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Abstract

In modern conditions of economic globalization, strengthening market relations and aggravated competition, the economic development of an enterprise directly depends on the introduction of innovations. The transition to an innovative path of development requires the enterprise to determine its readiness and assess the possibility of development and the further implementation of innovations. Modern trends in the production of conventional liquid fuels in Ukraine, in particular, analysis of the production of motor gasoline and primary oil refining in Ukraine, the share of motor gasoline produced in Ukraine in the total volume of gasoline used, the volume of bioethanol production by Ukrainian distillery factories have been analyzed in the article. An assessment of the resource production potential for the production of bioethanol in Ukraine has been carried out. Possibilities of bioethanol production in Ukraine at distilleries have been investigated. An analysis of molasses production in Ukraine and theoretically possible volumes of bioethanol production from molasses in Ukraine have been calculated. The scheme of key strategic priorities for the development of the food ethanol and bioethanol in Ukraine has been proposed. The advantages of using bioethanol in the gasoline-ethanol blends for vehicles have been noted, a SWOT analysis map for organizing the production of bioethanol at sugar beet processing plant and distilleries has been generated. The needs of Ukraine in the production of bioethanol have been calculated and, according to the results obtained, the volumes of bioethanol production have been predicted.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grygorii Kaletnik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Natalia Pryshliak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yana Palamarenko
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine
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Abstract

Sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L.) has emerged as an alternative to sugarcane. It is mainly utilized for sugar extraction and has significant industrial value with great nutritional impact. Different kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses are considered to be major barriers for sugar beet cultivation. As per the current scenario, every year sugar beet production suffers huge yield losses due to various stresses. The conventional breeding technique is a time-consuming lengthy procedure which can be replaced by a genetic transformation technique to bring new transgenic traits within a short period of time. Sugar beet has proven to be excellent sample material for in vitro culture of haploid plants, protoplast culture, somaclonal variation, and single cell culture, among others. Agrobacterium mediated and PEG-mediated transformations are the most effective genomic transformations in the case of sugar beet. Development of new traits in terms of fungus/virus, pest/nematode tolerance, herbicide and salt tolerance are the most frequently expected traits in the current scenario of sugar beet production. Potential transgenic plants are viable alternatives to traditional expression systems for end product (protein) development with more accuracy. So, transgenic production through genome editing/base editing is presently considered to be one of the best tools for sugar beet tolerant traits development. Food safety and environmental impacts are two major concerns of genetic transformation in sugar beet and need to be appropriately screened for public health acceptability.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sudeepta Pattanayak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Siddhartha Das
2
ORCID: ORCID
Sumit Kumar
3

  1. Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR – Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
  2. Department of Plant Pathology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Parlakhemundi, India
  3. Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Kurukshetra University, Thanesar, India
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Abstract

The use of environmentally friendly bio-pesticides is crucial for higher root and sugar yield in sugar beets. The economic importance of beet moth [ Scrobipalpa ocellatella Boyd. (Lep.: Gelechidae)] losses in the field and storage highlight the need for evaluation of appropriate, environmentally friendly methods for pest control. The aims of the present study were to i) assess azadirachin (AZN) effects on the life cycle and activity of the pest, and ii) manage the beet moth on roots under laboratory conditions. For the experiments, the main concentrations were prepared on the basis of the field-recommended dose of this pesticide (1–1.5 l/1000 l water). The LC50 was estimated for 3rd instar larvae. Later, at sublethal concentrations, the relative time for the emergence of each developmental stage was determined. The mean female fecundity was 37% (±4) for treated tests at the lowest AZN concentration (0.5 ml · l–1). AZN at 0.5 ml · l–1 concentration resulted in 62 (±4) deposited eggs per plant for the treated roots and 326 (±1) for roots in the control test. Mortality increased in response to increased AZN concentrations. The results revealed that after 72 h, the highest AZN concentration (2.5 ml · l–1) caused 100% repellency and 82% (±1.38) mortality on 3rd instar larvae. According to our findings, a concentration of 2 ml · l–1 AZN (20 gr active ingredient per 1 hectare) after 4 days affected 1st instar larvae and the larvae with no further development had 92.2% (±1.2) mortality. In conclusion, the results revealed that AZN as a biorational pesticide can significantly minimize the losses of S. ocellatella on sugar beet crops.
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Authors and Affiliations

Somaye Allahvaisi
1
Mahdi Hassani
2
Bahram Heidari
3

  1. Plant Protection Research Department, Hamedan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamedan, Iran
  2. Sugar Beet Research Department, Hamedan Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Hamedan, Iran
  3. Department of Plant Production and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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Abstract

Over the last decade, an expansion of sugar beet weevil has been observed in Poland, damaging seedlings of sugar beet plants. The distribution of damage caused by this species in Poland is presented. The expansion of the distribution of losses was illustrated on the UTM map in 2-year intervals.
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Bibliography


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Drmić Z., Čačija M., Virić Gašparić H., Lemić D., & Bažok R. 2019. Phenology of the sugar beet weevil, Bothynoderes punctiventris Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Croatia. Bulletin of Entomological Research 109 (4): 518–527. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000748531800086X
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Authors and Affiliations

Zdzisław Klukowski
1
Jacek Piszczek
2

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
  2. Regional Experimental Station, Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute (IPP – NRI), Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

Sugar beet molasses vinasse is a high-strength distillery wastewater. It contains colored substances which significantly affect the degree of pollution and toxicity of vinasse. This study aimed to optimize the medium composition and the process condition of sugar beet molasses vinasse decolorization by Lactobacillus plantarum MiLAB393. The research was conducted in two stages: the shake-fl ask stage in the 250 cm 3 Erlenmeyer flasks and the batch experiments in the 5 dm 3 working volume stirred-tank bioreactor. During the study, the concentrations of glucose and yeast extract were optimized using experimental design of experiments (DOE). The influences of the initial value of pH and pH control, temperature, stirrer speed and glucose concentration on decolorization were tested. The highest color reduction of 24.1% was achieved for an experiment in which 24.93 g/dm 3 of glucose was added to the medium and stirrer speed was 200 rpm. This efficiency of 30% v/v sugar beet molasses vinasse decolorization was obtained at non-controlled pH 6.0 and at 35.8°C. It was found that pH control determines vinasse decolorization. When the pH was controlled, decolorization did not exceed 9%. The glucose and yeast extract concentration and the stirrer speed have a great influence on the process. Changes in these parameters may increase biomass growth while decreasing the decolorization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marta Wilk
1
Małgorzata Krzywonos
1

  1. Wroclaw University of Economics
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Abstract

Tubercle disease or a bacterial pocket disease of sugar beets are names used to describe one of the gall-malformed diseases of sugar beet roots. Xanthomonas beticola is the historical name of the pathogen supposedly causing bacterial pocket disease. There were no isolates deposited in any collection corresponding to the originally isolated bacteria, except two strains from the NCPPB (National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria, UK). However, both isolates were identified as related to Bacillus pumilus, which raised doubts about their pathogenicity. In our laboratory, greenhouse, and preliminary field experiments, we demonstrated that such strains are not pathogenic to sugar beets. Furthermore, both strains promoted their growth, improved their yield quality, and partly protected them against Rhizoctonia solani in a field experiment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata B. Nabrdalik
1
Ewa B. Moliszewska
1

  1. Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Opole University, Opole, Poland
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Abstract

This study presents the results of research on the effect of long-term use of phosphorus fertilizers on permanent sugar beet crops for more than 50 years and on the transformation of phosphate forms on light chestnut soil and its yield. Our work aims to establish the main factors of quantitative and qualitative changes in various phosphates in light chestnut soil. Despite the large amount of practical material, the influence duration of phosphorus fertilizer application has not been sufficiently studied on the irrigated soils of Kazakhstan. It should be noted that the current study was carried out in long-term stationary experimental sites for the production of sugar beet with permanent sowing. The introduction of phosphate fertilizers primarily on the permanent crops of sugar beets in the same norms contributes to a more significant increase in gross phosphorus reserves. The soil content of gross phosphorus for 58 years on the control and nitrogen-potassium variants show practically no changes. Furthermore, when phosphorus fertilizers are applied on the variant with the annual application of a single norm of phosphorus and its amount for 58 years (4400 kg∙ha–1 of application doses) its content increased by 2660 mg∙kg–1, and with the introduction of its one and a half norms (6600 kg of application doses) by 2860 mg∙kg–1 of soil.
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Authors and Affiliations

Balnur Alimbekova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Rakhimzhan Yeleshev
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Zhenisgul Bakenova
ORCID: ORCID
Aigerim Shibikeyeva
ORCID: ORCID
Marzhan Balkozha
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Kazakh National Agrarian University, Faculty of Agronomy, Abay avenue 8, Almaty 050010, Kazakhstan
  2. National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan

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