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Holocene sedimentary environment of a High−Arctic fjord in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard

Antti E.K. Ojala Mateusz Moskalik Veli-Pekka Salonen Frauke Kubischta Markku Oinonen

Polish Polar Research | 2014 | No 1 | 73-98 | DOI: 10.2478/popore−2014−0006

Keywords Arctic Svalbard Kinnvika marine sedimentology climate change

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Abstract

A 2.5−metre−long marine core from Isvika bay in Nordaustlandet (80 ° N, 18 ° E) was AMS 14 C dated and analysed for its sedimentological and magnetic parameters. The studied record was found to cover the entire Holocene and indicates major turnovers in the palaeohydrography and sedimentary depositional history. The area was deglaciated at around 11,300 BP. The early Holocene has indications of rapid melting of glaciers and frequent deposition of ice−rafted debris (IRD). The climatic optimum terminated with a probable glacier re−advance event occurring ca. 5800 cal BP. This event caused the deposition of a diamicton unit in Isvika bay, followed by a shift towards a colder and a more stratified hydrographic set − ting. The reduction in IRD indicates gradual cooling, which led to the stratification of the bay and eventually to more persistent fast sea−ice conditions by 2500 cal BP. For the last 500 years, Isvika has again been seasonally open.

Authors and Affiliations

Antti E.K. Ojala

Mateusz Moskalik

Veli-Pekka Salonen

Frauke Kubischta

Markku Oinonen

Texture of recent morainic deposits of a terminal zone of the Werenskiöld Glacier (Spitsbergen)

Antoni Olszewski Jan Szupryczyński

Polish Polar Research | 1980 | vol. 1 | No 2-3 | 45-74

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen geomorphology sedimentology

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Abstract

A structure of recent morainic sediments, mainly of gravel — boulder fraction (15—60 mm) was studied in the extremely marginal part of the Werenskiold Glacier. The data were collected within three environments of glacial deposition i.e. supraglacial of dead glacial ice and layer of relegation ice adhering to the glacier bottom and subglacial ones. A distinct textural individuality is typical for supraglacial deposits. Arrangement and orientation of boulders coming from the basal part of a glacier as well as from the morainic subglacial sediment deposited under the active ice show many similarities. But in both latter zones as well as certain differentiation was found to be caused by morphology of the older bedrock, changes during a subglacial deposition and preliminary epigenetic changes that occur in the conditions of a subglacial regelation before a stabilization of a passive zone of subglacial permafrost.

Authors and Affiliations

Antoni Olszewski

Jan Szupryczyński

Sedimentation of fluted moraine in forefields of glaciers in Wedel Jarlsberg Land, Spitsbergen

Tadeusz Merta

Polish Polar Research | 1989 | vol. 10 | No 1 | 3-29

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen sedimentology fluted moraine

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Abstract

Fluted ground moraine deposits in the forefield zones of the Blomli, Scott and Renard glaciers were investigated. It was found that the fluted moraine crests, especially the stone-rich ones, continue on the glacier front surface as cones or stony belts. The linear ablation forms, partly filled by the supraglacial sediment, are the extensions of the crests formed from the finer material. Thus, the opinion is expressed that the ribs and furrows at the top surface of the ground moraine are the result of the supraglacial material deposition and that they reflect the differentation of the ablation relief of the front surface of the recessing glacier. Till now the fluted relief origin was joined exclusively with the subglacial conditions and such forms were considered as the indicators of the glacier movement direction.

Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Merta

Middle and Late Pleistocene loess-palaeosol archives in East Croatia: multi-proxy palaeoecological studies on Zmajevac and Šarengrad II sequences

Dávid Molnár László Makó Péter Cseh Pál Sümegi István Fekete Lidija Galović

Studia Quaternaria | 2021 | vol. 38 | No 1 | 3-17 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2020.133758

Keywords palaeoecology malacology sedimentology Šarengrad Zmajevac Croatia

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Abstract

Multi-proxy palaeoenvironmental analyses on the two loess-palaeosol sequences of Šarengrad II and Zmajevac (Croatia) provided the opportunity to obtain various data on climatic and environmental events that occurred in the southern part of the Carpathian Basin during the past 350,000 years. Palaeoecological horizons were reconstructed using sedimentological data (organic matter and carbonate content, grain-size distribution and magnetic susceptibility) and the dominance-based malacological results (MZs) supported by habitat and richness charts, moreover multi-variate statistics (cluster analysis). The correlation of the reconstructed palaeoecological horizons with global climatic trends (Marine Isotope Stages) determined the main accumulation processes in the examined areas. The palaeoecological analyses revealed specific accumulation conditions at both sequences, fluvial and aeolian environments at Šarengrad and a possible forest refuge at Zmajevac.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dávid Molnár

1 2

László Makó

1 2

Péter Cseh

1 2

Pál Sümegi

1 2

István Fekete

3

Lidija Galović

4

Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, H-6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary
University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Long Environmental Changes research team, H-6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary
Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformatics, University of Szeged, H-6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary
Croatian Geological Survey, Sachsova 2, 10001 Zagreb, Croatia

MAR comparisons between different chronometric methods for two profiles in the Bodrogkeresztúr area

László Makó Dávid Molnár Péter Cseh Pál Sümegi

Studia Quaternaria | 2021 | vol. 38 | No 1 | 67-73 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2020.133761

Keywords loess sedimentology MAR age-depth models Bodrogkeresztúr

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Abstract

The deepening and exploration of the loess-palaeosol section at the foot of the Kopasz Hill at Bodrogkeresztúr have been carried out to expand the existing knowledge of the Carpathian foothill palaeoenvironmental factors and their impact. The study deals with particle size analysis, organic matter and carbonate content. For the presentation of age-depth models, the OSL dates of Bodrogkeresztúr (BKT) and the 14C dates of Bodrogkeresztúr, brickyard 1 were used-, and the diagrams of the Accumulation Rates (AR) derived from them. These were compared with Mass Accumulation Rate (MAR) calculations based on OSL and 14C data from BKT and 14C data from Bodrogkeresztúr, brickyard 1. It became evident that there is a significant difference between the two sections, which may be due to the upland position, the overlap, or the wind tunnel effect. Sedimentological studies revealed coarser grain composition, however, the nearly complete absence of coarser sand fraction is also noticeable in the case of BKT. Also, the entire section is characterized by increased carbonate content due to post-sedimentation processes, recarbonization and leaching. The AR and MAR results show the difference between the suitability of different chronometric methods, indicating that the top of both sections may have been redeposited or eroded.

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Authors and Affiliations

László Makó

1 2

Dávid Molnár

1 2

Péter Cseh

1 2

Pál Sümegi

1 2

Department of Geology and Paleontology, University of Szeged, H-6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary
University of Szeged, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, Long Environmental Changes research team, H-6722 Szeged, Egyetem u. 2-6, Hungary

Conceptual model for talus slope development in Brattegg Valley (SW Spitsbergen) based on sedimentology of debris deposits in periglacial zone

Krzysztof Senderak

Polish Polar Research | 2023 | vol. 44 | No 3 : Special Issue to celebrate 50 years anniversary of Stanislaw Baranowski Polar Station in Spitsbergen: Part 2 | 271-290 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2023.144543

Keywords Arctic Svalbard slope processes deglaciation sedimentology

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Abstract

The talus slopes occur in all climatic zones on the Earth. These forms are sensitive to climate fluctuations, therefore they may be indicators of changes in the environment and contain the record of the geomorphological events after the deglaciation period. Both in the past and nowadays, slopes in area of the High Arctic have been developing in the specific conditions of periglacial zone. This is caused by simultaneously occurring different processes of weathering and deposition. The article presents the methodological approach and the results of the sedimentological measurements and geomorphological studies of the eight talus cones located in SW Spitsbergen. The study was conducted in the non-glaciated valley near the Stanislaw Baranowski Polar Station in Spitsbergen. The aim of the investigation was to determine the modern mechanisms of material transport on talus slopes and their impact on relief of slope surface in the polar environment. The obtained results and literature data allowed to indicate four separate zones of talus slope environment and develop a conceptual model for talus slope development in the Brattegg Valley, SW Spitsbergen.

Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Senderak

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Institute of Geography and Regional Development, University of Wroclaw, Pl. Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wroclaw, Poland

Deformations of unstatically layered gravel-clay system on a chosen example from the Kaffiöyra Lowland (Oscar II Land, Spitsbergen)

Czesław Wójcik

Polish Polar Research | 1981 | vol. 2 | No 1-2 | 63-72

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen sedimentology geomorphology periglacial processes

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Abstract

The post-sedimentatal deformations on the line of moraine clay and sea gravel are described as well as their genesis. When the frozen ground thaws in summer these sediments form under the influence of water a system having unstatic density layering. The influence of several factors on the deformation has been described.

Authors and Affiliations

Czesław Wójcik

Phosphoritization in a starved shallow shelf environment: the Brentskardhaugen Bed (Toarcian-Bajocian) in Spitsbergen

Krzysztof Krajewski

Polish Polar Research | 1990 | vol. 11 | No 3-4 | 331-344

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen Jurassic sedimentology condensed phosphorite

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Krajewski

Effect of bedrock morphology, axial transport and lateral material sources on braided river sediments: A case study from Munin Valley, central Spitsbergen

Lenka Ondráčková Daniel Nývlt Martin Hanáček

Polish Polar Research | 2020 | vol. 41 | No 3 | 213-235 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2020.133013

Keywords Arctic Svalbard sedimentology proglacial streams bedload sediment

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Abstract

The Munin River (Svalbard) is a mountainous braided proglacial river. It drains from two valley glaciers developing an elongated channel belt and turning into a wide braided outwash fan before entering the main river. The Munin River is in its axial head supplied by the material from glaciers, and along the stream by material from lateral sources, i.e. braided outwash fan, debris-flow and fluvial-flow dominated fans. Detailed analyses of clast roundness showed that roundness suddenly changes to higher degrees in negative correlation with channel belt width and sinuosity of the channels. The roundness increases rapidly in sections with small channel belt width and low sinuosity, which can be seen in the bedrock gorge. On the contrary, the roundness does not change much in sections with large channel belt width and high sinuosity. The morphological changes of the channel belt are controlled by the bedrock morphology of the catchment, which is the main factor affecting the clast roundness in the Munin River. The nature of the lateral material sources and the downstream traction affect rather the individual gravel fractions.

Authors and Affiliations

Lenka Ondráčková

Daniel Nývlt

Martin Hanáček

Tectonic-climatic interactions during changes of depositional environments in the Carpathian foreland: An example from the Neogene of central Poland

Marek Widera Tomasz Zieliński Lilianna Chomiak Piotr Maciaszek Robert Wachocki Achim Bechtel Barbara Słodkowska Elżbieta Worobiec Grzegorz Worobiec

Acta Geologica Polonica | vol. 71 | No 4 | 519-542 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2020.134567

Keywords River type Lignite seam Sedimentology Tectonics climate Miocene

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Abstract

Many geological problems have not been convincingly explained so far and are debatable, for instance the origin and changes of the Neogene depositional environments in central Poland. Therefore, these changes have been reconstructed in terms of global to local tectonic and climatic fluctuations. The examined Neogene deposits are divided into a sub-lignite unit (Koźmin Formation), a lignite-bearing unit (Grey Clays Member), and a supra-lignite unit (Wielkopolska Member). The two lithostratigraphic members constitute the Poznań Formation. The results of facies analysis show that the Koźmin Formation was deposited by relatively high-gradient and well-drained braided rivers. Most likely, they encompassed widespread alluvial plains. In the case of the Grey Clays Member, the type of river in close proximity to which the mid-Miocene low-lying mires existed and then were transformed into the first Mid-Miocene Lignite Seam (MPLS-1), has not been resolved. The obtained results confirm the formation of the Wielkopolska Member by low-gradient, but mostly well-drained anastomosing or anastomosing-to-meandering rivers. The depositional evolution of the examined successions depended on tectonic and climatic changes that may be closely related to the mid-Miocene great tectonic remodelling of the Alpine-Carpathian orogen. This resulted in palaeogeographic changes in its foreland in the form of limiting the flow of wet air and water masses from the south and vertical tectonic movements.

Authors and Affiliations

Marek Widera

1

Tomasz Zieliński

1

Lilianna Chomiak

1

Piotr Maciaszek

2

Robert Wachocki

3

Achim Bechtel

4

Barbara Słodkowska

5

Elżbieta Worobiec

6

Grzegorz Worobiec

6

Adam Mickiewicz University, Institute of Geology, Krygowskiego 12, 61-680 Poznań, Poland
Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Marine Geology Branch, Kościerska 5, 80-328 Gdańsk, Poland
Konin Lignite Mine, 600-lecia 9, 62-540 Kleczew, Poland
Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Austria, Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Peter-Tunner-Str. 5, A-8700 Leoben, Austria
Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warszawa, Poland
W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, 31-512 Kraków, Poland

Tsunami event identified in a sedimentary record of the Gaza Strip, Palestine

Khalid Fathi Ubeid

Studia Quaternaria | 2021 | vol. 38 | No 1 | 43-51 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2021.136823

Keywords tsunami sedimentology pottery shard rip-up clast Gaza Strip

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Abstract

The outcrop of the tsunami deposits, about 6 m thick, is located in the archaeological site Tel Askan in the Al Zhraa locality, southwest of the Gaza City. These deposits are unconformably underlain by sand dunes and sharply overlain by a palaeosol. They are pale gray sands mixed with volcanic ash and fine-grained deposits, and are intercalated with peat, few centimetres thick. The sand-sized grains are well rounded and well sorted, and consist mainly of quartz and subordinate of feldspar. Both macro- and microfossils were observed from tsunami deposits. Additionally, rip-up clasts and pottery shards were observed, indicating higher-flow regime. The potteries in tsunami deposits provide evidence for tsunami inundation at distance of about 1 km from the present shoreline.

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Authors and Affiliations

Khalid Fathi Ubeid

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University-Gaza, P.O. Box 1277, Gaza Strip, Palestine

Report on the Polish geological investigations in West Antarctica, 1990/91

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Polish Polar Research | 1991 | vol. 12 | No 3 | 369-390

Keywords West Antarctica regional geology stratigraphy sedimentology tectonics volcanology mapping

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Abstract

Geological investigations of the 4th Polish Geodynamic Expedition to West Antarctica, summer 1990/91, covered the following topics: volcanological studies and mapping at Deception Island; stratigraphic, palaeonotological and sedimentological studies, and mapping of Tertiary glacial and glacio-marine strata on King George Island; sedimentological and mesostructural studies, and mapping at Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island; and palaeontological sampling of Jurassic (Mount Flora Formation) and Trinity Peninsula Group deposits at Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula.

Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Report on the Polish geological investigations in the Antarctic Peninsula sector, 1987—1988

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Polish Polar Research | 1988 | vol. 9 | No 4 | 505-519

Keywords West Antarctica regional geology stratigraphy tectonics sedimentology volcanology

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Abstract

Geological investigations of the 3rd Polish Geodynamic Expedition to West Antarctica, 1987—1988, covered the following topics: sedimentological and mesostructural studies of the Trinity Peninsula Group (?Carboniferous — Triassic) at Hope Bay, Cape Legoupil and Andvord Bay, Antarctic Peninsula, and at South Bay. Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands); late Mesozoic plant-bearing terrestrial sediments at Hope Bay; Antarctic Peninsula Volcanic Group, Andean-type plutons and systems of acidic and basic dykes (Upper Cretaceous and ?Tertiary) at Trinity Peninsula and around Gerlache Strait (Arctowski Peninsula, Anvers and Brabant islands); basalts and hyaloclastites within Tertiary glacigenic successions of King George Island; volcanic succession of the Deception Island caldera.

Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Rutile to tourmaline index – a tool for the recognition of the hydrodynamics of the depositional environment; a case study from the Campanian Szozdy Delta System, SE Poland

Michał Cyglicki Zbigniew Remin

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 833-851 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.148025

Keywords Sedimentology Rutile to tourmaline index (RuTidx) Heavy minerals hydrodynamics Sedimentary environment Hydraulic sorting

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Abstract

The newly discovered mid-Campanian Szozdy Delta System (Roztocze Hills, SE Poland) located in the southern part of the Polish Cretaceous Basin, at the northern edge of the Łysogóry-Dobrogea Land, has revealed interesting features concerning the relationship between the abundance of rutile and tourmaline. A distinct inverse relationship between rutile and tourmaline can be readily recognised in the succeeding units of the tripartite cyclothems (calcareous mudstone, calcareous sandstone, and calcareous gaize) representing the submarine part of the Szozdy Delta System. In the Szozdy section, both minerals are of similar shape (highly rounded), durability, and size; they are, however, characterised by markedly different densities. Therefore, it might be expected that these two mineral phases will be strongly dependent, both vertically and spatially, on the local energy of the sedimentary environment hydrodynamic power that existed during the deposition of the succeeding units of the cyclothems. The lighter tourmaline was likely transported further to the more quiescent prodelta environment, rendering the prodelta facies overrepresented in this mineral, whereas the heavier rutile was deposited closer to the river discharge. Such relative change in the abundance of these two mineral phases, emphasised by a standardised Z-score statistics, is referred here to as rutile to tourmaline index (RuTidx). Accordingly, as the RuTidx increases, the hydrodynamic power in the sedimentary environment increases as well. Since these two mineral phases are comparatively immune to alteration during the sedimentary cycle, the RuTidx is considered here to be an independent tool in recognising the hydrodynamics of the depositional environments of any age.

Authors and Affiliations

Michał Cyglicki

1

Zbigniew Remin

2

University of Warsaw, Faculty of Geology, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
Polish Geological Institute-National Research Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warszawa, Poland

Application of ground penetrating radar method combined with sedimentological analyses in studies of glaciogenic sediments in central Poland

Anna Lejzerowicz Anna Wysocka Sebastian Kowalczyk

Studia Quaternaria | 2018 | Vol. 35 | Iss. 2 | 103-119

Keywords ground penetrating radar radar facies glaciogenic deposits sedimentological studies central Poland

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Abstract

GPR method is perfectly suited for recognizing of sedimentary facies diversity in shallowly occurring sediments if there is a contrast of electrical properties between and/or within each layer. The article deals with the issue of the correlation between GPR surveys results and sedimentological analyses. As a result of this correlation a conceptual model of depositional systems of studied areas was developed. Studies were performed in two areas located in central Poland, where glacial deposits formed in the Middle Polish (Saalian) Glaciation are present. The study was based on 49 sediment samples and 21 GPR profiles. Analyses of lithofacies as well as granulometric and mineralogical composition of deposits of collected samples were carried out, showing the diversity of glacial deposits in both study sites. During GPR measurements shielded antenna with a frequency of 500 MHz was used which allowed high-resolution mapping of the internal structure of deposits and to identify four characteristic radar facies. Correlation of GPR profiles with point, one-dimensional sedimentological studies allowed the unambiguous interpretation of the GPR image and draw conclusions about the formation environment of individual units. Geophysical and sedimentological data obtained during study provide a new and detailed insight into selected glacial deposits in central Poland.

Authors and Affiliations

Anna Lejzerowicz

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Anna Wysocka

Sebastian Kowalczyk

Argentine-Polish geological investigations on Seymour (Marambio) Island, Antarctica, 1988

Marek Doktor Andrzej Gaździcki Sergio A. Marenssi Szczepan J. Porębski Sergio N. Santillana Ana V. Vrba

Polish Polar Research | 1988 | vol. 9 | No 4 | 521-541

Keywords Antarctica Seymour (Marambio) Island Cockburn Island Cretaceous-Tertiary strata paleontology sedimentology

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Abstract

This report describes aims and preliminary results of geological fieldwork carried out by a joint Argentine-Polish party on Seymour (Marambio) and Cockburn islands. Antarctic Peninsula, during austral summer of 1987 88. Seymour Island exposes chiefly shallow-marine, fossiliferous siliciclastic sediments that form an upper, 2000 m thick part in the Mesozoic-Tertiary backarc basin-infill of the Antarctic Peninsula. The fieldwork centered on paleontology and sedimentology of the La Meseta Formation (upper Eocene- ?lower Oligocene), although some observations of older deposits were carried out also. Clupeoid fishes were discovered in the La Meseta Formation. This is the first record of such fish fossils on the Antarctic continent.

Authors and Affiliations

Marek Doktor

Andrzej Gaździcki

Sergio A. Marenssi

Szczepan J. Porębski

Sergio N. Santillana

Ana V. Vrba

1

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