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Number of results: 95
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Abstract

The article presents an example of the use of functional series for the analysis of nonlinear systems for discrete time signals. The homogeneous operator is defined and it is decomposed into three component operators: the multiplying operator, the convolution operator and the alignment operator. An important case from a practical point of view is considered – a cascade connection of two polynomial systems. A new, binary algorithm for determining the sequence of complex kernels of cascade from two sequences of kernels of component systems is presented. Due to its simplicity, it can be used during iterative processes in the analysis of nonlinear systems (e.g. feedback systems).

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Siwczyński
S. Żaba
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Abstract

In this paper the way of modeling phenomena occurring during the voltage and current waves passing through a point connection of two lines, with different wave impedance operators, is presented. This connection point is called „the wave transformer”. The analyzes and the resulting formulas concern not the frequency domain, but the time domain. The appropriate transition matrices of waves through the wave transformer are defined. This matrices are the convolution integral-derivative operators of fractional order (the digital filters). For a lossless line the wave transition matrices through the wave transformer become number type instead of operator type. All matrix multiplications occurring in the formulas should be understood in convolution way.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Siwczyński
Andrzej Drwal
Sławomir Żaba
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Abstract

Methods of reliability engineering allow to anticipate an efficiency both geodetic network and single control points throughout the period of its operating. A reliability assessment of a predicted survey object behaviour produces data useful in optimisation of survey scope. timetable and accuracy. The essentials of reliability approach and procedures of finding of operational reliability characteristics have been presented in the paper. The presented characteristics include: the failure rate function ,i(/), the reliability function R(I) and the random object life F(1). Methods applied in reliability engineering viz. method of complete probability and method of evaluation of raw and parallel reliable structures have been adopted for survey purposes. Besides the standard ones original methods are also presented in the paper. Their concept lies on finding of stability functions and reliability characteristics indicated by means of statistical tests referring to density probability of predicted displacements. Although the presented theory is of general character the main application is focused on levelling networks.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bogdan Wolski
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Abstract

In this paper, we show that the signal sampling operation considered as a non-ideal one, which incorporates finite time switching and operation of signal blurring, does not lead, as the researchers would expect, to Dirac impulses for the case of their ideal behavior.
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Borys
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
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Abstract

The study on cognitive workload is a field of research of high interest in the digital society.

The implementation of ‘Industry 4.0’ paradigm asks the smart operators in the digital factory

to accomplish more ‘cognitive-oriented’ than ‘physical-oriented’ tasks. The Authors propose

an analytical model in the information theory framework to estimate the cognitive workload

of operators. In the model, subjective and physiological measures are adopted to measure

the work load. The former refers to NASA-TLX test expressing subjective perceived work

load. The latter adopts Heart Rate Variability (HRV) of individuals as an objective indirect

measure of the work load. Subjective and physiological measures have been obtained by

experiments on a sample subjects. Subjects were asked to accomplish standardized tasks

with different cognitive loads according to the ‘n-back’ test procedure defined in literature.

Results obtained showed potentialities and limits of the analytical model proposed as well as

of the experimental subjective and physiological measures adopted. Research findings pave

the way for future developments.

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Authors and Affiliations

Salvatore Digiesi
Vito Modesto Manghisi
Francesco Facchini
Elisa Maria Klose
Mario Massimo Foglia
Carlotta Mummolo
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Abstract

The operational mineral deposit reconnaissance tends to evaluate its parameters to conduct safe and profitable production. Particular deposit parameters, important from the point of mineral deposit management, are estimated on the basis of observations carried out by mining geological surveys. These observations usually involve sampling, drilling, laboratory analyses and others. The use of fuzzy description to assess the parameters of the mineral deposit was proposed in the paper. In the fuzzy characteristics, an imprecise descriptive description appeared in place of a particular numerical quantity. This approach was used to description of the ore deposit features (metal content, volume, and metal yield) by assigning them specific characteristic functions, whose distributions were based on basic statistical quantities. Characteristic functions can be used to prepare operational strategies for any configuration of required deposit parameters resulting from the production management needs. For this purpose, selected logical operators of fuzzy sets were used. In the next approach to fuzzy modeling, an opportunity to characterize the deposit in a subjective approach was indicated, where the assessment of the deposit parameters is based on rough, in some way, discretionary observation and evaluation. Such model construction enabled the overall assessment of the deposit from the point of view of any parameters. Through the implementation of appropriate inference rules, adequate fuzzy control planes were obtained, which may also be useful in the context of operational mine strategy planning.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mariusz Krzak
Paweł Panajew
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Abstract

In the event of occupational accidents in mining, investors can calculate approximately how much loss will be incurred at the time of the accident. However, in halting mining as a result of occupational accidents or legislation, investors, will perhaps not care about how much of a loss to profits will arise due to the resulting downtime of mining operations. The reason for this is that there is no such halting in mining operation as yet and mining activity is continued. Avoiding halting mines due to occupational accidents and legislation would enable the prevention of unexpected costs resulting from these time losses. The aim of this study was to find out how much the loss of profits resulting from the downtime of mining enterprises due to the aforementioned reasons are in total, and how much the ratio of loss of profits to annual operating costs is on average on an annual basis. To determine the loss of profits and to minimize the accidents in enterprises, permanent supervisors, who are assigned in the enterprises where they are working, were given a survey through the SurveyMonkey program. Of the 235 permanent supervisors who filled out the survey on behalf of the mining enterprises, 58 answered all of the multiple-choice questions examined in the study. These questions were analyzed together according to different mineral groups and differences in mining operation methods. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the annual loss of profits of mining enterprises resulting from the aforementioned periods of downtime, and the ratio of these values to the annual operating costs constitute a rather significant share. The aim of the article was to raise awareness to have mining companies appropriate more funds for occupational health and safety.
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Authors and Affiliations

Taşkın Deniz Yıldız
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science And Technology University, Department of Mining Engineering, Turkey
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Abstract

The fact that mines have to be established at the place where they are located without having a chance to choose a location brings out area usage conflicts with areas that need to be protected. In fact, forestlands are most common in these overlapping areas in Turkey. In order to perform mining activities in this overlapping forestlands, mining enterprises in Turkey receive forest land permit fees (FLPF), reforestation fees, rehabilitation fees + security deposit of conformity to the environment (SDCE), and other fees. In order to determine the share of these costs in mining investments and operating costs (OC) and to bring a solution proposal so that these costs do not pose a risk of loss of the investment in the mining enterprises, questions have been asked to mining enterprises within Turkey using the “Survey Monkey” program. The averages of all forest fees determined from the answers are proportioned to the mining investment amounts (MIA) and the annual average OC of each mining company responding to the Survey.

Thus, the distribution criteria of different forest fees that are required to be paid by the mining enterprises in order to carry out mining operations in the forestlands in Turkey and their distribution on the basis of mineral groups were analyzed. In this calculation, it was suggested that all the fees in Turkey should be reduced to a more reasonable degree by suggesting solutions regarding the calculation method envisaged by the FLPF, which has a very high share. Otherwise, the result of these rates shows that the costs of forest land-use for mining stipulated by the legislation in Turkey are quite high compared to other countries, and that the current mining investments can have difficulty in maintaining their economic operability in the presence of these required costs.

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Authors and Affiliations

Taşkın Deniz Yildiz
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Abstract

A companion robot is capable of performing a variety of activities and thus supporting the elderly and people withdisabilities. It should be able to overcome obstacles on its own, respond to what is happening around it in real-time, andcommunicate with its surroundings. It is particularly important to pay attention to these issues, as a companion robot is likely tobecome a participant in traffic. The aim of the research is to develop a mathematical model that takes into account the use of twonavigation solutions in the companion robot. Thanks to this, it will be possible to use the obtained mathematical relationships tocompare various types of navigation and make a rational choice, enabling the implementation of the assumed activities in aspecific external environment. What is new in this article is the analysis of several navigation methods and the presentation ofresearch carried out in real time using an actual robot.
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Authors and Affiliations

Karolina Krzykowska-Piotrowska
Emilia Grabka
Ewa Dudek
Adam Rosiński
ORCID: ORCID
Kamil Maciuk
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Abstract

In this paper, a new set of intuitionistic fuzzy aggregation operators have been introduced under the environment of intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). For this, firstly focused on some existing aggregation operators and then new operational rules known as Dombi operation have been pro- posed which make the advancement of flexibility behavior with the parameter. Based on Dombi operation laws, some new averaging and geometric aggregation operators namely, intuitionistic fuzzy Dombi weighted averaging, ordered weighted averaging and hybrid weighted averaging operator, classified as IFDWA, IFDOWA and IFDHWA operators respectively and intuitionistic fuzzy Dombi geometric, ordered weighted geometric and hybrid weighted geometric operators, labeled as IFDWG, IFDOWG and IFDHWG operators respectively have been proposed. Further, some properties such as idempotency, boundedness, monotonicity and commutative are investigated. Finally, a multi-attribute decision-making model has been developed for the proposed operators to select the best mutual fund for investment. The execution of the comparative study has been examined with the existing operators in this environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

Chiranjibe Jane
Madhumangal Pal
Guiwu Wei
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Abstract

Ship management is a topic that has rarely been approached in the modern Polish maritime legal sciences. There are numerous reasons behind the present state of affairs but it seems that the foremost one is, that the focus in political, legal and economic discourse is still on the legal aspects of ship ownership. This trend continues despite the fact that today over 73% of world shipping tonnage is managed by the specialized ship management entities. An economic analysis has proven that year after year Poland was ceasing to be a large ship owning nation, it used to be, and that this trend is unlikely to be reversed in the short and mid-term perspective. Poland may, however, still continue to play a vital role in the world of shipping by becoming a ship management centre. This article aims to introduce the Readers to the selected aspects of ship management operations.

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Authors and Affiliations

Radosław Stefaniak
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Abstract

The paper characterizes the status, trends and perspectives of irrigation in Poland after the reforms in agriculture and technology. Irrigation in Poland has supplemental character. It is used in short periods during the growing season and plays an important role in mitigating the effects of drought on crop production. Sub-irrigation from ditches is applied on permanent grasslands, sprin-kling – in field cultivation of arable crops, sprinkling and drip irrigation – in vegetable growing in open areas, micro-jets and drip irrigation systems – in orchards. Drip irrigation and micro-jets sys-tems are also applied in plant cultivation in greenhouses.

Under the economic conditions of Polish agriculture irrigation is often an unprofitable measure. The existing irrigation systems and facilities are only used to a small extent. After changes in the forms of ownership in agriculture, the large-area sprinkling systems were degraded. Small irrigation systems, mainly drip irrigation and micro-sprinkler irrigation, have recently become more common in private farms. Sub-irrigation systems are largely degraded and used only to a small extent if at all. In order to use these systems more effectively, it is necessary to reconstruct and modernize them. In many cases the factor preventing the use of irrigation systems is the deficit of water of required qual-ity and its availability. Besides unfavourable economic conditions, it is one of the main limitations in the development of irrigation in Poland.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Łabędzki
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Abstract

Operational Transresistance Amplifier (OTRA) has been a topic of great interest recently. OTRA has proved itself to be an appropriate device for the analog applications. As MOS scaling suffers from various problems, carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNTFET) has came into light as one of the brightest alternative for FET (Field Effect Transistors) based devices. This work has introduced a new CNTFET based OTRA which is capable of realising inverse low pass filter using two OTRAs and few passive elements. CNTFET based OTRA has been designed and simulated at 10nm technology node. The working ability of the designed model has been conformed using HSPICE simulation. It is compared with conventional CMOS based OTRA. The comparative analysis has revealed improvement in various performance parameters. The paper also presents how change in number of carbon nanotube in CNTFETs in OTRA circuit affects the transresistance gain and input impedance. The optimized results are also discussed to improve transresistance gain and input impedance. The paper also dealt with the realisation of inverse low pass filter using proposed CNTFET based OTRA.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dinesh Prasad
Divyam Tayal
Ayesha Yadav
Laxya Singla
Zainab Haseeb
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Abstract

Commonly known DC-AC switching converters are commonly used in compensator branches. One example of this is a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). It consists of a voltage source converter (VSC) and acts as an inverter with a capacitor as a DC power source. These compensators use the PWM switching scheme or space vector modulation (SVM) method. Both methods require the desired signal to be generated. In some cases, as during the synthesis of self-excited systems or active energy-compensators, it is necessary to perform the desired branch immittance, e.g. negative capacitance, inductance, resistance or irrational impedance. In such cases, it is necessary to control the universal branch on the basis of a formula. This article presents the implementation method for the convolutional type impedance operators.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Siwczyński
M. Jaraczewski
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Abstract

The paper raises the issue of optimizing the control of the rural low voltage microgrids. Microgrids can operate in a synchronous mode with grids of distribution system operators and in an island mode. We can distinguish two control strategies in microgrids: one approach based on centralized control logic, which is usually used, and another on decentralized control logic. In this paper we decided to present the approach based on the distributed control, combining the efforts of the distributed cooperative control and modified Monte Carlo optimization method. Special attention has been paid to the impact of the order of processing particular devices’ groups on results of optimization calculations. Moreover, different scenarios of behavior of the microgrid control system with respect to the communication loss have been also presented. The influence of the issue of continuity of communication between particular devices’ groups on the possibility of carrying out the optimization process has been investigated. Additionally, characteristics of power loads and generation of electricity from small renewable energy sources appearing in rural areas have been described and the sensitivity of the optimization algorithm to the changes of demanded power values and changes of values of power generated by renewable energy sources has been studied. We analyzed different objective functions which can be used as an optimization goal both in synchronous and island operation modes of microgrid. We decided to intensively test our approach on a sample rural LV microgrid, which is typical in the countryside. The observed results of the tests have been presented and analyzed in detail. Generally, results achieved with the use of proposed distributed control are the same as with the use of centralized control. We think that the approach based on distributed control is promising for practical applications, because of its advantages.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Parol
P. Kapler
J. Marzecki
R. Parol
M. Połecki
Ł. Rokicki
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Abstract

Faith and culture remain closely connected. Faith that does not become a culture is not the belief of the original. Nevertheless, we can observe two behavioral and confrontational and cooperative models over the history of these two relationships. Confrontation is a kind of cultural opposition to faith. Cooperation is aimed at comprehensive cooperation. The article analyzes the history of these relations which together with the new person’s awareness of the Church was able to develop a new concept of culture through which the Church will not only try to remove accommodation but also try to root in the world. Doing that, Church doesn’t forget about the evangelizing nature of the culture and communicative character of faith. Faith in Christ can be a source of culture with a C hristian profile, however, the point of departure for culture will always be human and not faith. The task of Culture is to express who a person is. Emphasizing this anthropology that portrays a man as a cultural centre goes hand in hand with presenting the human person as a picture of God. The above statement is the summit of personalistic anthropology and the source of the greatest human dignity. In this way, anthropology and Christology are as close as possible to each other.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ks. Witold Kawecki CSSR
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Abstract

The construction and operation of buildings is characterized by resource intensity in the form of massive consumption of raw materials and products, large financial and human labor expenditures, energy consumption, water consumption, long term, and significant environmental impacts, especially during their use. The currently implemented concept of sustainable development and circular economy influences the directions of development of construction industry and increases interest in self-sufficient buildings, especially in terms of energy, use of closed water circuits, use of waste materials. The aim of the article is to analyse the key determinants for the development of autonomous buildings. The general idea is that an autonomous building is designed to function without the support and services provided by public facilities, such as power, water, gas and sewage networks, waste management, and even the provision of food. On the basis of literature analysis and expert interviews, the factors characterizing this type of construction were determined. Their analysis by means of the DEMATEL method allowed to assess and indicate the most significant cause-and effect relationships conditioning the development of autonomous buildings.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Mach
1
ORCID: ORCID
Joanna Sagan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Sobotka
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Resource Management, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The research aims to determine the effect of green maintenance “energy efficiency, health and safety risks, and environmental compatibility“ on environmental performance “environmental condition, operational performance, and management performance“ as analytical research in oil products distribution company by distributing a questionnaire distributed to 46 people. The research problem lies in the weak use of traditional maintenance technology, which negatively affects the environment. The research found that the research company’s reliance on green maintenance is weak in adopting new mechanisms and technologies to enhance environmental performance and the weakness of the efforts exerted by management in the field of environmental performance and the failure to involve its staff in training programs to create a culture of preserving the environment within the culture of the organization. The research recommends the need to use machines with low energy consumption and reduce the volume of pollution.
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Authors and Affiliations

Amer Abdul Latif KADHUM
Huda Adeeb HAMEED
1

  1. Rusafa Institute of Administration, Department of Materials Management Technologies, Iraq
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Abstract

Major manufactures are moving towards a sustainability goal. This paper introduces the results of collaboration with the leading company in the packaging and advertising industry in Germany and Poland. The problem addresses the manufacturing planning problem in terms of minimizing the total cost of production. The challenge was to bring a new production planning method into cardboard manufacturing and paper processing which minimizes waste, improves the return of expenses, and automates daily processes heavily dependent on the production planners’ experience. The authors developed a module that minimizes the total cost, which reduces the overproduction and is used by the company’s manufacturing planning team. The proposed approach incorporates planning allowances rules to compromise the manufacturing requirements and production cost minimization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Kateryna Czerniachowska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Krzysztof Żywicki
2
ORCID: ORCID
Radosław Wichniarek
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Wroclaw, Poland
  2. Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

The paper presents differences between technical states and technical operation states of haul trucks in the technical operation process. The specification and analysis of operational parameters of technological vehicles used in surface mining is possible only due to more and more frequently used diagnostic – telemetric systems. While a detailed analysis of machines operation data can result in the more effective management of mining plant operations and the mining process itself. The determination of operational state indices and their individual components allows preventive actions to be commenced, resulting in improving the work organization of the entire mine machinery system. Moreover, the future technical state of machines operated in surface mining is strictly related to the current state and also depends on the events that occurred in the extraction system. A set of parameter values of individual state characteristics, which allow the haul trucks technical and operational state to be characterized, is a direct effect of a telemetric – diagnostic system operation.

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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Bodziony
Michał Patyk
Zbigniew Kasztelewicz
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Abstract

Spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) provide more free space for decision makers (DMs) to express preference information from four aspects: approval, objection, abstention and refusal. The partitioned Maclaurin symmetric mean (PMSM) operator is an effective information fusion tool, which can fully capture the interrelationships among any multiple attributes in the same block whereas attributes in different block are unrelated. Therefore, in this paper,we first extendPMSM operator to spherical fuzzy environment and develop spherical fuzzy PMSM (SFPMSM) operator as well as spherical fuzzy weighted PMSM (SFWPMSM) operator. Meanwhile, we discuss some properties and special cases of these two operators. To diminish the impact of extreme evaluation values on decision-making results, then we integrate power average (PA) operator and PMSM operator to further develop spherical fuzzy power PMSM (SFPPMSM) operator and spherical fuzzy weighted power PMSM (SFWPPMSM) operator and also investigate their desirable properties. Subsequently, a new multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) method is established based on SFWPPMSM operator under spherical fuzzy environment. Finally, two numerical examples are used to illustrate the proposed method, and comparative analysis with the existing methods to further testy the validity and superiority of the proposed method.
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Authors and Affiliations

Huiyuan Zhang
1 2
Qiang Cai
3
Guiwu Wei
4 3

  1. School of Mathematics and Statistics, Liupanshui Normal University, Liupanshui 553004, Guizhou, P.R. China
  2. School of Mathematical Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, P.R. China
  3. School of Business, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101, P.R. China
  4. School of Mathematical Sciences, Sichuan NormalUniversity, Chengdu, 610101, P.R. China
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Abstract

The linguistic q-rung orthopair fuzzy (L q-ROF) set is an important implement in the research area in modelling vague decision information by incorporating the advantages of q- rung orthopair fuzzy sets and linguistic variables. This paper aims to investigate the multicriteria decision group decision making (MCGDM) with L q-ROF information. To do this, utilizing Hamacher t-norm and t-conorm, some L q-ROF prioritized aggregation operators viz., L q- ROF Hamacher prioritized weighted averaging, and L q-ROF Hamacher prioritized weighted geometric operators are developed in this paper. The defined operators can effectively deal with different priority levels of attributes involved in the decision making processes. In addition, Hamacher parameters incorporated with the proposed operators make the information fusion process more flexible. Some prominent characteristics of the developed operators are also wellproven. Then based on the proposed aggregation operators, an MCGDM model with L q-ROF context is framed. A numerical example is illustrated in accordance with the developed model to verify its rationality and applicability. The impacts of Hamacher and rung parameters on the achieved decision results are also analyzed in detail. Afterwards, a comparative study with other representative methods is presented in order to reflect the validity and superiority of the proposed approach.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nayana Deb
1
Arun Sarkar
2
Animesh Biswas
1

  1. Department of Mathematics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani – 741235, India
  2. Department of Mathematics, Heramba Chandra College, Kolkata – 700029, India
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Abstract

This paper presents novel discrete differential operators for periodic functions of one- and two-variables, which relate the values of the derivatives to the values of the function itself for a set of arbitrarily chosen points over the function’s area. It is very characteristic, that the values of the derivatives at each point depend on the function values at all points in that area. Such operators allow one to easily create finite-difference equations for boundaryvalue problems. The operators are addressed especially to nonlinear differential equations.
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Bibliography

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[20] Jaraczewski M., Sobczyk T., Leakage Inductances of Transformers at Arbitrarily Located Windings, Energies, vol. 13, no. 23, 6464 (2020), DOI: 10.3390/en13236464.

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Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Jan Sobczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, 24 Warszawska str., 31-155 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

The paper contains a description of the geometry of Beveloid gears. It describes the distribution of forces in a Beveloid gear with a straight tooth line and a helical tooth line. The paper presents research on the experimentally determined parameters of transmission operation, including the sound pressure level and the amount of heat emitted during operation. The design and construction of the test stand were presented. The research methodology was described. Operational tests are carried out on household appliances with Beveloid gears: Grinder and Jam mixer. Thanks to an appropriately selected narrowing angle, estimated values of service life extension of the above-mentioned transmissions are given.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Strojny
1

  1. The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstańców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland

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