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Abstract

Micro-(h)istorical narratives by Claude Duneton and Jean Echenoz – The purpose of this article is a comparative study of two recent French novels, Le Monument. Roman vrai by Claude Duneton (2004) and 1914 by Jean Echenoz (2012), which, in spite of formal and ideological differences, approach the theme of the Great War in a way similar to micro-historical frameworks. Like historians representing this field of historiography, both writers depict the four years of the First World War by focusing on a small community and a geographical space limited to a small location on the home-front. Referring to the distinction between roman de l’historien (the historian’s novel) and roman du témoin (the witness’s novel) proposed by Emmanuel Bouju, the author of the article analyses the strategies used by the novelists to create an indirect witness’s point-of-view, juxtaposed with the perspective of the contemporary recipient of the events that happened a hundred years ago.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Sadkowski
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Abstract

The misinformation effect is influenced by many mnestic and non-mnestic factors. This article concerns the role of two of them: 1) state anxiety, defined as a situational experience of anxiety; 2) memory distrust, understood as a constant tendency to negatively evaluate one's memory. Both factors are relevant in the situation of being a witness and are believed to have a negative effect on the magnitude of the misinformation effect. In the present research, participants’ state anxiety had an immunizing effect against misinformation. As for memory distrust, no relationship was found between negative evaluation of memory and susceptibility to misinformation. The results confirm the beneficial effect of anxiety on resisting misinformation and demonstrate a greater need for further explorations concerning memory distrust.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marta Kuczek
1
Malwina Szpitalak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Romuald Polczyk
1

  1. Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Poland
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Abstract

The author analyses problems of disease, dying, and death addressed in a play by Margaret Edson entitled Wit. Special attention is paid to the structure of meta-theatre and the function of wit in the play. The author investigates limitations of reason in the approach adopted by the doctors who take care of Vivian Bearing, and who subject her to an excruciating experiment in order to achieve a potential research success. She also discusses the protagonist’s attitude to literary works, dealing with her own disease, to other people and to God. This offers an opportunity to ruminate on the exact meaning of irretrievable loss involved in suffering. She also concentrates on the attitude of the nurse who – thanks to her emotional intelligence and empathy – accompanies Vivian on her way to death.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Głąb
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

In this interview, conducted during the XXIII International Congress of Historical Sciences in Poznan, Verónica Tozzi Thompson (professor of Philosophy of History at the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina) discusses historiography in Argentina and recent trends in historical theory, in particular the epistemology of the witness. She addresses important issues concerning key concepts for the philosophy and sociology of history: truth and trust. In addition, Tozzi Thompson discusses the differences and connections between analytic and narrativist philoso-phy of history and recommends some further readings.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Kowalewski Jahromi
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach
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Abstract

Malignancies of the hematopoietic system frequently are associated with severe cytopenias requiring transfusions of blood components. Refusal of blood components by Jehovah’s Witnesses (JW) produces challenges to treatment. In this report we describe the outcome of hematological malignancies of JW patients treated without transfusions. Altogether, eight JW, diagnosed 1994–2015, 6 (75%) females, the median age at diagnosis 40 years (range, 20–78), were included into the analysis. The diagnoses were: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (2, 25%), acute myeloid leukemia (2, 25%), non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas (4, 50%). One patient died without treatment while the remaining 7 patients received treatment, including imatinib in 1 patient with BCR-ABL1+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Five (62.5%) patients received erythropoiesis stimulating agents. Median hemoglobin concentration at diagnosis was 8.7 g/dL (range, 6.3–13.1), and it decreased to 3.2 g/dL (range, 2.6–9.3) during first-line treatment. Median platelet count at diagnosis was 52 × 109/L (range, 15–392). All patients became thrombocytopenic upon treatment reaching median platelet count 8 × 109/L (range, 2–85). Five patients developed respiratory failure. Anemia contributed substantially to the death of 3 out of 6 patients (50%). One patient (17%) developed central nervous system bleeding in the course of thrombocytopenia. Objective response rate was 43%, with 29% complete remissions after first-line treatment. Despite the median overall survival of 15.3 months (95% CI, 0.2–52.2), all but one acute leukemia patients succumbed shortly after the diagnosis. To conclude, the outcome of JW treated because of hematological malignancies without blood transfusions is very dismal, nevertheless, selected patients can obtain complete remissions. Anemia contributes significantly to the death of JW.
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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Ewa Drozd-Sokołowska
1
Anna Waszczuk-Gajda
1
Jadwiga Dwilewicz-Trojaczek
1
Alicja Walesiak
1
Monika Krzyżanowska
1
Monika Paluszewska
1
Jolanta Wieczorek
1
Wiesław Wiktor-Jędrzejczak
1

  1. Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

This article deals with the problem of representation of the nuclear holocaust in literary theory (in the context of deconstruction theory) and in some literary works (usually dubbed Apocalyptic and Post-Apocalyptic fiction), i.e. John Hersey's Hiroshima, Hara Tamiki's Summer Flowers, Ibuse Masuji's The Crazy Iris, and Stanisław Lem's novel His Master's Voice and his short story Man from Hiroshima. The problem of representing a calamitous event is discussed here in connection with recent debates on the nature and status of testimony (especially Dori Laub's witness and testimony studies).
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Authors and Affiliations

Rafał Jakub Skowroński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Filologii Polskiej Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk
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Abstract

This article deals with the expansion of the culture of quixotry in Polish fiction of the 2010s. Although Tomasz Wiśniewski, Natalka Suszczyńska, Dorota Kotas and Wit Szostak, notable representatives of this new trend, on the whole make no reference to Don Quixote, their novels do display certain characteristic features of the quixotic discourse, i.e. the story is centred on a character with an unconventional perception of reality and the primacy of imagination in relations between the individual and society. The imagination that drives these novels moves both upwards, opening to the characters a prospect of vertical ‘Gothic’ ascent, and sideways, helping the characters to explore various ways of life and to adapt in the horizontal real world (cf. Dawid Kujawa, ‘Dzieci skitrane na tyłach katedry’ [Children hidden at the back of the cathedral], “Stoner Polski”, 2022). In the texts of younger writers the vertical vector is often associated with the desire to transcend the condition of depressive precarity and the logic of the capitalist system).
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Koza
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Polonistyki UJ

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