Mt 5,17-20 can be fully understood in the context of the hermeneutic work of the Jewish rabbis; the words used by Jesus refer to their exegetical methods and to the idea that the Torah cannot be modified. Jesus’ position anticipates one of the main elements of rabbinic Judaism. Given this context, this paper offers a new hypothesis about the original Aramaic version of Jesus’ words on the Torah’s fulfilment, in a time when the Pharisee’s position was starting to impose the importance of oral tradition alongside the written word of God. Using the root gmr Jesus enters into dialogue with contemporary Judaism, putting forward his own idea of fulfilment.

In the present article the author describes the issue of relation between Synagogue and Church in the context of Johannine writings. The author makes analysis of the Johannine texts in order to show the traces of polemic between Judaism and Christianity. He shows the hostility between Synagogue and Church in the light of terms like aposunagōgos, “Jews” and other polemical expressions which occur in the Gospel of John, in the Letters of John and the Book of Revelation. The author tries to answer the question of how Sitz im Leben of the Johannine writings influences their content. The analysis of Jewish and Christian sources shows the tension and hostility between Rabbinic Judaism and Johannine Community after the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple. It leads to gradual separation between Synagogue and Church. In this article there are shown the reasons for the parting of the ways between Judaism and Christianity and its meaning for the contemporary dialogue between Synagogue and Church.