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What is the object of Immanuel Wallerstein’s history?

Jan Swianiewicz
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2013 | vol. 43 English-German version | 115-133
Keywords Wallerstein world-system analysis social history macrohistory capitalism
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Abstract

This article focuses on the question of the relation between the subject of The Modern World-System by Immanuel Wallerstein and the theoretical object of worldsystem analysis as a multidisciplinary approach that he proposed for history and the social sciences. The importance of this approach as well as its theoretical deficiencies are shown by examining two unanswered critiques of the first volume of The Modern World-System — one coming from Robert Brenner and the second from Fernand Braudel.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Swianiewicz

Not just biopolitics. 'Cancer' historiography in the study of the social history of medicine

Ewelina Szpak
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2021 | tom 51 | 453-479 | DOI: 10.24425/hsm.2021.138385
Keywords social history of medicine cancer cancer policy biopolitics
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Abstract

The aim of this article is to examine the current state of research on cancer in the field of the social history of health and illness (social history of medicine). The scope of analysis includes both Polish and foreign (English‑language) historical scientific journals and the most important monographic studies of the last three or four decades. The starting point for the following paper is the question of the origins of interest in cancer as a subject of historical research. The author indicates the main directions and dominant perspectives in the historical discourse of cancer, and through such a perspective, simultaneously tries to see to what extent research approaches on cancer history differ or converge in the approaches of different countries. The last aspect of the history of cancer, briefly outlined, touches upon the extent to which historical, anthropological and sociological as well as medical (history of medicine) research are intertwined and mutually inspiring or complementary.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ewelina Szpak
1
  1. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla, Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa

Reception and continuation of Jozef Andrzej Gierowski’s studies on Silesian history

Filip Wolański
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2023 | tom 53 | 261-273 | DOI: 10.24425/hsm.2023.147372
Keywords Józef A. Gierowski Silesia Wrocław historiography urban history social history identity
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Abstract

Among Gierowski's research, an important place was occupied by works on the past of Silesia. He started Silesian studies that fit into socio‑economic history. He also published syntheses and source editions devoted to the history of Silesia. His research was continued by Józef Lesz-czyński and Krystyn Matwijowski. Leszczyński continued and developed his reflection on the social and legal history of Silesia. Among them, he examined the problems of peasant revolts, the situation of the poorest in Silesia during the Thirty Years' War and after its end. He studied Polish‑Silesian relations in the 17th and 18th centuries. Matwijowski conducted research on the history of Pietism and the history of everyday life in Silesia and works devoted to the past of Lower Silesian towns. Gierowski's research is inspired by Jerzy Maroń, the author of a book devoted to the Thirty Years' War in Silesia, Leszek Ziątkowski, authors part of the history of Wrocław and books about the past of Jews in Silesia. Jacek Dębicki deals with the history of culture in Silesia. Daniel Wojtucki develops studies on socio‑cultural phenomena in Silesia and Lusatia.
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Authors and Affiliations

Filip Wolański
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Uniwersytet Wrocławski

Social history of ideas in the French way: critical tasks and the conditions of possibility in (semi-)peripheral contexts

Piotr Kuligowski
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2023 | tom 53 | 531-548 | DOI: 10.24425/hsm.2023.147384
Keywords East Central Europe France social history of ideas transfer
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Abstract

The article offers a critical insight into the social history of ideas as a research trend that has been dynamically developing within French academic circles since 2010. Methodologically, the social history of ideas attempts to apply sociological tools to study the diffusion and embedding of political ideas within specific groups. After presenting the general directions of this trend's development, the author focuses on its critics, offering their own reflections on the difficulties one might encounter when applying its principles to research on Central‑Eastern Europe. To tackle this task, the author provides a methodological exercise to verify the extent to which the principles of social history of ideas can be applied to the study of (semi)peripheral ideas. In conclusion, the author emphasises the invigorating nature and critical tasks that social history of ideas can fulfill within Polish historiography as well.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Kuligowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warszawa

O historii społecznej z perspektywy demografa historycznego słów parę

Cezary Kuklo
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2019 | tom 49 | 301-328 | DOI: 10.24425/hsm.2019.130584
Keywords social history historical demographics family household living patterns
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Abstract

This article concerns the mutual expanding and enriching influence of the social history and historical demographics research issues, visible in popular historiography, at least since the end of the 20th century. The author uses selected achievements of international historiography as a backdrop for a presentation of the main achievements of Polish historical demographers, who conducted modern studies into the forms and living patterns in the territory of Poland ranging from the late mediaeval times up to the 20th century, on a larger scale than ever in the past. The article highlights the presence of new sociocultural and demographic issues such as areas of solitary females, location and significance of the elderly, occurrence of the life cycle servants phenomenon in the Old-Polish society.

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Authors and Affiliations

Cezary Kuklo

Przyziemne potrzeby w badaniach społeczno-gospodarczych dawnej Polski

Piotr Guzowski
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2019 | tom 49 | 329-359 | DOI: 10.24425/hsm.2019.130585
Keywords economic history social history historical demography the state of the art historiography
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Abstract

The article presents the author’s perspective on the achievements of Polish historiography in the field of economic, social and historical demography of the pre-industrial period. It also suggests new directions of research that would relate to trends, methods and theories prevalent in world historiography.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Guzowski

Is Nicolaus Copernicus still mysterious? Images from the life of the astronomer on the eve of the 550th anniversary of his birth

Krzysztof Mikulski
Nauka | 2022 | No 1 | 73-92 | DOI: 10.24425/nauka.2022.140322
Keywords Nicolaus Copernicus Late Medieval Period social history historical anniversary
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Abstract

This article is a summary of the author's research into the background, social environment and other elements of Nicolaus Copernicus' biography. The author draws attention to the genesis of the dispute over the astronomer's “nationality” and emphasises his nineteenth-century origins. The author points to the influence of the partitions of Poland on the one hand, and the rise of German nationalism on the other, as the main reasons for its emergence. He emphasises the fact of Copernicus' loyalty to the Polish king and, consequently, Copernicus' historically understood “Polishness”. The author discusses the history of the astronomer's home town - Toruń, its economic and political role in the 13–16th centuries and, in particular, the commercial confederation linking the city and its merchants with Western and Northern Europe, the lands of the Polish Kingdom, Upper Hungary (today's Slovakia) and Silesia. These links indicate the causes and directions of merchant migration that led to the appearance of the Copernicus family in Toruń. The author put forward a thesis on the Westphalian origin of the family of Nicolaus Copernicus' mother, Watzenrode. The family came from the village of Wazerath (in the 15th century Watzenrode), situated near the German- Belgian border. The Watzenrode family arrived in Toruń in the first half of the 14th century together with a wave of migrants from Westphalian towns with Soest and Dortmund at the head. Of the 8 great-grandmothers of Copernicus, 6 came from families directly descended from Westphalia, one from Ruthenia, and one from Livonia. The Watzenrode family belonged to the elite of Toruń's patricians - three of its members were local councillors and three jurors, and five of its representatives went on to study at university. There was a tradition in the family of striving to achieve high social prestige through a clerical career for its members, taken from John Abezier, and continued by the astronomer's uncle, Łukasz Watzenrode, both bishops of Warmia. The astronomer's father's family came from Silesia, not from the village of Koperniki, but from the town of Nysa. The surname “Copernicus” had a professional character, being connected with the mining or processing of copper. In Nysa the Koperniks were recorded in the bench book under the name “Kopersmed”, which was a translation of their Slavic surname into the official language of the books – German. Considered in earlier literature to be the astronomer's grandfather, John Copernicus was probably his father Andrew's cousin. However, he played a significant role in the life of the astronomer's family. It was probably thanks to Jan Nicolaus Copernicus that his father went from Nysa to Cracow for a merchant apprenticeship to Jan Sweidniczer, and later, thanks to the relationship with this merchant, he went to Prussia and settled in Toruń. Nicolaus Copernicus was not the youngest child in his family. This misconception was caused by the order in which the children of Nicolaus and Barbara Copernicus were listed in a genealogical table prepared by the Gdańsk writer Stanisław Bornbach. Earlier biographers of Copernicus considered this order to be chronological, whereas it was alphabetical. In contemporary sources Nicolaus appears twice before his brother Andrew (never in reverse order), which is sufficient evidence for the recognition of his seniority in relation to his brother. The astronomer was born in Toruń, but not in the tenement house at 15 Kopernik Street, where today there is a part of the museum devoted to him. This house belonged to the astronomer's family in the years 1458–1480, but probably already in 1468 they moved to the tenement house at 36 Rynek Staromiejski, half of which belonged to the Watzenrode family already at the end of the 14th century, and the other half was bought by the astronomer's father in 1468. Anna Schilling, hailed in literature as the “lady of the heart” of the astronomer approaching the end of his days, was most probably his cousin from Gdańsk. She was the daughter of Nicolaus Copernicus' cousin. She lived in Frombork as a widow, rather as a carer of her elderly and probably already ailing cousin. The question of Copernicus' place of rest in Frombork Cathedral is still open. The identification of his remains still raises some doubts among researchers, especially anthropologists and geneticists. Despite these reservations, the author concludes that our knowledge of Nicolaus Copernicus' background, youth and private life on the eve of his 550th birthday is much greater than it was even several decades after his death and only a few years ago.
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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Mikulski
1
  1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu

Social History in Theory and Research Practice by Jerzy Topolski

Cezary Kuklo
Historyka Studia Metodologiczne | 2020 | tom 50 | 111-129 | DOI: 10.24425/hsm.2020.134799
Keywords social history theory research practice Jerzy Topolski historiography 20th century
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Abstract

The aim of this article is to present the understanding of social history of Jerzy Topolski, from the theoretical side and as it was used in practical research work. The source basis, aside from the few direct quotes from the historian from Poznan on social history, are mainly analyses of his selected original works and works edited by him. The article also takes note of the discussion surrounding the term ‘social history’ itself and the research scope of social history as a historic discipline or sub-discipline which took place in the second half of the 20th century, which is the period in which Topolski published his works.

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Authors and Affiliations

Cezary Kuklo

Shaftesbury v. Richardson: a Counterfactual Exercise. = Shaftesbury versus Richardson: ćwiczenie kontrfaktyczne

Harry Mount
Rocznik Historii Sztuki | 2020 | No XLV | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/rhs.2020.136889
Keywords art theory social history of art aesthetic theory 18th Century British aesthetics taste beginnings of art history neoclassicism
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Abstract

This article considers what might have happened had the 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury lived long enough to see his planned book of art theory, Second Characters, into publication. It suggests that Second Characters would have challenged, and perhaps supplanted, Jonathan Richardson the Elder’s Theory of Painting (1715) as the first substantial and original British contribution to the theory of art. Much of the article consists of a comparison between Richardson’s Theory of Painting and the ‘Plasticks’ section of Second Characters, for which Shaftsbury’s notes survive. This comparison suggests that the theory of painting which Shaftesbury would have offered to his compatriots would have differed from that offered by Richardson in certain important respects. Primarily addressing his text to his fellow aristocratic patrons rather than to painters, Shaftesbury’s vision for the future of British art was both more high-minded and more narrow than that offered by Richardson. For Shaftesbury the moral subject matter of painting was all-important, and the artistic traits he most admired, including historical subjects, grandeur of scale and austerity of style, were those he saw as best placed to transmit that moral subject matter. Richardson, by contrast, was for more tolerant of the extant British taste for portraits and more sensual styles and offered a theory of art which was in part formalist. The article also stresses the importance of the equation Shaftesbury made between the social and political health of a society and the quality of its art, and suggests that had Second Characters been published at the time when it was written we might now consider Shaftesbury, rather than Winckelmann, as the father of the social history of art. The article ends by considering two possible outcomes had Second Characters been published in the early eighteenth century, in one of which it had a profound impact on British art and British attitudes to art, and in the other of which Shaftesbury’s refusal to compromise with current British tastes condemned his text to no more than a marginal status.
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Authors and Affiliations

Harry Mount
1
  1. Oxford Brookes University

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