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Correlation and Regression Analysis of Heavy Metal Content and Magnetic Susceptibility in Soils from Upper Silesian Industrial Region

Jarosław Zawadzki Tadeusz Magiera Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2004 | vol. 30 | No 2 | 71-82
Keywords heavy metals magnetic susceptibility topsoil
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Abstract

The aim of this paper was to investigate the relationship between magnetic susceptibility of topsoil and content of heavy metal being the result of urban and industrial dust-fall. Tools for this study were some complementary statistic methods such as: correlation analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, stepwise regression and .chi-kwadrat" test. The base for statistic analysis was dataset of ca. 600 topsoil samples (20 cm) form Upper Silesian Industrial Region, including content ofAs, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb as well as values of low-field specific magnetic susceptibility (x) measured for the same samples. The study clearly confirms a significant correlation between the level of inorganic contamination and the measured susceptibility value, although the correlations in soil are usually more sophisticated. The most often observed correlation coefficients between magnetic susceptibility and heavy metals content were on medium (r = 0.5--0.7) and high (r = 0.7--0.9) level. The statistic analysis of the studied parameters can not be based only on Pearson correlation coefficient. The use of some complementary statistic methods allows for more correct interpretation of existing relationships. The comparable values of Pearson linear correlation coefficient and Spearman rank the correlation coefficient, observed in studied dataset within the range of accuracy used, shows the existence of linear correlation. The similar conclusions have been drawn from the analysis of reverse stepwise regression. The observed model of linear multiple regression explains almost 80% of variability of the X value. Foregoing statistical analysis confirms some earlier observations that magnetometry based on topsoil magnetic susceptibility measurement could be a very interesting and alternative or complementary method for monitoring anthropogenic soil pollution and especially heavy metal contamination level.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jarosław Zawadzki
Tadeusz Magiera
Zygmunt Strzyszcz

Susceptibility of flours derived from various cereal grains to infestation by the rust-red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in different seasons

Joy Mbaya Turaki Buba Mburza Sastawa Baba Gana Jugudum Kabir Ndowa Ekoate Sunday Lale
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2007 | vol. 47 | No 3 | 279-288
Keywords susceptibility cereal flour Tribolium castaneum season
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Abstract

Two flour types (unpolished flour and polished one) and flour textures (grits and fine) of five cereal grains made up of millet, rice, wheat, sorghum and maize were evaluated under laboratory conditions for their susceptibility and progeny development in Tribolium castaneum in hot dry and cool humid seasons. T. castaneum thrived better during the cool humid season than the hot dry season. Polished flour was less susceptible to infestation and supported lower population of the beetles than unpolished flour. Index of susceptibility was 19.65–20.76% in unpolished flour and 18.89–19.76% in polished flour. The number of progeny that developed were 102.6–135.1 and 98.2–121.4 in unpolished and polished flours, respectively. Similarly, grit flour was significantly less susceptible than fine flour in both seasons. Rice, wheat and sorghum flours were less susceptible and supported significantly lower populations of T. castaneum than millet and maize flours in both seasons. Polished wheat flour supported least progeny number than the flour types of the other cereal grains. Conversely, significantly higher number of progeny developed in polished flour of millet and maize and unpolished flour of wheat. Millet fine flour and maize fine or grit flours were significantly more susceptible to infestation than flours of the other cereal grains.

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Authors and Affiliations

Joy Mbaya Turaki
Buba Mburza Sastawa
Baba Gana Jugudum Kabir
Ndowa Ekoate Sunday Lale

The Effect of Carbides Orientation in NC11 Steel on Scratch Susceptibility of Die Inserts Used to Press Stampings for Refractory Shapes

M. Korzeniowski A. Trytek M. Tupaj K. Sondej L. Kozak M. Mróz B. Kupiec A.W. Orłowicz
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2016 | No 2 | DOI: 10.1515/afe-2016-0033
Keywords NC11 steel Die insert Scratch susceptibility
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Abstract

NC11 steel, in view of the specificity of its manufacturing process, is characterised with band-like orientation of carbides. Depending

on the direction of cutting the material for the inserts out of commercially available steel products, carbide bands can be oriented

in parallel or perpendicularly to the direction in which aggregate grains move in the process of pressing stampings. It has been found that

in case of scratches made in direction perpendicular to carbide bands, depth of the scratches is less than this observed when scratches are

made in direction coinciding with prevailing orientation of carbide precipitates.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Korzeniowski
A. Trytek
M. Tupaj
K. Sondej
L. Kozak
M. Mróz
B. Kupiec
A.W. Orłowicz

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp.strains isolated from free-living birds

M. Krawiec S. Rusiecki M. Kuczkowski A. Wieliczko
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2017 | No 4 | DOI: 10.1515/pjvs-2017-0080
Keywords Salmonella spp. antimicrobial susceptibility resistance wild birds
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Krawiec
S. Rusiecki
M. Kuczkowski
A. Wieliczko

Susceptometer in soil magnetic susceptibility studies

Sławomir Janas Tadeusz Magiera Tadeusz Szumiata
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2022 | vol. 29 | No 1 | 127-142 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2022.138550
Keywords magnetic susceptibility soils analysis mass measurement
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Abstract

This work presents a method for measuring the magnetic susceptibility of soil samples based on interactions of magnetic particles contained in a tested sample with a weighed permanent magnet placed in the balance mechanical design. The MYA 2.4Y microbalance manufactured by Radwag Wagi Elektroniczne, Poland, was used to perform mass measurements. The weighing system was adjusted for mass indication using a certified mass standard, and for magnetic susceptibility indication using a certified magnetic susceptibility standard. The volume of each analysed soil sample was 3.93 cm 3 and was similar to the volume and the size of the magnetic susceptibility standard. The research was carried out for 10 soil samples with a magnetic susceptibility range varying from 20 to 1600x10 -8 m 3 kg -1. The soil samples contained technogenic magnetic particles and particles of natural magnetite of geogenic origin. The study was performed for a field of 2 mT.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sławomir Janas
1
Tadeusz Magiera
2
Tadeusz Szumiata
3
  1. Radwag Wagi Elektroniczne, Centre for Metrology Research and Certification, Torunska 5, 26-600 Radom, Poland
  2. Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
  3. University of Technology and Humanities, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Physics, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland

Palaeoclimate and pedosedimentary reconstruction of a middle to late Pleistocene loess-palaeosol sequence, Prymorske, SW Ukraine

Mark Stephens Dariusz Krzyszkowski Andriy Ivchenko Marek Majewski
Studia Quaternaria | 2002 | Vol.19 | 3-17
Keywords Ukraine Quaternary loess palaeosols magnetic susceptibility
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Abstract

A new investigation and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the locss-palaeosol sequence at Prymorskc, SW Ukraine is presented using soil structures, grain size, mineral magnetics, organic carbon and calcium carbonate determinations. Six units of the established Ukraine Quaternary stratigraphical scheme have been identified and analysed above and including the Zavadivka (Holsteinian) marker horizon - Dnieper, Kaidaky, Tiasmyn, Pryluky and Udai. Precipitation and temperature are tentatively reconstructed from soil and sedimentary proxies calibrated by modern analogues. Increased temperatures and precipitation to today are inferred for the red-brown Zavadivka palaeosol. Overlying Zavadivka is the Dnieper loess containing a gley and two chernozcms above, possibly representing climatic variations of the Saalian Glaciation. The calcified chernozem Kaidaky is separated by a thin loess from the brown/ chestnut Pryluky palaeosol (Eemian) which has features indicating drier conditions to the present. Non-gleyed palaeosols exhibit an enhanced magnetic susceptibility (MS) signal relative to the less weathered loess and highlights the palaeoclimatic potential of the technique. The most well developed palaeosol from this study has the highest MS value (Zavadivka: 80-1 o·8 SJ units) but this relationship is not always found in the Black Sea region. Previous MS analyses at Prymorske (Nawrocki et al. 1999) report significantly higher values to those of this study. Consequently the MS curve at Prymorske cannot be used with confidence for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and inter-regional correlation without further investigation and modern analogue study.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mark Stephens
Dariusz Krzyszkowski
ORCID: ORCID
Andriy Ivchenko
Marek Majewski

Magnetic Susceptibility Measurement on Ombrothrophic Peat in Monitoring of Industrial Immission

Zygmunt Strzyszcz Tadeusz Magiera
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2001 | vol. 27 | No 2 | 141-167
Keywords ombrotrophic peat bogs magnetic susceptibility industrial imissions metals and selenium
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Authors and Affiliations

Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Tadeusz Magiera

Occurrence of root rot of sugar beet cultivars

Jacek Piszczek
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2004 | vol. 44 | No 4 | 341-345
Keywords Aphanomyces cochlioides Rhizoctonia solani sugar beet root rot diseases susceptibility
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Abstract

Serious losses caused by root rot of sugar beet were observed in Poland in 2001 and 2002. The disease occurred in most of regions of sugar beet cropping from June to the end of growing season. Very high losses of yield were observed on many fields especially on cultivar Lolita in 2001. The aim of this work was to detect the casual agent of root rot (2001) and to compare susceptibility of sugar beet cultivars to this disease (2002–2003). The laboratory tests (2001) showed that most of destroyed roots were infected by Aphanomyces cochlioides Drechsler. This species is very well known as a pathogen of sugar beet seedling damping-off in Poland. The fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn was found only in 12% of rotten roots collected in south-eastern part of Poland. In field trails the highest number of infected roots and the highest infection inde xwere found for cultivar Arthur (2002–2003). That cultivar was significantly more susceptible to root rot than the rest of tested cultivars.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Piszczek

Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Content in Dust From the Lime Plant and the Cement Plant in Opole Voivodeship

B. Gołuchowska Z. Strzyszcz G. Kusza
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2012 | vol. 38 | No 2 | DOI: 10.2478/v10265-012-0019-3
Keywords Lime dust magnetic susceptibility heavy metals pH specific conductivity
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Abstract

Until now, dust arising from lime manufacture has been considered harmless to the environment so it has been investigated marginally from the standpoint of environmental protection, especially when it came to magnetic properties and heavy metal content. The aim of the research was filling the gap in this area. The research comprised measurements of magnetic susceptibility, the content of heavy metals, reaction (pH) and specific conductivity of lime dust and also raw material and fuel used for lime production. The samples were taken from one of the lime plants located in Opole Province. Similar investigations were also performed for dust taken from the nearby cement plant using dry method of cement production. It was proven that magnetic susceptibility, heavy metal content and conductivity of lime dust was lower in comparison to cement dust, which resulted from the fact that the lime plant used neither low raw materials nor additives. Due to the high atmosphere dust level in the vicinity of the investigated plants, extremely basic reaction of the tested dust and high content of metals, the studied dust cause alkalization of soils and contribute to the increase of heavy metal content in soils, posing a threat to the environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

B. Gołuchowska
Z. Strzyszcz
G. Kusza

Individual resistance of Fraxinus angustifolia and F. excelsior clones to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus

Katarína Adamčíková Jozef Pažitný Katarína Pastirčáková
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2018 | vol. 58 | No 3 | 227-233 | DOI: 10.24425/122937
Keywords ash dieback Chalara fraxinea in situ pathogenicity tests susceptibility
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Abstract

Ash dieback, caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is a serious disease of common and

narrow-leaved ash in Europe. The resistance of individual trees seems to be important for

the maintenance of ash in European forests. In this in situ wound inoculation study, the

susceptibility and differences in resistance to H. fraxineus between Fraxinus excelsior and

F. angustifolia clones were assessed. Neither of the tested clones revealed total resistance

to ash dieback; variety between the tested clones was observed. Differences in necroses

lengths were significant between clones and between two ash species. Longer necroses were

formed in F. angustifolia than in F. excelsior. Some clones exhibiting some resistance to the

pathogen were identified.

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Authors and Affiliations

Katarína Adamčíková
Jozef Pažitný
Katarína Pastirčáková

Moderate resistance to tomato leaf curl virus among commercial tomato cultivars in northern Nigeria

Mathew Alegbejo Olalekan Banwo
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2006 | vol. 46 | No 3 | 207-213
Keywords tomato cultivars Tomato leaf curl virus resistance susceptibility
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Abstract

Sixteen tomato cultivars obtained from the collections of the Institute for Agricultural Research (IAR) Samaru, Nigeria were screened for resistance to local strains of Tomato leaf curl virus at Samaru, Northern Guinea Savanna, over a two year period, 1998/1999 and 1999/2000 dry seasons. Five cultivars were moderately resistant, nine were moderately susceptible, while two were highly susceptible. Most of the cultivars were high yielding (46–55 t/ha) and had good fruit size (4.8–6.0 cm x 2.8–4.1 cm). They will be further evaluated on-farm at different locations after which they will be introduced to farmers to replace the low yielding and TLCV-susceptible cultivars currently in use in most parts of the Savanna ecological zones of the country.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mathew Alegbejo
Olalekan Banwo

Technogenic and Geogenie Magnetic Susceptibility of Mountain Forest Soils on Example of Forest Division Kamienna Góra

Adam Łukasik Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2009 | vol.35 | No 2 | 87-95
Keywords Heavy metal content magnetic susceptibility parent rock Sudety Mountains
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Abstract

The Sudety Mountains are located close to industrial areas of Germany, Poland and the Czech Republic and are the most polluted Polish mountains, Among air pollutants such as SO2 NO,, fly ashes from local and transboundary power plants emission have a significant input. In determination of soil pollutants, magnetic susceptibility measurements find application. The use otmagnetic measurements as a proxy lor chemical methods is possible because air pollutants and magnetic particles arc interrelated. The major sources or air pollution in the Sudety Mountains arc fly ashes from burning process of fossil fuels. This paper presents content and distribution of heavy metals in soil profiles, depending on their natural or industrial origin and the results of magnetic susceptibility measurements.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Łukasik
Zygmunt Strzyszcz

Genetic-Environmental Controls of the Tolerance of Forest Trees to Industrial Pollution

Katarzyna Fagiewicz Leon Kozacki Wiesław Prus-Głowacki Ewa Chudzińska Aleksandra Wojnicka-Półtorak
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2006 | vol. 32 | No 1 | 73-88
Keywords human impact heavy metals susceptibility tolerance to pollution genetic structure of trees
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Abstract

Genetic-environmental controls of the tolerance of forest trees to industrial pollution arc discussed on the example of the Scots pine. Within the pine population under study, various responses to man-made stress were observed in individual specimens, which gave rise to the hypothesis about a genetic origin of the phenomenon. The research procedure was preceded by an assessment of the environmental conditions which focused especially on the pollution of the atmosphere and pedosphere as a background for estimating the level of variation and examining the genetic structure of specimens sensitive to, or tolerant of, the pollution. The analysis covered a pine population coming from natural forest regeneration growing in the zone of direct impact of pollution from the Miasteczko Śląskie Zinc Works. Two groups of trees were distinguished: S (sensitive) and T (tolerant), characterized by different genetic parameters. The observed tendencies (slower cell division rates, lower values of the mitotic index than in the control group, a high level of chromosomal aberrations) indicate a direct effect of the pollution on the genetic material of the trees.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Fagiewicz
Leon Kozacki
Wiesław Prus-Głowacki
Ewa Chudzińska
Aleksandra Wojnicka-Półtorak

Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metal Contents of Forest Soils under Variable Dominant Tree Species in Pruhonice Park

Marzena Ferdyn Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2003 | vol. 29 | No 3
Keywords magnetic susceptibility Heavy metal content topsoil deciduous forests coniferous forests
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Abstract

The aim of the research was to study the influence of different tree stands on topsoil magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal contamination in the soil. The study was performed in the old park in Pruhonice (near Prague) in the Czech Republic. On the relatively small area of Pruhonice Park, five different coniferous tree species (pine, spruce, blue spruce, fir, Douglas fir) and five deciduous species (beech, red oak, common oak, hornbeam, birch) were found, growing in small clusters on the same geological background. Also other natural and anthropogenic factors such as distance from industrial and urban sources of pollution, type of soil, climate, etc. were similar. The magnetic susceptibility was measured directly in the field. Twenty topsoil cores 0.3 m long (2 under each tree species) were collected and also soil samples from under each tree (litter horizon) were taken. The magnetic susceptibility values of the topsoil profiles and of litter layer samples were obtained. Heavy metal analyses of surface samples (litter horizon) were also carried out. The field magnetic susceptibility (K) data are more or less comparable to the laboratory data (x). High heavy metal contents corresponding to high magnetic susceptibility values are observed in the litter horizon. A positive correlation between magnetic susceptibility and some heavy metals was observed. The results suggest that the type of forest may also influence the values of magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal content. Generally higher magnetic susceptibility values were observed in the coniferous forest, except for the surface layer (litter horizon) where the K values are lower than in the deciduous forest.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marzena Ferdyn
Zygmunt Strzyszcz

Long term changes in the quality and water trophy of Lake Ińsko – the effect of the re-oligotrophication?

Jacek Kubiak Sylwia Machula Przemysław Czerniejewski Adam Brysiewicz Wawrzyniec Wawrzyniak
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2021 | No 51 | 30-37 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2021.139012
Keywords Lake Ińsko oligotrophication susceptibility to degradation trophy water quality
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Abstract

In 1970–2010, during the period of spring circulation and summer stagnation, hydrochemical studies were conducted in Lake Ińsko (Western Pomeranian Lake Region, Poland) with determination of the lake susceptibility to degradation and trophic changes. Also, the effect of the catchment area on the water quality in this waterbody was assessed. The waters of the study lake were characterised by low static index, which is an additional indicator of low dynamics of water masses, and low susceptibility to degradation. In spite of this, significant changes in the lake quality and trophy were observed. The hydrochemical parameters defining water quality of the study lake continued to improve. In the 70’s, the water quality was at the border of class II and III, while in 2006 and 2010 it reached the level characteristic for class I waters. Moreover, in the 70’s and 80’s of the previous century, Lake Ińsko Duże was a mesotrophic lake. Then, an increase in the lake trophy was observed, resulting in signs of eutrophy. At the end of the 90’s and in the first decade of the 21st century, the study lake returned to the state of mesotrophy. No restoration works were undertaken in Lake Ińsko in the study period. The improvement in water quality, called oligotrophication, resulted most probably from the lake reaction to changes in the soil use in the catchment area, since fewer phosphorus and nitrogen compounds flow into the lake, and also from the regulation of the wastewater management in the town of Ińsko.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Kubiak
1
Sylwia Machula
1
ORCID: ORCID
Przemysław Czerniejewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Adam Brysiewicz
2
ORCID: ORCID
Wawrzyniec Wawrzyniak
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, Kazimierza Królewicza street 4, 71-550 Szczecin, Poland
  2. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland

Hot Tearing, Parameters, and Mould Types for Observation – Review

Akhyar
Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2022 | vol. 22 | No 2 | 25-49 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2022.140223
Keywords Hot tearing susceptibility Pouring temperature mould temperature Grain refiner
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Abstract

Hot tearing is a casting defect responsible for external and internal cracks on casting products. This irregular undesired formation is often observed during solidification and freezing. The solidification of molten metal also causes thermal contraction and shrinkage, indicating the occurrence of hot tearing when the alloy is restrained by the mould design. The parameters affecting this process include the pouring and mould temperatures, the chemical composition of the alloy, and the mould shape. Also, the factors affecting hot tearing susceptibility include pouring and mould temperatures, the grain refiner, as well as pouring speed. There are many methods of measuring the level of susceptibility to hot tearing, one of which is the thermal contraction evaluation during metal solidification, observed in cast products through several mould types. This paper discusses the hot tearing overview, the effect of pouring temperature, mould temperature, grain refiner, pouring speed on hot tearing, the type of mould, and criterion for hot tear observation.
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[106] Aguiar, A.M. (2020). Hot tearing susceptibility of single-phase Al-3.8 wt%Zn-1 wt%Mg alloy using the constrained rod solidification experiment: influence of 1.2 wt%Fe addition and grain refinement. Thesis, McMaster University. Hamilton, Ontario.

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Authors and Affiliations

Akhyar
1
  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Univeritas Syiah Kuala, Jl. Syech Aburrauf No.7, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia

Prevalence of neonatal calf diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli and investigation of virulence factors, serotypes, and antibiotic susceptibility

M.R. Coşkun M. Şahin
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 335–341 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145058
Keywords antimicrobial susceptibility calf diarrhea Escherichia coli serotype virulence factor
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Abstract

Neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) is one of the most important concerns in cattle production. Escherichia coli is the most important bacterial agent of NCD. Although vaccination and antibiotic treatment are common in NCD, the high antigenic diversity of E. coli and the increase in antibiotic resistance cause difficulties in the control. The study aimed to investigate the rate of E. coli in calf diarrhea, isolate an agent of the NCD E. coli strain, determine antimicrobial resistance, and find out about some surface antigens. Fecal samples (n=115) were analyzed to isolate pathogenic E. coli strains with nine mixed infections; sixty-one strains isolate from fifty diarrhoeic calves. Among the isolates from diseased animals, 22 K99+STa+F41, 3 K99+STa, 3 strains F41, 2 strains Stx1, one strain K99, one strain eae, and one strain Stx2+eae were detected. 27 strains of F17- associated fimbriae have been identified. 17 strains F17a, 6 strains F111, 3 strains F17c, one strain carrying the F17a and F17c gene regions, whereas subfamily typing of one strain could not be performed. Serotypes were determined by molecular and serological methods: 32/61 (52.5%) isolates were O101 and 2/61 (3.3%) isolates were O9 serotypes. But 27 strain serotypes could not be detected. The antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates were determined by the disc diffusion method. The resistance rates to antibiotics were trimethoprim- sulphamethoxazole 91.7%, ampicillin 86.7%, enrofloxacin 86.7%, gentamicin 45%, tobramycin 41.7%, cefotaxime 3.3%, and ceftazidime 1.7%. Due to increasing antibiotic resistance, prophylaxis is gaining importance. In further research, E. coli surface antigenic structures should be examined in detail, and it should form the basis for vaccine and hyperimmunization studies to be developed.
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Authors and Affiliations

M.R. Coşkun
1
M. Şahin
2
  1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
  2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, 720038, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Properties of stone mastic asphalt incorporating nano titanium as binder's modifier

Nur Syafiqah Shamimi Mohd Zali Khairil Azman Masri Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah Muzamir Hasan Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan Bartłomiej Jeż Marcin Nabiałek Marek Sroka Paweł Pietrusiewicz
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2022 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 653-666 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2022.140192
Keywords stone mastic asphalt nano titanium binder draindown moisture susceptibility
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Abstract

Stone mastic asphalt is a gap-graded mix and is usually related to its high bitumen content and its skeleton-like constitution. Although famous for its durability, high resistance to fatigue and rutting, issues such as bleeding and premature aging do occur in the mix since it has a high bitumen content and voids due to its gap-graded structure. In order to encounter these problems from affecting the mix, some instances such as adding additives, rejuvenators and stabilizers into the mixture has been implemented. Nowadays, nano materials are being used in the asphalt mixtures and nano titanium is being introduced as a modifier to the asphalt binder in order to improve the mechanical properties of the stone mastic asphalt mix. The related tests done in order to access the improvement are resilient modulus, dynamic creep, moisture susceptibility and binder drain down. The content of nano titanium used in this research are 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. This study is done to assess the mechanical performance of stone mastic asphalt with nano titanium modified binder.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nur Syafiqah Shamimi Mohd Zali
1
ORCID: ORCID
Khairil Azman Masri
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah
2
ORCID: ORCID
Muzamir Hasan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
3
ORCID: ORCID
Bartłomiej Jeż
4
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Nabiałek
4
ORCID: ORCID
Marek Sroka
5
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Pietrusiewicz
4
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
  2. Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
  3. School of Civil Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
  4. Department of Physics, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
  5. Division of Materials Processing Technology and Computer Techniques in Materials Science, Silesian 21 University of Technology, Poland

Hazards to Arable Soils and Forest Sites Caused by Imissions of Ferromagnetic Minerals

Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2004 | vol. 30 | No 4 | 101-110
Keywords ferrornagnetics industrial inunission dust fall magnetic susceptibility of soil heavy metals
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Authors and Affiliations

Zygmunt Strzyszcz

Changes in Magnetic Susceptibility of Forest Soils along the West and South Border of Poland

Zygmunt Strzyszcz Marzena Rachwał
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2008 | vol. 34 | No.1 | 71-79
Keywords magnetic susceptibility dust fall Heavy metal content forest soils boundary area
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to estimate the magnetic susceptibility of the boundary area ofwestern and southern Poland. The investigation was carried out in woodlands of chosen forest districts. Samples were collected selectively from the occurring genetic horizons ofpit soils. The low-field magnetic susceptibility was obtained in the laboratory using the MS2B Bartington apparatus. Heavy metal content (Fe, Zn, Pb and Cu) was analyzed using AAS method, after the mineralization in the 70% HClO4 + HNO3 solution. The magnetic susceptibility results arc very diverse and above 80% of them exceed 50· l0·-8 m3/kg, that is, a border value suggesting an occurrence ofa magnetic anomaly. Heavy metal content varies in a wide range and the highest values are observed in mountainous areas, where the impact of geological structure is visible. Obviously, the input of dust emissions is significant, what is confirmed by well and positive values of correlation coefficients between magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal content (especially lead) in the area of cluster III.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zygmunt Strzyszcz
Marzena Rachwał

Structural, magnetic and adsorption characteristics of magnetically susceptible carbon sorbents based on natural raw materials

Christina Soloviy Myroslav Malovanyy Ihor Bordun Fedir Ivashchyshyn Anatoliy Borysiuk Yuriy Kulyk
Journal of Water and Land Development | 2020 | No 47 | 160-168 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2020.135043
Keywords adsorption properties biocarbon iron (III) chloride magnetic hysteresis magnetically susceptible sorbent porous structure
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Abstract

The article comprises synthesis of magnetically susceptible carbon sorbents based on bio raw materials – beet pulp. The synthesis was performed by one- and two-step methodology using FeCl3 as an activating agent. X-ray diffraction methods showed an increase in the distance between graphene layers to 3.7 Å in biocarbon synthesized by a two-step tech-nique and a slight decrease in inter-graphene distance to 3.55 Å for biocarbon synthesized by an one-step technique. In both magnetically susceptible samples, the Fe3O4 magnetite phase was identified. Biocarbon synthesized by a two-step technique is characterized by a microporous structure in which a significant volume fraction (about 35%) is made by pores of 2.2 and 5 nm radius. In the sample after a one-step synthesis, a significant increase in the fraction of pores with radii from 5 to 30 nm and a decrease in the proportion of pores with radii greater than 30 nm can be detected. Based on the analysis of low-angle X-ray scattering data, it is established that carbon without magnetic activation has the smallest specific area of 212 m2∙сm–3, carbon after one-stage synthesis has a slightly larger area of 280 m2∙сm–3, and after two-stage synthesis has the largest specific surface area in 480 m2∙сm–3. The adsorption isotherms of blue methylene have been studied. Biocarbon ob-tained by two-step synthesis has been shown to have significantly better adsorption properties than other synthesized bio-carbons. Isotherms have been analysed based on the Langmuir model.

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Authors and Affiliations

Christina Soloviy
ORCID: ORCID
Myroslav Malovanyy
ORCID: ORCID
Ihor Bordun
ORCID: ORCID
Fedir Ivashchyshyn
ORCID: ORCID
Anatoliy Borysiuk
Yuriy Kulyk

Prevalence, molecular characterization and antibiogram of Mycoplasma bovis isolated from milk in Pakistan

A. Jabbar M. Ashraf S.U. Rahman M.S. Sajid
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 461–471 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145054
Keywords milk Mycoplasma bovis modified hayflick medium PCR DNA sequencing disc diffusion antibiotic susceptibility
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Abstract

Mycoplasma bovis is a highly contagious pathogen that causes clinical or subclinical mastitis. The present study was aimed for the isolation, molecular characterization and antibiogram determination of M. bovis from raw milk samples. Milk samples were collected randomly from lactating cows and buffaloes from different tehsils of district Faisalabad, Pakistan. Samples were inoculated on modified Hayflick medium and biochemical tests were performed for further confirmation of isolated M. bovis. Out of total 400 milk samples, 184 (46%) samples were found positive for culture method. The 16S-rRNA gene polymerase chain reaction was performed for molecular characterization of isolated M. bovis strains. Out of total 400 milk samples, 240 (60%) positive for M. bovis through PCR method were examined. The 16S-rRNA gene PCR positive isolated M. bovis strains were sequenced and results were compared using Maximum-likelihood method and sequenced strains of M. bovis were aligned and analyzed by Clustal W software. Antibiogram of isolated M. bovis strains was analyzed by disc diffusion assay against eight commonly used antibiotics. Tylosin (30μg) and Tilmicosin (15ug) showed inhibition zones of 32.34 ± 1.10 mm and 17.12 ± 0.93 mm respectively against isolated M. bovis which were found sensitive. Isolated M. bovis was found resistant to other commonly used antibiotics. Statistical analysis revealed that p-value was < 0.05 and the odds ratio was >1.0 at 95% CI. This study complemented the lack of epidemiological knowledge of molecular characterization, comparative effectiveness and resistance trends of isolated M. bovis strains against commonly used antibiotics.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Jabbar
1
M. Ashraf
1
S.U. Rahman
1
M.S. Sajid
2
  1. Institute of Microbiology, University of Agriculture, Jail Road, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan
  2. Department of parasitology, University of Agriculture, Jail Road, Faisalabad, Punjab 38000, Pakistan

Characterization of class 1, 2, 3 integrons, ESBL genes and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella serotypes from broiler and cattles in Turkey

O. Sahan Yapicier D. Ozturk
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 2 | 345-355 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.141820
Keywords antibiotic susceptibility broiler cattle integrons β-lactamase MARI Salmonella tet genes
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Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella has been associated with the presence of integrons and many other resistance mechanisms contributing to the spread of antimicrobial-resistant genes within and between livestock and human populations. In this study, the presence of Salmonella serovars from broiler and cattle samples and their antimicrobial resistance, integrons, tet resistance, ESBL and resistance genes carriage were investigated. Total of 209 litter (broiler farms) and fecal samples (cattle farms) were examined by bacteriological procedures, susceptibilities against 18 antimicrobials and genes carriages were detected by singleplex and multiplex PCR. A total of 46/209 (22 %) Salmonella strains were isolated. Six different Salmonella serotypes from 46 Salmonella isolates were identified and the most common serotype was S. Infantis 38 (82.6%) from broiler litter; followed by S. Kitenge 3 (6.5 %) from fecal sample. The highest occurrence of resistance observed for penicilline (46/46, %100), lincomycin (43/46, 93.5%) and 42 isolates (43/46, 93.5%) exhibited MDR. The overall occurrence of class 1, 2 and 3 integrons carrying Salmonella in tested samples were 63.04% (29/46), 43.5% (20/46) and 84.8% (39/46) respectively. Out of the 27 isolates produced an ESBL, mostly CTX and TEM. On 46 Salmonella isolates, in 16 (34.8%) Tcr’ genes were determined. Genotypic and phenotipic detection of ESBL genes found within integrons from Salmonella isolates from different sources (broiler and cattle) can provide powerful information about health and economic risk associated with transferable multidrug resistance.
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Authors and Affiliations

O. Sahan Yapicier
1
D. Ozturk
2
  1. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Bacteriological Diagnostic Laboratory, 06020, Ankara, Turkey
  2. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, 15030, Burdur, Turkey

Conventional or integrated protection of winter wheat against fungal diseases and pests

Cecylia Jańczak Pankracy Bubniewicz Stefan Pruszyński
Journal of Plant Protection Research | 2004 | vol. 44 | No 3 | 199-219
Keywords winter wheat cultivars susceptibility nitrogen fertilization beneficial insects noxious insects insecticides fungal diseases fungicides effectiveness of control
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Abstract

Research performed in the years 1999–2002 was carried out in Great Poland region on varieties of winter wheat Elena and Tercja. Experiments included three programmes of wheat cultivation: 1 – Conventional winter wheat protection based on recommendations for commercial fields; 2 – Integrated pest management programme where the control of diseases and insect pests was carried out on the background of thresholds of harmfulness/noxiousness, and weather forecasts; 3 – Untreated, without protection against diseases and pests. Two levels of nitrogen fertilization were applied in the experiments (120 kg N/ha and 170 kg N/ha) and the newest plant protection products were used for controlling fungal pathogens and noxious insects. The occurrence of diseases and insect pests, as well as beneficial entomofauna was determined in relation to each experimental variant, and occurring changes were analysed. Effectiveness of disease and pest control were calculated. Grain yield and its quality were determined and economical profitability for both conventional and integrated programmes calculated. It was shown that a high profitability can be obtained through the application of integrated pest management, as a result of correct choice and application of plant protection products, as well as proper choice of wheat cultivars and appropriate nitrogen fertilization.

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Authors and Affiliations

Cecylia Jańczak
Pankracy Bubniewicz
Stefan Pruszyński

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