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Non-prismatic channels for reducing shear stress

Samir Haddad

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 52 | 87-94 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2022.140377

Keywords detachment non-prismatic channel shear stress soil erosion transport capacity

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Abstract

To reduce the sediment transport capacity, shear stress needs to be reduced as well. The article describes work that has been done to find a way to make these reductions possible. The theoretical study and the approach proposed allowed us to obtain a general equation that determines conditions and calculates the most important parameters which support the reduction of shear stress. This describes the mechanism that erodes soils by free surface water flow.
In a similar vein, we have shown that adding a short non-prismatic channel to the entrance of a prismatic channel, which has the same geometric shape, is a very powerful way to reduce shear stress. With the idea of reducing shear stress, we have shown that the water-surface profile type plays a key role and must therefore be included in future reflections on reducing the importance of shear stress.
Additionally, the notion of efficiency was introduced that allows to evaluate the expected gain after the reduction of shear stress and adding a short non-prismatic channel.
The laws of similarity applied to free surface flows allowed us to obtain an equation with several equivalence scales and compare different geometric shapes in terms of their efficiency in the reduction of shear stress.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Samir Haddad

1 2

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Houari Boumediène University of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering. LEGHYD Laboratory, BP 32 Bab Ezzouar, 16111 Algiers, Algeria
Akli Mohand Oulhadj University of Bouira, Rue Frères Boussendalah, 10000 Bouira, Algeria

Calculation of effective hydraulic parameters of concrete irrigation canals

Alisher Fatxulloyev Qudratjon Rakhimov Davronjon Allayorov Luqmon Samiev Makhsud Otakhonov

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2023 | No 56 | 14-20 | DOI: 10.24425/jwld.2023.143739

Keywords canal bottom relative width concrete canal irrigation canal sediment transport capacity sedimentation tank the best hydraulic section trapezoidal shape

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Abstract

When taking water from pre-mountain rivers, for transferring of large amounts of river sediments, rich in mineral fertilizers, along with water to crop fields through irrigation networks requires high sediment transport capacity and deformation resistance from irrigation networks. The projecting and construction of irrigation canals with these features in the foothills requires concreting the canal. The high content of river sediments in the Sokh River (5 kg∙m ^–3) and the low efficiency of the Right Bank Irrigation Reservoir (10–15%) require high hydraulic efficiency of water intake canals from this system. The main challenge is to reduce costs in concreted canals and ultimately ensure technical superiority. In the research were used generally accepted research methods in hydraulics, in particular field research and consequently, mathematical analysis. Kokandsay, Kartan and Bachkir irrigation canals were accepted as the object of research, the canals were designed on the basis of the best hydraulic section, the canal side slope was taken as a variable parameter and the technical and economic efficiency was checked using computer software. As a result, it was found that the consumption of concrete raw material for 1 running meter can save 0.2–0.3 m ³, depending on the adoption of the canal side slope, the acceptance of the slope of the canal wall at values 1–1.5 will increase up to sedimentation 10%.

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Alisher Fatxulloyev

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Qudratjon Rakhimov

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Davronjon Allayorov

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Luqmon Samiev

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Makhsud Otakhonov

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“Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers” National Research University, Faculty of Hydromelioration, st. Kori Niyazov 39, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

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Non-prismatic channels for reducing shear stress

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Calculation of effective hydraulic parameters of concrete irrigation canals

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