Abstract
The paper presents a phenomenon of directional change in the case of a LQR controller applied to multivariable plants with amplitude and rate constraints imposed on
the control vector, as well as the impact of the latter on control performance, with the indirect observation of the windup phenomenon effect via frequency of consecutive resat-
urations. The interplay of directional change of the computed control vector with control performance has been thoroughly investigated, and it is a result of the presence of con-
straints imposed on the applied control vector for different ratios of the number of control inputs to plant outputs. The impact of the directional change phenomenon on the control
performance (and also on the windup phenomenon) has been defined, stating that performance deterioration is not tightly coupled with preservation of direction of the computed
control vector. This conjecture has been supported by numerous simulation results for different types of plants with different LQR controller parameters.
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