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Keywords rabbit RHDV2 Poland
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Abstract

In this paper we present the first cases of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2 – GI.2) in Poland. The virus was detected in liver samples of RHD-suspected rabbits from Lodzkie and west Pomeranian voivodeships. In both cases, the typical clinical symptoms of the disease were observed despite the fact that the rabbits were previously vaccinated against RHD. In order to extend the analysis of the RHDV2 strain infecting the rabbits, the entire VP60 and NSP genes were amplified and sequenced. The results of rRT-PCR assay have shown that tested RHDV samples were positive for the presence of RHDV2. In the phylogenetic analysis of vp60gene the first Polish RHDV isolates (RED 2016 and VMS 2017) clustered together with the reference RHDV2, meaning they represent new evolutionary RHDV linkeages. The first Polish RHDV2 isolates showed about 97% nucleotide sequence identity with the reference RHDV2 strains and approximately 18% difference from classic RHDV and RHDVa variants.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Fitzner
W. Niedbalski
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Abstract

The shock is a general, non-specific pathological process, caused by the sudden action of very brutal pathogens, a situation for which the body has no reserves for qualitative and quantitative compensation-adaptation. The objective of our experiment was to make an evaluation of the changes in some hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood, during some hypovolemic evolutions, in the rabbits. Twenty New Zealand White rabbits we used. An IDEXX ProCyte Dx Hematology Analyzer was applied to perform hematological determinations. An IDEXX VetTest Chemistry Analyzer was used to perform blood biochemistry determinations. The data obtained were statistically analyzed, calculating the Media and Standard Deviation (SD), using the Microsoft Excel application. At the same time, the statistical significance of the differences between the batches was calculated based on the t test (Student) using the Microsoft Excel application. The study revealed a decrease in the number of red blood cells and leukocytes per unit volume of blood (p<0.05) in the case of group 2 and an increase in glucose, triglycerides (p<0.05).
Experimental hypovolemia induced in the conditions of our experiment determined: an obvious posthemorrhagic anemia, a significant leukopenia mainly 6 hours after the production of hypovolemic shock and a significant hyperglycemia, manifested mainly 12 hours after the induction of hypovolemia.
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Bibliography


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Capone A, Safar P, Stezoski SW, Peitzman A, Tisherman S (1995) Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock outcome model in rats. Resuscitation 29: 143-152.

Cho SD, Holcomb JB, Tieu BH, Englehart MS, Morris MS, Karahan ZA, Underwood SA, Muller PJ, Prince MD, Medina L, Sondeen J, Shults C, Duggan M, Tabbara M, Alam HB & Schreiber MA (2009) Reproducibility of an animal model simulating complex combat-related injury in a multiple-institution format. Shock 31: 87-96.

Ghiţă M, Cotor G, Viţălaru AB, Brăslaşu D (2015) Comparative study on the effect of prednisone and dexamethasone on leukocytes in rabbit. J Biotechnology 208: 92.

Gutierrez G, Reines HD, Wulf-Gutierrez ME (2004) Clinical review: hemorrhagic shock. Crit Care 8: 373-381.

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Porter AE, Rozanski EA, Sharp CR, Dixon KL, Price LL, Shaw SP (2013) Evaluation of the shock index in dogs presenting as emergencies. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 23: 538-544.

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Sondeen JL, Dubick MA, Holcomb JB, Wade CE (2007) Uncontrolled hemorrhage differs from volume- or pressure-matched controlled hemorrhage in swine. Shock 28: 426-433.

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Authors and Affiliations

G. Cotor
1
G. Zagrai
2
G. Gâjâilă
1
M. Ghiță
1
A.M. Ionescu
1
A. Damian
2
A.M. Zagrai (Măierean)
2
Ș. Dragosloveanu
3
D.C. Cotor
2 3

  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest-050097, Splaiul Independentei 105, Bucharest, Romania
  2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca-400372, Calea Manastur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
  3. Clinical Hospital of Orthopedics, Traumatology and Osetoarticular TB “Foișor”, Bucharest-030167, Bd. Ferdinand nr. 35-37, Romania
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Abstract

The European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is a good model in biomedicine used in research on several human diseases. The reference values of B and T cells and their subpopu- lations are very important to understand how the adaptive immune system is responding to infectious agents. The aim of this study was to determine values of B and T cells and their subpopulations in Polish mixed-breed rabbits, considering seasons of the year and sex. The study was performed on 200 Polish mixed-breed rabbits and the percentage of B and T lymphocytes was measured cytometrically using mouse anti-rabbit antibodies. The study revealed that the season of the year and sex of the animals affected the percentage of B- and T-cells and their subpopulations in peripheral blood. Statistically significant values of CD19+ B-cells in spring and autumn, of T CD5+ cells in spring and winter, of T CD4+ in spring, summer, autumn and winter, of T CD8+ in winter and of T CD25+ in spring were noted. Generally the highest values were found mainly in warm part of the year, while the lowest in colder months. A statistical significance was also observed between males and females – changes were found in T CD4+ and T CD25+ lymphocytes in spring, T CD8+ cells in winter and higher percentage was generally obtained in females than in males. The only exception was the T CD5+ subpopulation in which no differences were observed between the sexes and throughout the year. This is the first paper on adaptive immune system cell values in the European rabbit of domestic breeds.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej
B. Tokarz-Deptuła
J. Abrantes
P.J. Esteves
W. Deptuła
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of Luteolin (LUT) on semen quality, oxidative stress, apoptosis, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and dead sperm ratio in rabbits. Ejaculates from six New Zealand rabbits were collected, evaluated and pooled. The pooling was divided into five groups as control (no additive) LUT 25 μM, LUT 50 μM, LUT 100 μM and LUT 200 μM and LUT added. It was then filled into a falcon tube with Tris-based extender at a final concentration of approximately 35 x 106 spermatozoa. Diluated rabbit semen samples were drawn into frozen and thawed. Frozen semen straws were thawed at 37°C in 30 seconds. According to our findings, no statistical difference was found between all doses of luteolin and the control group in the CASA (computer assisted sperm analysis) analysis performed at 4°C. However, total motility, progressive motility and rapid sperm percentage were found to be higher in the frozen and thawed rabbit semen at a dose of LUT 50 μM compared to the other groups (p<0.05). While amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH) and beat cross-frequency (BCF) values were found at the lowest dose of LUT 200 μM, a statistically significant difference was observed between the other groups. When the flow cytometry results were examined, no statistical difference was found between the rate of dead sperm, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis rate. Morever, the H2O2 percentage was found to be lower in all experimental groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). In conclusion, the addition of LUT in long-term storage of rabbit semen provided a protective effect for spermatozoa with its antioxidative properties against damage caused by cryopreservation.
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Authors and Affiliations

S.A. Akarsu
1
T.C. Acısu
2
İ.H. Güngör
2
A. Çakır Cihangiroğlu
2
R.H. Koca
3
G. Türk
2
M. Sönmez
2
S. Gür
2
F. Fırat
2
H.E. Esmer Duruel
4

  1. Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Yakutiye /Erzurum, Turkey
  2. Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, 23200, Elazığ, Turkey
  3. Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, Selahaddin-i Eyyübi Neighbourhood, University Street No: 1, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey
  4. Elbistan Vocational School, Kahramanmaraş İstiklal University, Şehit Astsubay Ömer Halisdemir Street No:5, Doğan Neighbourhooh,46340, Elbistan, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Abstract

Introduction: Arthrocentesis has been used in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) to analyze components of the synovial fluid or as a therapeutic procedure associated or not with the admini- stration of a drug. The rabbit is one of the most commonly used animal species as a model for pathologies that affect the TMJ. The aim of this study was to propose a specific technique to perform arthrocentesis on the rabbit TMJ, emphasizing descriptions of reference points and measurements for a successful puncture without complications. Materials and methods: Fourteen adult rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were used. The project was approved by the Scientific Ethics Committee of the Universidad de La Frontera (File Nº083/2016). Results: The description of the technique was divided into three steps: 1) Location of the rabbit TMJ, 2) Positioning of the needles in the TMJ, and 3) Passage of fluid through the TMJ. Conclusions: This arthrocen- tesis technique could help to simplify the procedure and give the investigator a guide for joint washing and extraction of synovial fluid in the rabbit TMJ.

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Authors and Affiliations

V. Iturriaga
B. Vásquez
C. Veuthey
M. del Sol
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the effects of corneal healing in case of application of stem cells in various forms, in relation to the antibiotic-assisted procedures. Rabbits were divided into 4 groups in the first stage of the experiment. Group 0 (negative control group) was not subjected to any actions, which would cause damage to the cornea. The remaining three groups had their cornea damaged. Group 1 (positive control group) – no drugs were administered during the experiment. Rabbits in group 2 were administered with ointment containing stem cells to the lesion, while group 3 – with ofloxacinum. The stem cells were administered during the first five days, twice a day, onto the corneal surface. The further course of the experiment consisted of observing the rate of healing of the injured cornea and assessment of its transparency, size of lesion, hyperaemia, eyelid spasm and outflow from the conjunctival sac after 5, 10 and 20 days.

In the second stage the animals were euthanised after clinical examination on the twentieth day of the experiment, in order to analyse the corneal reparative processes on the same day. The studies revealed that the application of antlerogenic stem cells had a positive effect on the healing process of corneal defects. The application thereof not only shortened the healing time, but also weakened or arrested the development of side effects. The results have demonstrated that the epithelial proliferation in each group was different. The longest was maintained in the group with stem cells, the shortest – in the group with chemotherapeutics. The use of antlerogenic stem cells had a positive effect on the healing process of corneal lesions. The use of stem cells helped to maintain high transparency of the cornea.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Kiełbowicz
P. Kuropka
M. Cegielski
Z. Kiełbowicz
P. Trębacz
M. Hebel
R. Aleksiewicz
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the beneficial effect of natural substances – enterocin M (Ent M; the proteinaceous substance produced by Enterococcus faecium CCM8558) and sage plant ( Salvia officinalis L.) extract on the production of mucus in the rabbits small intestine and caecum. Sixty four post-weaned rabbits (meat line M91) were divided into three experimental groups (EG – Ent M; SG – sage extract; ESG – combination Ent M with sage extract) and control group (CG). The experiment lasted for 35 days, the natural substances were administered during the first 21 days, Ent M in EG/ESG, sage extract in SG/ESG. The beneficial effect on mucus production quantity occured in the duodenum (p<0.001) and jejunum (p<0.01) in ESG compared to that found in CG on day 21, the prolonged effect in EG in the duodenum (p<0.001) compared to that observed in CG at the end of the experiment and to that in EG on day 21. The novelty of the study is in the application and monitoring the effect of non-rabbit-derived probiotic strain ( Enterococcus faecium CCM8558) bacteriocin – Enterocin M and sage plant extract on mucus quantity (expressed in gram) in different segments of the rabbit small intestine as well as the caecum. The results obtained indicate that supplementation of selected natural substances in the feed has the potent stimulatory effects on mucus production in the rabbit small intestine.
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Authors and Affiliations

R. Szabóová
1
A. Lauková
2
R. Herich
1
L. Tarabová
1
Ľ. Chrastinová
3
Z. Faixová
1
Z. Maková
1
E. Piešová
1

  1. University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 040 81 Košice, Slovak Republic
  2. Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
  3. National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute for Animal Production, Nitra – Lužianky, Slovak Republic
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the visualization of the rabbit common calcanean tendon and adjacent structures in the high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 1.5 T field strength and to compare the results with those previously obtained for the low-field MRI (0.25 T). Eight New Zealand rabbits were used in the post-mortem study and the results indicate that the high-field MRI provides more detailed images only in transverse scans, where the outer outline of the tendon was visualized more accurately. Other analysed structures were imaged with a resolution comparable to the low-field MRI.

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Authors and Affiliations

A. Skalec
M. Janeczek
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Abstract

Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) preparations can be used in bone tissue healing but there are numerous doubts among clinical orthopedists about effectiveness of this method.

Materials and methods: The studies were carried out in 12 rabbits of white termond breed. In operating room we operationally generated cylindrical, unicortical defects of the diameter of 4 mm in the middle of the shafts of both femurs. The defects in the left bones were left without filling and served as controls, and 0.7 ml of the ready-to-use PRP was administered to the defects in the right bones (experimental group). We evaluated the usefulness of the diagnostic methods applied: biomechanical tests, micro-CT tests, densitometry, typical radiology, macroscopic measurements, histopathological examinations.

Results: The macroscopic measurements showed a statistically significant increase in the dimension in the area of the right defect filled with PRP in relation to the control group. In experimented group, the assessment of the X-ray images showed the formation of a callus cuff around the defects. Densitometric examinations showed no statistically significant differences between defects in the experimental and control group. The analysis of the micro-CT examina- tions showed an increase in the total volume of the tissue examined (Vb) and the low density tissue fraction (Vb2) in the experimental group. The biomechanical examinations revealed signi- ficant decrease in the maximum breaking force (F max) necessary to break the bone in the experi- mental group in relation to the control group.

Conclusions: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) stimulates bone formation in the area of bone defects and may accelerate bone regeneration.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Skwarcz
I. Bryzek
A. Gregosiewicz
E. Warda
K. Gawęda
M. Tarczyńska
R. Węgłowski
J. Skwarcz
R. Nadulski
A. Starek
J. Sanford
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Abstract

The paper presents the result of an evaluation of the performance of different message broker system configurations, which lead to the construction of the specific architecture guidelines for such systems. The examples are provided for an exemplary middleware messaging server software - RabbitMQ, set in high availability - enabling and redundant configurations. Rabbit MQ is a message queuing system realizing the middleware for distributed systems that implements the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol. The scalability and high availability design issues are discussed and the possible cluster topologies and their impact is presented. Since HA and performance scalability requirements are in conflict, scenarios for using clustered RabbitMQ nodes and mirrored queues are interesting and have to be considered with specific workloads and requirements in mind. The results of performance measurements for some topologies are also reported in this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Rostański
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Abstract

The current task explores automatic generation control knowledge under old-style circumstances for a triple-arena scheme. Sources in area-1 are thermal-solar thermal (ST); thermalgeothermal power plant (GPP) in area-2 and thermal-hydro in area-3. An original endeavour has been set out to execute a new performance index named hybrid peak area integral squared error (HPA-ISE) and two-stage controller with amalgamation of proportional-integral and fractional order proportional-derivative, hence named as PI(FOPD). The performance of PI(FOPD) has been compared with varied controllers like proportional-integral (PI), proportional-integralderivative (PID). Various investigation express excellency of PI(FOPD) controller over other controller from outlook regarding lessened level of peak anomalies and time duration for settling. Thus, PI(FOPD) controller’s excellent performance is stated when comparison is undergone for a three-area basic thermal system. The above said controller’s gains and related parameters are developed by the aid of Artificial Rabbit Optimization (ARO). Also, studies with HPA-ISE enhances system dynamics over ISE. Moreover, a study on various area capacity ratios (ACR) suggests that high ACR shows better dynamics. The basic thermal system is united with renewable sources ST in area-1 also GPP in area-2. Also, hydro unit is installed in area-3. The performance of this new combination of system is compared with the basic thermal system using PI(FOPD) controller. It is detected that dynamic presentation of new system is improved. Action in existence of redox flow battery is also examined which provides with noteworthy outcome. PI(FOPD) parameters values at nominal condition are appropriate for higher value of disturbance without need for optimization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Arindita Saha
1
Tirumalasetty Chiranjeevi
2
Ramesh Devarapalli
3
ORCID: ORCID
Naladi Ram Babu
4
Puja Dash
5
Fausto Pedro Garcìa Màrquez
6

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, RegentEducation & Research Foundation Group of Institutions, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
  2. Department of ElectricalEngineering, Rajkiya Engineering College Sonbhadra, U.P., India
  3. Institute of Chemical Technology, IndianOil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
  4. Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India
  5. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering (Autonomous), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh,India
  6. Ingenium ResearchGroup, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
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Abstract

The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of autologous activated platelet-rich plasma on healing of a bone substitute - tricalcium phosphate hydroxyapatite in experimental long bone defects using an animal model.

The experiment involved an animal model of femoral defect. 24 Termond white rabbits were used in the study. We evaluated the effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on tricalcium phos- phate using classical radiology, micro-CT studies, strength tests and histological evaluation.

Radiological and histological assessment did not show a beneficial effect of PRP together with a bone substitute in comparison to filling the defects only with bone replacement material. The only benefit of adding platelet-rich plasma to a bone substitute was shown in microCT imaging.

Autologous, activated platelet-rich plasma combined with hydroxyapatite tricalcium phos- phate has a positive effect on the remodeling of the newly formed bone tissue, increasing its density.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Skwarcz
I. Bryzek
A. Gregosiewicz
E. Warda
K. Gawęda
M. Tarczyńska
J. Skwarcz
R. Nadulski
A. Starek
J. Sanford

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