Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 7
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

We define the need for sense-making as the desire to find reliable connections between the objects, situations, and relationships that people encounter. We have proposed and tested that there are possible individual differences in the need for sense-making and that these individual differences are insightful in characterizing individuals and their behaviors. A correlational study (N = 229) showed that need for sense-making was positively related to self-esteem, extroversion, conscientiousness, openness, and sense of control. Additionally, a higher need for sense-making was associated with greater perception of it as an important part of people’s identity. Thus, need for sense-making is relevant to understanding individual differences and can furthermore comprise a significant element of people’s identity. These results break new ground in the study of individual differences in the need for sense-making and can be of great importance in work and organizational psychology.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Cantarero
Wijnand A.P. van Tilburg
Beata Kuźma
Agata Gąsiorowska
Bogdan Wojciszke
ORCID: ORCID
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In integrated approaches to personality (McAdams & Pals, 2006; McCrae & Costa, 1999), it is possible to examine relationships between personality traits, beliefs as characteristic adaptations, and subjective well-being. This research aimed to verify if implicit self-theories (belief about stability of human nature) proposed by Dweck (2000) and life-engagement proposed by Scheier et al. (2006) play a mediating role in relationships between personality traits and satisfaction with life. The relationships were examined with respect to infertility problem. A sample of 120 adults (aged 26–48; M = 36.60; SD = 4.82; 50% women) participated in the research. The mediation hypotheses were examined, and furthermore, four groups of couples were compared in terms of measured variables. The groups were: couples with (1) cured and (2) uncured infertility and couples who were not infertile and (3) have and (4) do not have children. Life-engagement mediated the relationship between Conscientiousness and satisfaction with life in the whole sample. The belief about stability of human nature mediated relationships between subjective well-being and Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Extraversion only among couples with an infertility problem.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Elwira Brygoła
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The aim of this study was to examine whether there are differences in the performance on simple and complex mathematical tasks depending on the personality traits and the presence of an audience. After completing the personality questionnaire, within the first experimental session, participants (N=70) solved one set of simple and one set of complex mathematical tasks. In the second session participants solved another set of simple and another set of complex tasks. In one of the sessions, participants were solving tasks in front of the audience, while in the other session the audience was absent. The results indicate that presence of an audience facilitates performance of those participants low on neuroticism, but only when they are solving simple tasks.
Go to article

Bibliography


Ahmad, S. N. (2019). The role of social facilitation theory on consumer decision making: A conceptual framework. American Journal of Management, 16(2), 80-89.
Aiello, J. R., & Douthitt, E. A. (2001). Social facilitation from Triplett to electronic performance monitoring. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research and Practice, 5(3), 163–180.
Allport, F. H. (1924). Social psychology. Boston: Houghton-Mifflin.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
Baron R. S. (1986). Distraction - conflict theory: Progress and problems. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in Experimental Social Psychology (pp. 1-40). New York: Academic Press.
Baron, R. S., & Kerr, N. L. (2010). Group process, group decision, group action. New York: Open University Press.
Baumeister, R. F. (1999). On the interface between personality and social psychology. In O. P. Oliver & L. A. Pervin (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 367-377). New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
Beidel, D. C., Turner, S. M., & Dancu, C. V. (1985). Physiological, cognitive and behavioral aspects of social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 23(2), 109-117.
Bolger, N., & Schilling, E. A. (1991). Personality and the problems of everyday life: The role of neuroticism in exposure and reactivity to daily stressors. Journal of Personality, 59, 355-386.
Cacioppo, J. T., Rourke, T., Tassinary, L., Marshall-Goodall, B., & Baron, R. S. (1990). Rudimentary physiological effects of mere observation. Psychophysiology, 27, 177-186.
Carver, C. S., Sutton, S. K., & Scheier, M. F. (2000). Action, emotion, and personality: Emerging conceptual integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(6), 741–751.
Chapman, B. P., Duberstein, P. R., Sörensen, S., & Lyness, J. M. (2007). Gender differences in Five Factor Model personality traits in an elderly cohort. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(6), 1594- 1603.
Cheng, H., & Furnham, A. (2003). Personality, self-esteem, and demographic predictions of happiness and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 34, 921–942.
Cimbolic Gunther, K., Cohen, L. H., & Armeli, S. (1999). The role of neuroticism in daily stress and coping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1087-1100.
Cohen J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. New York: Routledge Academic.
Constantinou, M., Bauer, L., Ashendorf, L., Fisher, J. M., & McCaffrey, R. J. (2005). Is poor performance on recognition memory effort measures indicative of generalized poor performance on neuropsy-chological tests?. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 20(2), 191- 198.
Costa Jr, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1990). Personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality. Journal of Personality Disorders, 4(4), 362-371.
Costa Jr, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). The five-factor model of personality and its relevance to personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 6(4), 343-359.
Costa Jr, P. T., Terracciano, A., & McCrae, R. R. (2001). Gender differences in personality traits across cultures: Robust and surprising findings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(2), 322.
Cotrell, N. B. (1968). Performance in the presence of other human beings: Mere presence and affiliation effects. In E. C. Simmel, R. A. Hoppe, & G. A. Milton (Eds.), Social facilitation and imitative behavior (pp. 91-110). Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
Cotrell, N. B. (1972). Social facilitation. In C. G. McClintock (Ed.), Experimental social psychology (pp. 185-236). New York: Holt.
Cox-Fuenzalida, L. E., Swickert, R., & Hittner, J. B. (2004). Effects of neuroticism and workload history on performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 36(2), 447-456.
Dashiell, J. F. (1935). Experimental studies of the influence of social situations on the behavior of individual human adults. In C. Murchison (Ed.), A handbook of social psychology (pp. 1097- 1158). Worcester, MA: Clark University Press. Dube, S. K., & Tatz, S. J. (1991). Audience effects in tennis performance. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 73, 844-846.
Edwards, A. M., Dutton-Challis, L., Cottrell, D., Guy, J. H., & Hettinga, F. J. (2018). Impact of active and passive social facilitation on self- paced endurance and sprint exercise: Encouragement augments performance and motivation to exercise. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 4(1), 1-7. Emmerich, K., & Masuch, M. (2018, April). Watch me play: Does social facilitation apply to digital games?. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-12).
Eysenck, H. J. (1982). The biological basis of cross-cultural differences in personality: Blood group antigens. Psychological Reports, 51(2), 531-540.
Eysenck, M. W., Derakshan, N., Santos, R., & Calvo, M. G. (2007). Anxiety and cognitive performance: Attentional control theory. Emotion, 7(2), 336 Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, M. W. (1985). Personality and individual differences. New York: Plenum Press.
Feingold, A. (1994). Gender differences in personality: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 116(3), 429.
Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, L. J. (1987). Vulnerability to life events exposure. Psychological Medicine, 17(3), 739-749.
Forgas, J. P., Brennan, G., Howe, S., Kane, F. J., & Sweet, S. (1980). Audience effects on squash players` performance. Journal of Social Psychology, 111, 41-47.
Geen, R. G. (1980). The effects of being observed on performance. In P.B. Paulus (Ed.), Psychology of group influence (pp. 15-51). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Geen, R. G. (1985) Test anxiety and visual vigilance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 963–70.
Gomez, R., Gomez, A., & Cooper, A. (2002). Extraversion and neuroticism as predictors of negative and positive informational processing: Comparing Eysenenck’s, Gray’s and Newman’s theories. European Journal of Personality, 16(5), 54–58.
Grant, T., & Dajee, K. (2003). Types of task, types of audience, types of actor: Interactions between mere presence and personality type in a simple mathematical task. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 633-639.
Guerin, B. (1986). Mere presence effects in humans: A review. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 38-77.
Guerin, B. (1993). Social facilitation. Cambridge: University Press.
Guerin, B., & Innes, J. M. (1982). Social facilitation and social monitoring: A new look at Zajonc‘s mere presence hypothesis. British Journal of Social Psychology, 21, 7–18.
Harkins, S. G. (2006). Mere effort as the mediator of the evaluation- performance relationship. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 436-455.
Halfmann, E., Bredehöft, J., & Häusser, J. A. (2020). Replicating roaches: A preregistered direct replication of Zajonc, Heingartner, and Herman’s (1969) social-facilitation study. Psychological Science, 31(3), 332-337.
Herman, C. P. (2015). The social facilitation of eating. A review. Appetite, 86, 61-73.
Higgs, S., & Ruddock, H. (2020) Social Influences on eating. In H. Meiselman, (Eds.), Handbook of eating and drinking (pp. 277- 291). Springer, Cham. Hollingsworth, H. L. (1935). The psychology of the audience. New York: American Book Company.
Horwitz, J. E., & McCaffrey, R. J. (2008). Effects of a third party observer and anxiety on tests of executive function. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 23(4), 409-417.
Hugnet, P., Galvaing, M. P., Monteil, J. M., & Dumas, F. (1999) Social presence effects in the Stroop task: Further evidence for an attentional view of social facilitation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1011-1025.
Hutchinson, J. G., & Ruiz, J. M. (2011). Neuroticism and cardiovascular response in women: Evidence of effects on blood pressure recovery. Journal of Personality, 79(2), 277-302.
Innes, J. M., & Gordon, M. I. (1985). The effect of mere presence and a mirror on performance motor task. Journal of Social Psychology, 125, 479-484.
John, O. P., Donahue, E. M., & Kentle, R. L. (1991). The Big Five Inventory–Versions 4a and 54. Berkeley, CA: University of California, Berkeley, Institute of personality and social research.
John, O. P., & Srivastava, S. (1999). The Big five trait taxonomy: History, measurement and theoretical perspectives. In L. A. Pervin & O. P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality, second edition: Theory and research (pp. 102-139). New York: The Guilford Press.
Jones, E. E. (1998). Major developments in five decades of social psychology. In D.T. Gilbert, T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (pp. 3-57). Boston, MA: McGraw- Hill Companies.
Kardum, I., Gračanin, A., & Hudek-Knežević, J. (2006). Odnos crta ličnosti i stilova privrženosti s različitim aspektima seksualnosti kod žena i muškaraca. Psihologijske teme, 15(1), 101-128
Kehrer, C. A., Sanchez, P. N., Habif, U., Rosenbaum, G. J., & Townes, B. D. (2000). Effects of a significant-other observer on neuropsy- chological test performance. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 14(1), 67-71.
Komarraju, M., Karau, S. J., Schmeck, R. R., & Avdić, A. (2011). The Big Five personality traits, learning styles, and academic achieve-ment. Personality and Individual Differences, 51, 472-477.
Laird, B. K., Bailey, C. D., & Hester, K. (2018). The effects of monitoring environment on problem-solving performance. The Journal of Social Psychology, 158(2), 215-219.
Lynch, J. K. (2005). Effect of a third party observer on neuropsycho-logical test performance following closed head injury. Journal of Forensic Neuropsychology, 4(2), 17-25.
Martin, M., Ward, J. C., & Clark, D. M. (1983). Neuroticism and the recall of positive and negative personality information. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 21(5), 495-503.
Mathews, G. (2004) Neuroticism from the top down: Psychophysiology and negative emotionality. In R. Stelmack (Ed.), On the psychobiology of personality: Essays in honor of Marvin Zuckerman (pp. 249– 66). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science.
Matthews, G. (2008). Personality and information processing: A cogni-tive-adaptive theory. Handbook of Personality Theory and Assessment, 1, 56-79.
Mathews, G., Deary, I. J., & Whiteman, M. C. (2009). Stable traits and transient states. Personality Traits, 3, 85-120.
McFall, S. R., Jamieson, J. P., & Harkins, S. G. (2009). Testing the mere effort account of the evaluation-performance relationship. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 96, 135-154.
Mikulincer, M., & Shaver, P. R. (2007). Attachment in adulthood: Structure, dynamics, and change. New York: Guilford Press.
Neider, D. P., Fuse, M., & Suri, G. (2019). Cockroaches, performance, and an audience: Reexamining social facilitation 50 years later. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 85, Article 103851.
Nijstad, B. A. (2009). Group performance. East Sussex: Psychology Press.
Nijstad, B. A. (2013). Preformance. In J. M. Levine (Ed.), Group processes (pp. 193-214). New York: Psychology Press.
Oyibo, K., & Vassileva, J. (2019). The relationship between personality traits and susceptibility to social influence. Computers in Human Behavior, 98, 174-188.
Paivio, A. (1965). Personality and audience influence. In B. Maher (Ed.), Progress in experimental personality research (pp. 127-173). New York: Academic Press.
Pelham, B. W., & Swarm, W. B. Jr. (1989). From self-conceptions to self-worth: On the sources and structure of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 672–680.
Pessin, J. (1933). The comparative effects of social and mechanical stimulation on memorizing. American Journal of Psychology, 45, 263-270.
Rothweiler, J. N., Goodwin, K. A., & Kukucka, J. (2020). Presence of administrators differentially impacts eyewitness discriminability for same‐and other‐race identifications. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 34(6), 1530-1537.
Ruddock, H. K., Brunstrom, J. M., Vartanian, L. R., & Higgs, S. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the social facilitation of eating. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 110(4), 842-861.
Rusting, C. L. (1999). Interactive effects of personality and mood on emotion-congruent memory and judgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 1073–1086.
Sanders, G. S., & Baron, R. S. (1975). The motivating effects of distraction on task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, 956–963.
Sanna, L. J. (1992). Self-efficacy theory: Implications for social facilitation and social loafing. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(5), 774–786.
Schmitt, B. H., Gilovich, T., Goore, N., & Joseph, L. (1986). Mere presence and social facilitation: One more time. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 242-248.
Schmukle, S. C., Back, M. D., & Egloff, B. (2008). Validity of the Five- Factor Model for the implicit self-concept of personality. European Journal of Assessment, 24(4), 263-272.
Seitchik, A. E., Brown, A. J., & Harkins, S. G. (2017). Social facilitation: Using the molecular to inform the molar. In S. G. Harkins, K. D. Williams, & J. M. Burger (Eds.), Oxford library of psychology. The Oxford handbook of social influence (pp. 183–203). Oxford University Press.
Spence, K. W. (1956). Behavior theory and conditioning. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Stein, L. M. (2009). Individual differences in social facilitation. (Master thesis). Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey.
Stone, S. V., & Costa, P. T. (1990), Disease-prone personality or distress– prone personality? The role of neuroticism in coronary heart disease. In H. S. Friedman (Ed.), Personality and Disease (pp. 178-200). New York: Wiley.
Strojny, P. M., Dużmańska-Misiarczyk, N., Lipp, N., & Strojny, A. (2020). Moderators of social facilitation effect in virtual reality: Co-presence and realism of virtual agents. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1252.
Travis, L. E. (1925). The effect of small audience upon eye-hand coordination. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 29, 142- 146.
Triplett, N. (1898). The dynamogenic factors in pacemaking and competition. American Journal of Psychology, 9, 507–533.
Uziel, L. (2007). Individual differences in the social facilitation effect: A review and meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 579-601.
Uziel, L., & Baumeister, R. F. (2012). The effect of public social context on self-control: Depletion for neuroticism and restoration for impression management. Personality and Social Psychology Bulle-tin, 38(3), 384-396.
Zajonc, R. B. (1965). Social facilitation. Science, 149, 269–274.
Zelenski, J. M., & Larsen, R. J. (2002). Predicting the future: How affect- related personality traits influence likelihood judgments of future events. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(7), 1000– 1010.
Wann, D. L., & Hackathorn, J. (2019). Audience effects in sport: The reciprocal flow of influence between athletes and spectators. In M. H. Anshel, T. A. Petrie, & J. A. Steinfeldt (Eds.), APA handbooks in psychology series. APA handbook of sport and exercise psychology, Vol. 1. Sport psychology (pp. 469–488). American Psychological Association.
Wood, J. V., Heimpel, S. A., & Michela, J. L. (2003). Savoring versus dampening: Self-esteem differences in regulating positive affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(3), 566–580.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Barbara Kalebić Maglica
1
Petra Anić
1
Domagoj Švegar
1
Hana Mehonjić
1

  1. University of Rijeka, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Croatia
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The study sought to use computer techniques to detect selected psychological traits based on the nature of the writing and to evaluate the effectiveness of the resulting software. Digital image processing and deep neural networks were used. The work is complex and multidimensional in nature, and the authors wanted to demonstrate the feasibility of such a topic using image processing techniques and neural networks and machine learning. The main studies that allowed the attribution of psychological traits were based on two models known from the literature, KAMR and DA. The evaluation algorithms that were implemented allowed the evaluation of the subjects and the assignment of psychological traits to them. The DA model turned out to be more effective than the KAMR model.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Marek Woda
1
Grzegorz Oliwa

  1. Department of Computer Engineering, WroclawUniversity of Technology, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The study concerns the functioning of disabled learners at the level of higher education. The period of university studies is usually associated with the change of the life routine practised so far. The changes comprise various fields and bring about the adjustment to new roles. This stage is a chance for becoming independent, for specifying one’s position in the group, for shaping one’s own “young adult world view”18. The article is aimed at presenting the typology of disabled students based on an analysis of the behaviour which they show as members of the academic community. The sources of these behaviour patterns can be sought in various interpersonal and intrapersonal factors resulting from the individual’s character. The presented authorial typology has been presented also in reference to the Personality Traits Theory formulated by Costa and McCrea. This has allowed for broadening this typology with some particular subtypes.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Bełza-Gajdzica
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Sensory processing sensitivity is a relatively new theoretical construct. Its main components include deeper processing of stimuli as well as a stronger response to environmental impacts, both positive and negative. The effect of misinformation, which involves the inclusion of misinformation in the witness's memory reports, can be modified by varied factors, including personality characteristics. To the knowledge of the authors, no such research has been conducted so far and thereby the aim of the following study was to examine the relationship between the sensory processing sensitivity and susceptibility to the misinformation effect. Group studies were carried out according to the three-stage scheme of investigating the misinformation effect. After the original material was presented, the participants were exposed to a post-event material, containing the misinformation in the experimental group. Then the memory of the original material was tested. A strong misinformation effect was shown. Highly sensitive people, achieving the highest results in the Highly Sensitive Person Scale, were more resistant to the misinformation effect.
Go to article

Bibliography

Ahadi, B., Basharpoor, S. (2010). Relationship Between Sensory Processing Sensitivity, Personality Dimensions and Mental Health. Journal of Applied Sciences, 10, 570–574.
Aron, A., Ketay, S., Hedden, T., Aron, E. N., Markus, H. R., Gabrieli, J. D. E. (2010). Temperament trait of sensory processing sensitivity moderates cultural differences in neural response. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 5, 219–226.
Aron, E. N. (2017). Wysoko wrażliwi. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Feeria.
Aron, E. N. (2018). Wysoko wrażliwe dziecko. Sopot: GWP.
Aron, E. N. (2020). Clinical assessment of sensory processing sensitivity. In The Highly Sensitive Brain (pp. 135-164). Academic Press.
Aron, E., Aron, A. (1997). Sensory-Processing Sensitivity and Its Relation to Introversion and Emotionality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 345-368.
Aron, E., Aron, A. (2018). Tips For SPS Research (Revised July 24, 2018).
Aron, E., Aron, A., Jagiellowicz, J. (2012). Sensory Processing Sensitivity: A Review in the Light of the Evolution of Biological Responsivity. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 16(3), 262- 282.
Benham, G. (2006). The highly sensitive person: Stress and physical symptom reports. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1433–1440.
Blank, H., Launay, C. (2014). How to protect eyewitness memory against the misinformation effect: A meta-analysis of post-warning studies. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 3(2), 77-88.
Bruck, M., Melnyk, L. (2004). Individual differences in children’s suggestibility: A review and synthesis. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 18, 947-996.
Brydges, C. R., Gignac, G. E., Ecker, U. K. (2018). Working memory capacity, short-term memory capacity, and the continued influence effect: A latent-variable analysis. Intelligence, 69, 117-122.
Chyliński, M. (2018). Fałszywe wiadomości: antydobra w ekosystemie informacji. Com. press, 4(1), 6-22.
Craik, F. I. M., Lockhart, R. S. (1972). Levels of processing: A framework for memory research. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 11, 671-684.
Czechow, A. (1983). Trzy siostry. Warszawa: Iskry.
Gerstenberg, F. (2012). Sensory-processing sensitivity predicts perfor-mance on a visual search task followed by an increase in perceived stress. Personality and Individual Differences, 53, 496–500.
Greven, C. U., Lionetti, F., Booth, C., Aron, E., Fox, E., Schendan, H. E., ... Homberg, J. (2019). Sensory Processing Sensitivity in the context of Environmental Sensitivity: A critical review and development of research agenda. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 98, 287-305.
Gudjonsson G. H. (1983). Suggestibility, intelligence, memory recall and personality: An experimental study. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 35–37.
Gudjonsson, G. H. (1993). The Psychology of Interrogations, Confessions and Testimony. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.
Harris, L. S., Goodman, G. S., Augusti, E. M., Chae, Y., Alley, D. (2009). Children's resistance to suggestion. W: K. Kuehnle & M. Connell (red.), The evaluation of child sexual abuse allegations (181–202). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Hoscheidt, S. M., LaBar, K. S., Ryan, L., Jacobs, W. J., Nadel, L. (2014). Encoding negative events under stress: High subjective arousal is related to accurate emotional memory despite misinformation exposure. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 112, 237–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nlm.2013.09.008
Kantor-Martynuska, J. (2012). The princess and the pea. Suggestions for the revision of sensory sensitivity in the regulative theory of temperament. Journal of Individual Differences, 33(4), 237-247.
Liebman, J. I., McKinley-Pace, M. J., Leonard, A. M., Sheesley, L. A., Gallant, C. L., Renkey, M. E., Lehman, E. B. (2002). Cognitive and psychosocial correlates of adults' eyewitness accuracy and suggestibility. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(1), 49-66.
Lindberg, M. (1991). An interactive approach to assessing the suggestibility and testimony of eyewitnesses. W: J. Doris (red.), The suggestibility of children’s recollections (47-59). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Lionetti, F., Aron, A., Aron, E. N., Burns, G. L., Jagiellowicz, J., Pluess, M. (2018). Dandelions, tulips and orchids: evidence for the existence of low-sensitive, medium-sensitive and high-sensitive individuals. Translational Psychiatry, 8(24), 1-11.
Lionetti, F., Pastore, M., Moscardino, U., Nocentini, A., Pluess, K., & Pluess, M. (2019). Sensory processing sensitivity and its association with personality traits and affect: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 81, 138-152.
Liss, M., Timmel, L., Baxley, K., Killingworth, P. (2005). Sensory processing sensitivity and its relation to parental bonding, anxiety and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 1429– 1439.
Listou Grimen, H., & Diseth, Å. (2016). Sensory processing sensitivity: Factors of the highly sensitive person scale and their relationships to personality and subjective health complaints. Perceptual & Motor Skills, 123(3), 637-653.
Loftus, E. F. (1979). Eyewitness Testimony. Cambridge, MA, London: Harvard University Press.
Loftus, E. F. (2005). Planting misinformation in the human mind: A 30- year investigation of the malleability of memory. Learning & memory, 12(4), 361-366.
Loftus, E. F., Miller, D. G., Burns, H. J. (1978). Semantic integration of verbal information into a visual memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning & Memory, 4, 19–31.
Lovecky, D. (1986). Can You Hear the Flowers Sing? Issues for Gifted Adults. Journal of Counseling and Development, 64, 572–575.
McCrae, R. R., Costa, P. T. Jr. (1997). Personality trait structure as a human universal. American Psychologist, 52, 509-516.
Nitschke, J. P., Chu, S., Pruessner, J. C., Bartz, J. A., Sheldon, S. (2019). Post-learning stress reduces the misinformation effect: Effects of psychosocial stress on memory updating. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 102, 164–171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.12.008
Pluess, M., Assary, E., Lionetti, F., Lester, K. J., Krapohl, E., Aron, E. N., Aron, A. (2018). Environmental sensitivity in children: Development of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale and identification of sensitivity groups. Developmental Psychology, 54(1), 51-70.
Pluess, M., Belsky, J. (2013). Vantage sensitivity: individual differences in response to positive experiences. Psychological Bulletin, 139(4), 901–916.
Polczyk, R. (2007). Mechanizmy efektu dezinformacji w kontekście zeznań świadka naocznego. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego.
Porter, S., Birt, A. R., Yuille, J. C., Lehman, D. (2000). Negotiating of false memories: Interviewer and remember characteristics relate to memory distortion. Psychological Science, 11, 513–516.
Rosnow, R. L., Rosenthal, R. (1989). Definition and interpretation of interaction effects. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 143–146.
Sand, I. (2016). Wrażliwość: dar czy przekleństwo?. Warszawa: Laurum.
Siuta, J. (2006). Inwentarz osobowości NEO-PI-R. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych.
Smolewska, K. A., McCabe, S. B., Woody, E. Z. (2006). A psychometric evaluation of the Highly Sensitive Person Scale: The components of sensory-processing sensitivity and their relation to the BIS/BAS and “Big Five”. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(6), 1269- 1279.
Sobocko, K., & Zelenski, J. M. (2015). Trait sensory-processing sensitivity and subjective well-being: Distinctive associations for different aspects of sensitivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 83, 44-49.
Strelau, J., Zawadzki, B. (1993). The Formal Characteristics of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI): theoretical assumptions and scale construction. European Journal of Personality, 7, 313-336.
Szpitalak, M., Dukała, K., Polczyk, R. (2013). Rola wzmocnionej autoafirmacji i wzmocnionego niepowodzenia w redukowaniu efektu dezinformacji. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 16, 235-248.
Szpitalak, M., Polczyk, R. (2017). Efekt dezinformacji z perspektywy psychologii społecznej: natura i uodparnianie. Psychologia Społeczna, 121(40), 30-41.
Vogel, S., Schwabe, L. (2016). Learning and memory under stress: implications for the classroom. npj Science of Learning, 1, 16011.
Way, B. M., Taylor, S. E. (2010). The serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism is associated with cortisol response to psychosocial stress. Biological psychiatry, 67(5), 487-492.
Wiel, N. M. H. van de, Goozen, S. H. M. van, Matthys, W., Snoek, H., Engeland, H. van. (2004). Cortisol and treatment effect in children with disruptive behavior disorders: a preliminary study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43(8), 1011-1018.
Wojciechowski, B. W. (2015). Psychologiczne uwarunkowania i ocena wartości dowodowej zeznań świadków. Warszawa: Difin.
Wolf, M., Van Doorn, S., Weissing, F. J. (2008). Evolutionary emergence of responsive and unresponsive personalities. PNAS, 105(41), 15825.
Zawadzki B., Strelau J. (1997). Formalna Charakterystyka Zachowania – Kwestionariusz Temperamentu (FCZ-KT). Podręcznik. Warszawa: Pracownia Testów Psychologicznych Polskiego Towarzystwa Psychologicznego. Zhu, B., Chen, C., Loftus, E. F., Lin, C., He, Q., Chen, C., Li, H., Xue, G., Lu, Z., Dong, Q. (2010a). Individual differences in false memory from misinformation: Cognitive factors. Memory, 18(5), 543–555. https://doi.org/10.1080/09658211.2010.487051
Zhu, B., Chen, C., Loftus, E. F., Lin, C., He, Q., Chen, C., Li, H., Moyzis, R. K., Lessard, J., Dong, Q. (2010b). Individual differences in false memory from misinformation: Personality characteristics and their interactions with cognitive abilities. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(8), 889–894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.02.016
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Szymon Kamil Sadowski
1
Malwina Szpitalak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

Vast research has sought to better understand the origins and development of rape myth beliefs given the problematic influence of such misconceptions throughout global societies and criminal justice pathways. The current research aims to build on this body of literature by examining the contribution that psychopathic personality traits (affective responsiveness, cognitive responsiveness, interpersonal manipulation, egocentricity) and emotional intelligence may have upon rape myth beliefs. Furthermore, this study will investigate the extent to which sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, ethnicity, education), and prior experience of sexual victimisation, contribute to variance in rape myth acceptance scores. In total 251 participants (M Age = 31.66) completed an online, self-report questionnaire which included contemporary measures of psychopathy and rape myth acceptance, never previously tested in combination. Results of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicate that egocentricity, age, and gender were significantly associated with rape myth beliefs. Emotional intelligence, as well as affective and interpersonal traits of psychopathy, were not directly related with rape mythology. Findings are interpreted alongside previous research, where we suggest there is an urgent need for larger, nationally representative samples, systematically recruited from the general population to help clarify uncertainty in existing literature emerging from small-scale opportunistic datasets.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Alexander Ioannides
1
Dominic Willmott
2

  1. Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
  2. Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more