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Abstract

Artykuł przedstawia zmiany w polskim prawie dotyczącym odnawialnych źródeł energii w 2016 roku w stosunku do dużych instalacji komercyjnych oraz wpływ tych zmian na opłacalność inwestowania w technologie energetyki odnawialnej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem energii słonecznej. Porównano dwa systemy wsparcia: oparty na zielonych certyfikatach oraz system aukcyjny. Omówiono w szczególności mechanizm ustalania ceny w systemie aukcyjnym i jego wpływ na opłacalność inwestowania w technologie fotowoltaiczne. Zaprezentowano dyskusję wyników w świetle rozwiązań praktykowanych w innych państwach. Wnioski dotyczą wpływu planowanych zmian na rozwój sektora odnawialnej energii w Polsce.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mariusz Trela
Anna Dubel
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Abstract

Using renewable energy sources for electricity production is based on the processing of primary energy occurring in the form of sun, wind etc., into electrical energy. Economic viability using those sources in small power plants strongly depends on the support system, based mainly on financial instruments. Micro-installations, by using special instruments dedicated to the prosumer market may become more and more interesting not only in terms of environmental energy, but also financial independence. In the paper, the term hybrid power plant is understood to mean a production unit generating electricity or electricity and heat in the process of energy production, in which two or more renewable energy sources or energy sources other than renewable sources are used. The combination of the two energy sources is to their mutual complementarity, to ensure the continuity of the electricity supply. The ideal situation would be if both sources of energy included in the hybrid power plant continuously covered the total demand for energy consumers. Unfortunately, due to the short-term and long-term variability of weather conditions, such a balance is unattainable. The paper assesses the possibility of balancing the hybrid power plant in daily and monthly periods. Basic types of power plants and hybrid components and system support micro-installations were characterized. The support system is based particularly on a system of feed-in tariffs and the possibility of obtaining a preferential loan with a subsidy (redemption of part of the loan size). Then, an analysis of energy and economic efficiency for a standard set of hybrid micro-installations consisting of a wind turbine and photovoltaic panels with a total power of 5 kW, were presented. Fourteen variants of financing, economic efficiency compared with the use of the method of the simple payback period were assumed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Bartosz Soliński

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