Na obszarach zamieszkałych silne trzęsienia ziemi są jedną z największych katastrof naturalnych, jednak pomniejszych wstrząsów nawet nie zauważamy, wiemy o ich występowaniu tylko dzięki aparaturze pomiarowej.

The article presents a disastrous in the consequences earthquake between Sicily and Calabria described by different travelers of Grand Tour after 1783 and analyses the style and method of commenting these historical, tragic events. Several Polish intellectuals and politicians, disappointed in t he situation in the country had chosen the Southern Italy (Sicily, Calabria) and Malta as Destination of their travel. Who arrived there after the terrible earthquake and observed in Messina and/or Reggio Calabria the ruins of these important towns leaved very emotional description in their travel reports. The purpose of the article is to compare different human reactions as well as different ways of describing, from many points of view, the situations they found and observed.

Considering concrete nonlinearity, the wave height limit between small and large amplitude sloshing is defined based on the Bernoulli equation. Based on Navier-Stokes equations, the mathematical model of large amplitude sloshing is established for a Concrete Rectangle Liquid-Storage Structure (CRLSS). The results show that the seismic response of a CRLSS increases with the increase of seismic intensity. Under different seismic fortification intensities, the change in trend of wave height, wallboard displacement, and stress are the same, but the amplitudes are not. The areas of stress concentration appear mainly at the connections between the wallboards, and the connections between the wallboard and the bottom.