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Number of results: 5
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Abstract

Yezupil is the first Middle Palaeolithic site discovered in upper part of the Dnister River valley. It is situated in a set of sediments composed of loess and fossil soils lying on alluvia. The results of geological and palaeopedological investigations are presented. They contain lithological and geochemical analyses (main components and trace elements), as well as micromorphological study. Palaeo- and petromagnetic record is presented too. Horohiv pedocomplex developed from the older, Wartanian loess. It is composed of luvisol originated during the Eemian Interglacial and chernozem soil - during the Early Vistulian interstadials. An subarctic brown Dubno soil dated to the Interplenivistulian (Middle Vistulian interstadials) separates two parts of the younger loess. Older assemblage of Middle Palaeolithic-Mousterian culture with Levalloisian technique was found in the E horizon of the luvisol and therefore it could be dated to the Eemian Interglacial. Younger Middle Palaeolithic-Micequian- type materials were situated in partially redeposited by solifluction, Early Vistulian chernozem. Scanty and uncharacteristic Upper Palaeolithic assemblage was found in interstadiał Dubno palaeosol
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Authors and Affiliations

Andriy Bogutskiy
Krzysztof J. Cyrek
Krystyna Konecka-Batley
Maria Łanczont
Teresa Madeyska
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Abstract

Pollen and palcopedological studies have been carried out in parallel for the Stari Bezradychy sequence of the Upper Pleistocene age. The paleoenvironmental information derived from both sets of data is in general well correlated. The section presents a rather complete sequence of the last interglacial-glacial cycle. It includes eight units of the Ukrainian Stratigraphical Framework of the Pleistocene. Interglacial climatic optimum is registered by pollen succession of the Mikulino (Ecmian) type in the climax forest palcosols of Pryluky-Kaydaky pedocomplcx at the base of the sequence, above the Dnieper Glacial deposits. The coldest and most continental environment is recorded in the youngest loess. The soils of Upper Pryluky, Yytachiv and Dofinivka units are correlated with the Early Glacial and four Plcniglacial interstadials. Multiple environmental variations during the Upper Pleistocene recorded in the Stari Bezradychy sequence arc important for study of global climatic changes and interregional correlation. Tentative correlation with marine isotopic stages is proposed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Natalia G. Gerasimenko
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Abstract

The Tarnawce I profile, which occurs in the marginal eastern part of the Polish Westem Carpathians, contains loesses representing three last glacial cycles. In this paper we report the results of pollen analysis of the Eemian-Early Glacial pedocomplex and of the Lower plcni-Visrulian loesses with an interstadiał paleosol. The pollen spectra of22 samples were determined. The pollen diagram was divided into 7 local pollen assemblage zones (L PAZ). Interglacial climatic optimum was recorded with the Eemian type of vegetation in the T-4 zone. The coldest conditions occurred during the accumulation of loess, which separates the interglacial and interstadiał soils.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maryna Komar
Maria Łanczont
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Abstract

Although much has been written about a cosmic impact event in the Western Alps of the Mt. Viso area, the event closely tied with the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) of 12.8 ka and onset of the Younger Dryas (YD), the affected land surface is considered to contain a similar black mat suite of sediment found on three continents. While work elsewhere has focused on recovered sediment from lake and ice cores, buried lacustrine/alluvial records, and surface glacial and paraglacial records, no one has traced a mountain morphosequence of deposits with the objective of investigating initial weathering/ soil morphogenesis that occurred in ice recessional deposits up to the YDB when the surface was subjected to intense heat, presumably, as hypothesized by Mahaney et al. (2016a) from a cosmic airburst. With the land surface rapidly free of ice following glacial retreat during the Břlling-Allerřd interstadial, weathering processes ~13.5 to 12.8 ka led to weathering and soil morphogenesis in a slow progression as the land surface became free of ice. To determine the exposed land character in the mid- to late-Allerřd, it is possible to utilize an inverted stratigraphic soil morphogenesis working backward in time, from known post-Little Ice Age (LIA) (i.e. time-zero) through LIA (~0.45 to ~0.10 ka), to at least the middle Neoglacial (~2 ka), to answer several questions. What were the likely soil profile states in existence at the end of the Allerřd just prior to the cosmic impact/airburst (YDB)? Assuming these immature weathered regolith sections of the Late Allerřd approximated the <1 ka old profiles seen today, and assuming the land surface was subjected to a hypothesized instant temperature burst from ambient to ~2200oC at ~12.8 ka, what would be the expected effect on the resident sediment? To test the mid-LG (YDB) to YD relationship we analyzed the paleosols in both suites of deposits – mid-LG to YD – to test that the airburst grains are restricted to Late Allerřd paleosols and using relative-age-determination criteria, that the overlapping YD to mid-LG moraines are closely related in time. These are some of the questions about the black mat that we seek to answer with reference to sites in the upper Guil and Po rivers of the Mt. Viso area.
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Authors and Affiliations

William C. Mahaney
Allen West
Alison Milan
David H. Krinsley
Peeter Somelar
Stephane Schwartz
Michael W. Milner
Christopher C.R. Allen
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Abstract

Stacks of the Pleistocene tills and associated airfall/slopewash/colluvial sediment abound on East African Mountains but few localities exist where thick deposits of middle to Late Pleistocene age can be studied to bedrock with topography the main soil-forming agent over <0.8 Ma. Two tills form the main structure of the catena, the oldest buried in the crest, backslope and footslope of the deposit, the youngest forming the crest and upper backslope, with massive colluvial infill forming a still younger sediment mass superposed on older sediment in the lower backslope, footslope and toeslope, the latter all radiocarbon dated to within the last glaciation (Liki on Mt. Kenya; Weichselian in Europe, Wisconsin in North America). The moraine stack, first identified by J.W. Gregory in the late 19th century, as belonging to the ‘Older Glaciation’ (Illinoian in North America; Teleki on Mt. Kenya), is much older than originally thought with tills and other paraglacial sediment extending to saprolitic bedrock, paleomagnetic assessment and relative weathering indices placing the mass in the Brunhes Chron. These results demonstrate that despite erosion and weathering, paleosols in toposequences near the margins of successive glaciations retain properties allowing reconstruction of environmental changes over long periods of time.
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Authors and Affiliations

William C. Mahaney
1
Ronald G.V. Hancock
2

  1. Quaternary Surveys, 26 Thornhill Ave., Thornhill, Ontario, Canada, L4J1J4 and Department of Geography, York University, 4700 Keele St. N. York, Ontario, Canada, M3J 1P3
  2. Department of Anthropology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4K1

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