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Number of results: 10
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Abstract

Celem artykułu jest analiza wpływu surowców kopalnych na produkcję energii elektrycznej UE do 2050 r. Autor stawia hipotezę, że surowce energetyczne pozostają istotną składową struktury bilansu elektroenergetycznego w UE w 2015 r. Z tego względu postawione zostały następujące pytania badawcze. Jakie jest współczesne znaczenie surowców energetycznych do produkcji energii elektrycznej i jak będzie się zmieniało do 2050 r.? Jak odnawialne źródła energii będą wpływały na zmianę modelu produkcji energii elektrycznej? Jakie znaczenie dla określenia roli surowców energetycznej ma istniejąca infrastruktura energetyczna? Przyszłość sektora energii bazuje na elektryczności, której zapotrzebowanie zostanie podwojone w nadchodzących dwóch dekadach. Rozwój samochodów elektrycznych będzie miał istotny wpływ na ten proces. Pomimo transformacji energetycznej, znaczenie paliw kopalnych pozostaje wysokie. Wpływa na to istniejąca infrastruktura energetyczna. Spośród różnych źródeł energii energetyka odnawialna będzie rozwijać się w sposób ciągły. Zmiany są nieuniknione, lecz dyskusyjne pozostaje tempo oraz różnorodność transformacji energetycznej w państwach unijnych.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mariusz Ruszel
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Abstract

Ludzkość jest zmuszona do zmiany sposobu, w jaki korzysta ze źródeł energii. Powinna przestać wydobywać paliwa kopalne i skupić się na OZE, zwłaszcza słońcu. Taka transformacja może okazać się długo poszukiwanym Świętym Graalem energetyki.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kiciński
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Abstract

Nowadays, one of the biggest challenges faced by EU countries is the pursuit of zero-emission economies. Certainly, it is crucial to determine the role of fossil fuels in the energy transformation. In light of the European Green Deal, EU countries should cease the consumption of hydrocarbons, i.e. coal, crude oil and natural gas, by 2050. Nevertheless, there are significant differences regarding the possibility of decarbonizing the energy sectors of the different EU Member States. For many years, Romania has been successively implementing an energy transformation, the main goal of which is the significant reduction of fossil fuels in the energy mix. Just a few years ago, one of the most important energy resources was coal, which is to be eliminated within the next decade. However, a much greater challenge is the reduction and subsequent abandonment of natural gas and crude oil. The key task facing Romania is to ensure energy security, which is why decarbonization will be strongly coupled with the country’s economic and political capabilities. The exclusion of fossil fuels in power engineering means that there is a need to develop alternative generation capacities, in particular in nuclear, wind and solar energy. This article presents the current condition of the energy sector in Romania, with a particular emphasis on the role of fossil fuels in its transformation. An analysis of documents and field research shows that there will be a dynamic decarbonization in the coming years, which will result in a significant reduction in the consumption of fossil fuels. The priority of Romania’s energy policy is to achieve a zero-emission economy, but ensuring stability and security in the energy sector will be of key importance in this process.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wiktor Hebda
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

This article presents the results of a study of the determinants of energy transformation of coal-dependent regions. The case study was on the region of Silesia. This region is the main producer of hard coal and coking coal in Poland, with nineteen mines and numerous coal-fired power plants. Silesia is highly industrialized and urbanized, contributing significantly to Poland’s GDP. However, it is also a leader in terms of methane and carbon dioxide emissions. The study used an approach based on Alvin L. Bertrand’s ‘stress-strain’ theory, to investigate the socio-cultural stresses emerging as a result of the interaction of external factors and internal process dynamics within the region itself. Then, using Marc Wolfram’s systems-based analytical framework approach, the current transformative capacity of Silesia was analyzed. The theoretical framework adopted assumes that socio-cultural stress can be inferred from past situations of tension, influencing the social structure of the region and shaping accepted patterns of adaptation to change. Socio-cultural stress emerges as a key determinant of a region’s coping strategy and shapes its ability to transform in the long term. The research approach presented in this article adopts a comprehensive framework that integrates socio-cultural, socio-ecological and technological dimensions, providing a holistic view of a region’s transformation challenges and opportunities. The research was conducted using focus group interviews and a structured interview questionnaire. Participants in the research were individuals representing a diverse community of experts and activists involved in the energy transition process in Silesia, including local government officials, businesses, professional associations and social activists.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Kowalik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wit Hubert
2
ORCID: ORCID
Monika Pepłowska
2
ORCID: ORCID
Dominik Kryzia
2
ORCID: ORCID
Lidia Gawlik
2
ORCID: ORCID
Aleksandra Komorowska
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Krakow, Kraków, Poland
  2. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute PAS, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

Transformacja w sektorze wytwarzania energii elektrycznej jest warunkiem koniecznym, lecz niewystarczającym do zapobieżenia katastrofie klimatycznej.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kozłowski
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Abstract

Sprawiedliwa transformacja powinna leżeć na sercu nie tylko regionom górniczym, dla których jest szansą na skok technologiczny. To także możliwość dla całej Polski na znaczną poprawę jakości życia i osiągnięcie neutralności klimatycznej.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Drobniak
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Abstract

Primary energy consumption depends on the size of the economy and its structure, including both industrial and service sectors, characterized by different energy demands. Some of the basic energy and economic indicators that can be used to analyze primary energy consumption include energy intensity, energy productivity and indicators measuring the activity of the economy (gross domestic product or gross value added). In the years 1995–2021, the Polish economy developed at a relatively constant pace, and the value of gross domestic product increased in real terms by almost 290% over the entire analyzed period. However, despite this increase, total primary energy consumption remained at the relatively constant level of around 3,800–4,600 PJ/year. This was caused by, among other factors, an increase in energy productivity on the one hand and a reduction in energy intensity on the other. It should be emphasized that a descriptive analysis of changes in primary energy consumption in Poland in the analyzed period, including changes in selected energy and economic indicators, does not allow the identification and quantification of the impact of all key factors on the total change of the examined value over time. In this context, the main aim of the research presented in this paper is to propose a decomposition model of primary energy consumption in Poland and adapt it to conduct analyses covering the period of economic and energy transition to quantitatively determine the impact of the identified factors on the total change in primary energy consumption in the 1995–2021 period. To perform the described research, decomposition analysis was applied, including a multiplicative and additive approach. A decomposition model was developed based on the formulated decomposition identity. Mathematical formulas of two methods were used to perform the calculations: a generalized Fisher index and the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI). The obtained results indicate that the effects of demand and energy intensity factors had the most significant impact on the primary energy consumption change.
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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Kaszyński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
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Abstract

In this article we pay attention to some theoretical backgrounds for the redesign of nineteenth-century public parks in Central and Eastern Europe. The research is part of a larger project ‘The design history of nineteenth-century public parks in Central and Eastern Europe; contemporary use and future development’ (HYPPE), initiated by the Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Urbanism in Budapest, in which nine schools of landscape architecture in nine different countries in Central and Eastern Europe participate and collaborate.

We will focus here on some theoretical backgrounds, that form the foundation for a research and design approach, in which the diversity and similarity of the sites, contexts and design problems can be assured. Product (plan and realisation) and process (design) play a role in the parks as object of planning and design; on the one hand we distinguish between land, landscape and landscape architecture, on the other one — at the same time the difference in approaches between science and design play a role in the relation between research and design.

In the second part backgrounds and principles, that underpin the relation between conservation and development in historical settings of parks are dealt with. Different design approaches — from restoration to complete reconstruction are highlighted. Applying these principles to nineteenth-century public parks in Central and Eastern Europe shows, where generic backgrounds and specifics of site, history and culture meet.

In the third part the new challenges for landscape architecture, that society requires from contemporary planning and design is elaborated. Energy transition, water management and the creation of healthy environments for people are as such not new for landscape architecture, but in this stage new steps have to be taken, that reach beyond, what is already practised. Here the explorative and experimental character of the design approach comes to the surface because for these aspects there are no precedents yet, they have to be developed by practice, research on evidence and imagining solutions, that are beyond the usual practice of energy transition, water management and the creation of healthy environments for people. For landscape architecture a synthetical and coherent design concept forms the core of the contribution; the search for a meaningful new order.

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Authors and Affiliations

Albert Fekete
ORCID: ORCID
Martin Van Den Toorn
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Abstract

Na temat miksu energetycznego różne grupy społeczne mają odmienne zdania. Zmienia się on w czasie, w tempie, którego większość konsumentów energii nie docenia. Zmienia się nawet w Polsce, z pewnością niebędącej liderem transformacji energetycznej.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Kozłowski
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Abstract

Wobec konieczności przekształcenia energetyki polskiej z węglowej na niskoemisyjną warto się zastanowić, jaką drogą mamy iść: czy budować elektrownie wiatrowe i słoneczne, czy też elektrownie jądrowe?
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Strupczewski

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