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Abstract

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent, chronic immune-inflammatory disease of the periodontium that results in the periodontium and alveolar bone loss’s progressive destruction. In this study, the induction of periodontal disease via retentive ligature, lipopolysaccharide, and their combination at three different times were compared in a rat model. Seventy-two Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into four treatment groups: 1) control group with no treatment; 2) application of 4/0 nylon ligature around second maxillary molars; 3) combination of ligature and LPS injection (ligature-LPS); 4) intragingival injection of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide ( Pg-LPS) to the palatal mucosa of the second maxillary molars. Six rats were sacrificed from each group after 7, 14, and 30 days of periodontal disease induction. Alveolar bone loss, attachment loss, number of inflammatory cells, and blood vessels were evaluated histologically. A micro-CT scan was used as a parameter to know the rate of alveolar bone loss. Parametric data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni correction with a significance set at 5%. Non-parametric data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, followed by multiple comparisons with Bonferroni correction. The histological results revealed significant destructive changes in the periodontal tissues and alveolar bone following the ligature and ligature-LPS induction techniques. These changes were evident as early as seven days, maintained until 14 days post-treatment, and declined with time. The ligature technique was effective in inducing acute periodontal disease. The LPS injection technique did not induce alveolar bone loss, and its combination to ligature added insignificant effects.
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Bibliography


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Authors and Affiliations

H. Mustafa
1 2
C.H. Cheng
1
R. Radzi
1
L.S. Fong
1
N.M. Mustapha
1
H.O. Dyary
2

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Abstract

Erythritol helps both prevent and improve periodontal disease and is therefore widely used for dental care in humans. However, only a few studies have investigated the effects of erythritol on periodontal disease in animals. We hypothesized that erythritol could be used to prevent and improve periodontal disease also in canines and investigated the effects of erythritol on canine periodontal disease–related pathogenic bacteria using both in vitro and in vivo methods.
The effect of erythritol on the proliferation of Porphyromonas gulae, which is reportedly associated with canine periodontal disease, was investigated in vitro. In addition, a 4-week intervention trial using an external gel preparation containing 5% erythritol was performed in canines with mild periodontal disease; changes in the microbiota around periodontal lesions were investigated using next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.
The growth of P. gulae was significantly suppressed by erythritol in vitro. In the intervention study, the Shannon index, an indicator of the species distribution α-diversity, and the occupancy of several canine periodontal disease – related bacteria ( P. gulae, P. cangingivalis) were significantly decreased in periodontal lesions.
Based on the results of in vitro and in vivo studies, we conclude that, as in humans, erythritol has bacteriostatic effects against periodontal disease – related bacteria in canines.
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Authors and Affiliations

T. Tochio
1 2
R. Makida
1
T. Fujii
1
Y. Kadota
1
M. Takahashi
1
A. Watanabe
2
K. Funasaka
2
Y. Hirooka
2
A. Yasukawa
3
K. Kawano
2 4

  1. B Food Science Co., Ltd., 24-12, Kitahama-machi, Chita, Aichi 478-0046, Japan
  2. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
  3. Kamishakujii Veterinary Medical Hospital, 1-4-13, Sekimachi-Higashi, Nerima-ku, Tokyo 177-0052, Japan
  4. Tokyo Animal Allergy Center, 4-23-15, Kurihara, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 123-0842, Japan
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Abstract

Background: Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) is a significant patient-oriented outcome which should be considered in diagnostic, decision making and therapeutic process by dentists.
Objectives: To evaluate the influence of a condition of teeth, oral mucosa and dentures on the OHRQoL among patients seeking dental treatment in the University Dental Clinic (UDC) in Kraków, Poland.
Material and Methods: 250 patients took part in a cross-sectional study conducted in the UDC in Kraków. Collected clinical data included: oral mucosa and periodontal condition, number of Decayed, Missed and Filled Teeth (DMFT index), presence of dentures. Questionnaire part of the study has been based on OHIP-14 questionnaire.
Results: The condition of teeth worsened OHRQoL in following groups of patients: first-time visitors, smokers, with periodontal diseases and without oral mucosal diseases. There was a positive significant correlation between number of decayed teeth and OHRQoL related to teeth. The condition of oral mucosa significantly impaired OHRQoL in: women, patients with oral mucosal diseases and those who undergone prosthetic treatment in the last year. There was a correlation between number of missing teeth, DMFT index, age and subscale 2 of the form. The condition of dentures significantly impaired the OHRQoL in patients: who used removable dental prostheses, undergone prosthetic treatment in the last year and females. There was a positive correlation between subscale 3 of the questionnaire and number of missing teeth and DMFT index and a negative correlation with number of filled teeth within this subscale.
Conclusions: Evaluation of patient’s OHRQoL is one of important components for successful dental treatment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Wąsacz
1
Dominika Hukowska
2
Maria Chomyszyn-Gajewska
1

  1. Department of Periodontology, Dental Prophylaxis and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. Private practice, Kraków, Poland

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