna
1
ORCID: ORCID
Justyna Cader
1 2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
  2. Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The concept of a socially “just transition” should not only guide the redevelopment of coal mining regions, opening up the way to technological progress. It is also a chance for the rest of Poland to improve the quality of life and attain carbon neutrality.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Drobniak
1

  1. Faculty of Strategic and Regional Studies at the University of Economics in Katowice, Poland
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Abstract

After Italy declared war on Great Britain and France on June 10, 1940 Turkey remained neutral, despite the fact that the treaty with Western powers obliged it to enter the war in such circumstances. Turkish government referred to the Second Protocol attached to the Treaty of Mutual Assistance which made possible for the Turkish side to ignore their obligations in case a threat of armed conflict with Soviet Union. However it is still not known if this was real reason for Turkish decision. The aim of this article is to review interpretations of Turkish attitude that have been present in historiography since the war. It includes short-term and long-term factors of Turkish decision from June 1940. In addition, attention was concentrated on British intelligence sources, which, in relation to the period between spring and summer of 1940, have not yet been taken into account by scholars when trying to determinate Turkish motives.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Zdulski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Lodz, Poland
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Abstract

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a disease extremely harmful to pig health. Intramuscular and Houhai acupoint injections are the main immunization routes to prevent and control PED. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these two routes in pregnant sows based on serum IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibody levels. PED virus (PEDV) immunoprophylaxis with live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines was administered. The vaccinations for the intramuscular injections elevated IgG and neutralizing antibody levels more than Houhai acupoint injections at most timepoints after immunization. However, the anti-PEDV IgA antibodies induced by vaccination with the two immunization routes did not differ significantly. In conclusion, intramuscular injections are better than Houhai acupoint injections for PEDV vaccination of pregnant sows.
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Bibliography

1. Brown J, Poonsuk K, Cheng TY, Rademacher C, Kalkwarf E, Tian L, McKeen LA, Wang C, Gimenez-Lirola L, Baum D, Karriker LA (2023) Comparison of two diagnostic assays for the detection of serum neutralizing antibody to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Animals (Basel) 13:757.
2. Hsueh FC, Chang YC, Kao CF, Hsu CW, Chang HW (2020) Intramuscular immunization with chemokine-adjuvanted inactive porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces substantial protection in pigs. Vaccines (Basel) 8:102.
3. Jin H, Wu Y, Bi S, Xu Y, Shi F, Li X, Ma X, Hu S (2020) Higher immune response induced by vaccination in Houhai acupoint relates to the lymphatic drainage of the injection site. Res Vet Sci 130: 230-236.
4. Jung K, Saif LJ, Wang Q (2020) Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV): An update on etiology, transmission, pathogenesis, and pre-vention and control. Virus Res 286: 198045.
5. Krishna VD, Kim Y, Yang M, Vannucci F, Molitor T, Torremorell M, Cheeran MC (2020) Immune responses to porcine epidemic diar-rhea virus (PEDV) in swine and protection against subsequent infection. PLoS One 15: e0231723.
6. Langel SN, Paim FC, Alhamo MA, Buckley A, Van Geelen A, Lager KM, Vlasova AN, Saif LJ (2019) Stage of gestation at porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection of pregnant swine impacts maternal immunity and lactogenic immune protection of neonatal suckling piglets. Front Immunol 10: 727.
7. Lee C (2015) Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: an emerging and re-emerging epizootic swine virus. Virol J 12: 193.
8. Lv C, Xiao Y, Li X, Tian K (2016) Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus: current insights. Virus Adapt Treat 8: 1-12.
9. Shibata I, Tsuda T, Mori M, Ono M, Sueyoshi M, Uruno K (2000) Isolation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in porcine cell cultures and experimental infection of pigs of different ages. Vet Microbiol 72: 173-182.
10. Sun D, Wang X, Wei S, Chen J, Feng L (2016) Epidemiology and vaccine of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in China: a mini-review. J Vet Med Sci 78: 355-363.
11. Xu W, Hu S (2021) Administration of infectious bursal disease vaccine in Houhai acupoint promotes robust immune responses in chickens. Res Vet Sci 142: 149-153.
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Authors and Affiliations

C. Hu
1
X. Xie
2
D. Zhao
3
H. Liu
1
ORCID: ORCID
X. Liu
4
T. Yang
5
W. Sun
6

  1. Pulike Biological Engineering Inc., Luoyang, Henan, 471000, China
  2. Yiyang Vocational and Technical College, Yiyang, Hunan, 413055, China
  3. College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
  4. Xiangtan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411104, China
  5. College of Life Sciences and Resource Environment, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi, 336000, China
  6. Sinopharm Animal Health Corporation Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
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Abstract

Nowadays, fighting to stop climate change is not only possibility, it is indisputably an imperative for our future life on the Earth. The concept of climate neutrality was established at the beginning of the twenty-first century but has gained importance in the last decade. Climate neutrality can be achieved if CO2 emissions are reduced to a minimum and all remaining CO2 emissions are offset with climate protection measures. In order to limit global warming to 1.5°C – a threshold the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) suggested is safe – climate neutrality is essential by 2050. The main aim of this article is to identify activities aimed at neutralizing the impact of mining and energy companies in Poland on climate and to assess the approach of commercial banks in Poland towards financing their activities towards climate neutrality. The article verifies the research hypothesis stating that commercial banks in Poland support the financing of activities conducive to achieving climate neutrality by companies from mining and energy industries. The empirical research was carried out in three stages. It included data analysis, case study and questionnaire survey. The study shows that the mining and energy industry in Poland is aware of the need to implement quick actions to reduce their negative impact on the environment and to achieve climate neutrality by 2050. Moreover, it has been proven that the banking sector in Poland is open to financing socially responsible investments (SRI) supporting activities for climate neutrality.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Nocoń
1

  1. University of Economics in Katowice, Poland
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Abstract

Is climate neutrality an attainable goal for Poland? What does the term mean, and what challenges does it pose to human civilization? These and other questions are addressed by Prof. Bolesław Zaporowski of the Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznań University of Technology.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bolesław Zaporowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Poznan, Poalnd
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Abstract

The neutral point clamped (NPC) three-level grid-tied converter is the key equipment connecting renewable energy and power grids. The current sensor fault caused by harsh environment may lead to the split of renewable energy. The existing sensor fault-tolerant methods will reduce the modulation ratio index of the converter system. To ensure continuous operation of the converter system and improve the modulation index, a model predictive control method based on reconstructed current is proposed in this paper. According to the relationship between fault phase current and a voltage vector, the original voltage vector is combined and classified. To maintain the stable operation of the converter and improve the utilization rate of DC voltage, two kinds of fault phase current are reconstructed with DC current, normal phase current and predicted current, respectively. Based on reconstructed three-phase current, a current predictive control model is designed, and a model predictive control method is proposed. The proposed method selects the optimal voltage vector with the cost function and reduces time delay with the current reconstruction sector. The simulation and experimental results showthat the proposed strategy can keep the NPC converter running stably with one AC sensor, and the modulation index is increased from 57.7% to 100%.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yanyan Li
1
ORCID: ORCID
Han Xiao
1
Nan Jin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Guanglu Yang
1 2

  1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, China
  2. Nanyang Cigarette Factory, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., China
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Abstract

The aim of the article is presentation and critical analysis of various interpretations of neutral monism (in Bertrand Russell’s version). The subject of the author’s particular interest is the analysis of the main methodological assumptions of neutral monism, which are presented as a method of deriving logical constructions. The article discusses problems inspired by the following questions: What is the declared neutrality of base objects? Is neutral monism a kind of reductionism? Is it an ontological or logical‑epistemological position? What is the place of phenomenal consciousness in the universe of neutral monism? Can neutral monism be reconciled with different versions of emergence theory? Does neutral monism solve the mind‑body problem? Finally, the possibility of non‑standard interpretation of neutral monism is outlined by reference to information theory.
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Authors and Affiliations

Robert Poczobut
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Instytut Filozofii, Plac NZS 1, 15-420 Białystok
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Abstract

The article focused on the place of feminized job/activity titles in the modern Ukrainian language, their perception and use. In particular, it contains analysis of lexicographical works which show the gradual increase in the number of such language units during the 20th – early 21st century within Ukrainian. This process has happened against the background of increased educational and professional opportunities for women. During that time feminized job/ activity titles have become so regular in the speech practice of Ukrainians that eventually they were introduced in dictionaries. However, for a long time these language units remained stylistically marked as ‘colloquial’ or ‘vernacular’. Scrolling through social networks shows that even today they are sometimes perceived as mocking or contemptuous words. The results of a poll illustrate that speakers associate them with feminist movements or political factors, but mostly recognize feminized job/activity titles as a manifestation of the synchronization of social and linguistic processes. Today, the main issues regarding feminized job/activity titles in Ukrainian are their further standardization and the possibility of neutralizing any stylistic colouring.

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Authors and Affiliations

Юлія Макарець
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Національний педагогічний університет імені М.П. Драгоманова (Київ)
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Abstract

In this study, static behaviors of functionally graded plates resting on Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation using the four-variable refined theory and the physical neutral surface concept is reported. The four-variable refined theory assumes that the transverse shear strain has a parabolic distribution across the plate’s thickness, thus, there is no need to use the shear correction factor. The material properties of the plate vary continuously and smoothly according to the thickness direction by a power-law distribution. The geometrical middle surface of the functionally graded plate selected in computations is very popular in the existing literature. By contrast, in this study, the physical neutral surface of the plate is used. Based on the four-variable refined plate theory and the principle of virtual work, the governing equations of the plate are derived. Next, an analytical solution for the functionally graded plate resting on the Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundation is solved using the Navier’s procedure. In numerical investigations, a comparison of the static behaviors of the functionally graded plate between several models of displacement field using the physical neutral surface is given, and parametric studies are also presented.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Van Loi Nguyen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Minh Tu Tran
1
ORCID: ORCID
Van Long Nguyen
1
Quang Huy Le
2

  1. Department of Strength of Materials, National University of Civil Engineering, Hanoi, Vietnam
  2. Department of Highway Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Transport Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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Abstract

In this paper, we prove the controllability of mild solutions of neutral functional evolution equations with state-dependent delay and nonlocal conditions. We establish the non local controllability of mild solutions under certain conditions by combining Avramescu’s nonlinear alternative for the sum of compact and contraction operators in Fréchet spaces with semigroup theory.
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Authors and Affiliations

Chahrazed Boudefla
1
ORCID: ORCID
Selma Baghli-Bendimerad
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Po. Box 89, Laboratory of Mathematics, Djillali LiabesUniversity of Sidi Bel-Abbès 22000, Algeria

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