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Number of results: 115
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Abstract

This paper identifies the adverse events occurring during the execution of water supply and sewerage systems construction. The basis for this paper is research conducted in 2010-2014 on the construction sites of water supply and sewerage systems located in the provinces of Lower Silesia and Opole. The research consisted of direct observations of construction sites and review of construction documentation. It showed that work stoppages on the examined construction sites were frequent. They were caused by violations of work discipline by the production employees, adverse weather conditions, and defects in the project documentation. The study demonstrated that in almost every case, these bad an adverse effect on the completion date and budget of the investment. The analyses show that in such important and expensive investments as water supply and sewerage systems, organizational structures in which a special role is assigned to middle-rank personnel should be adopted.

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Authors and Affiliations

I. Rybka
E. Bondar-Nowakowska
M. Połoński
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Abstract

In recent years, the construct of work engagement as well as methods for its measurement have generated growing interest in the field of occupational psychology. In this study, we aim to contribute to the current work engagement literature by investigating the possible advantages of single-item measures of work engagement by analysing their psychometric feasibility. Testing the validity of a single-item measure tool within the framework of the Job Demands-Resources theory, we have found similar pattern of correlations of single-item measures of work engagement with exhaustion, disengagement, job resources and job demands as for the well-established multi-item measure the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The reliability of single-item measures tested with factor analysis and the attenuation formula was estimated to be in the range of between .60 and .70, the figure depending on the particulars of the estimation methods. Our findings provide an initial modicum of evidence that, if a research purpose requires it, or if the use of a multi-item measurement tool is overly restrictive or costly, then a single-item measure of work engagement could be effectively adopted.

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Authors and Affiliations

Konrad Kulikowski
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Abstract

The contributions of work-hardening of austenite and the presence of martensite on the hardening of an AISI 304L stainless steel were evaluated based on plastic deformation under different reductions in thickness at two rolling temperatures. The cold deformation temperatures of 300 K and 373 K were chosen to induce strain-hardening plus strain-induced martensitic transformation in the former and strain-hardening in the latter. This made it possible to elucidate the real effects of strengthening mechanisms of metastable austenitic stainless steels during mechanical working.

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Authors and Affiliations

T. Mirzaie
H. Mirzadeh
M. Naghizadeh
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Abstract

The boundary between work and family life is now almost invisible, making the search for a balance between both spheres a dilemma and challenge. These concerns have led to a growing increase in studies on work-family and family-work conflict, their predictors, and their effects. This study aims to: 1) observe the predictive effect of work-family conflict (WFC) and family-work conflict (FWC) on work-family guilt (WFG) and family-work guilt (FWG), respectively; and 2) to observe the effect of WFC, FWC, WFG and FWG on satisfaction with life and job satisfaction. In a sample of 213 participants aged between 22 and 64 years (M = 41.77; SD = 6.63), the results show that, in contrast with expectations, WFG and FWG did not prove to be predictors; only WFC and FWC had a negative effect on both guilt and satisfaction with life and job satisfaction. The family work interface is a topic that is extremely important, not only for organizations but also for society. Therefore, the study of its implications on variables is considered essential for the promotion of positive functioning of individuals.
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Authors and Affiliations

Cátia Sousa
1
Ezequiel Pinto
1
Joana Santos
1
Gabriela Gonçalves
1

  1. Universidade do Algarve CIP-Centre for Research in Psychology (CIP/UAL) & University of Algarve, Portugal
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Abstract

We talk to Prof. Jan Marcin Węsławski from the PAS Institute of Oceanology in Sopot about how scientists work with members of the public and the benefits it brings.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Marcin Węsławski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

This study included investigation of efficiency of the threshold used to classify symptoms as present, investigation of efficiency of the cut-off point used to identify potentially addicted to work individuals, investigation of magnitude of the problem of class overlap, and investigation of effects of dichotomization of polytomous items on the estimates of the latent trait level. The sample comprised 16,426 working Norwegians (Mage = 37.31; SD = 11.36) who filled out the Bergen Work Addiction Scale (BWAS). The results showed that the difficulty/third threshold parameters corresponding to the threshold used to classify symptoms as present were lower than 1.5 for the items corresponding to tolerance and conflict and higher than or equal to 1.5 for the items corresponding to salience, mood modification, relapse, withdrawal, and problems. The cut-off point used to identify individuals as potentially addicted to work identified 411 individuals (31.9% of all individuals classified by the polythetic approach as potentially addicted to work) whose estimates of the latent trait level were lower than 1.5 as potentially addicted to work. The problem of class overlap (being classified by the polythetic approach into different class despite almost the same level of the latent trait) affected 4,686 individuals (28.5% of the whole sample). The dichotomization of polytomous items had a substantial effect on the estimates of the latent trait level. The findings show that the polythetic approach is not efficient in identifying potentially addicted to work individuals and that the prevalence rates of work addiction based on the polythetic approach are not trustworthy.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Bereznowski
Roman Konarski
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Abstract

Values define the directions of human activities and are related to people’s motivation to undertake specific activities and roles (Schwartz, 1994; Brown, 2002). Researchers and employers observe differences in motivation to work among representatives of different generations and genders (Twenge, Campbell, & Freeman, 2012; Gursoy & Karadag, 2013). In this research project, the authors asked what motivated contemporary employees, whether the intensity of their motives was different in different generations, what relationships there were between the dominant work motives and employees’ dominant values, and whether there were differences between women and men regarding work motives. To verify the hypotheses, they conducted a study with a sample of 307 professionally active people. They used their own Types of Work Motives Questionnaire designed for the purposes of the study and the Valued Living Questionnaire (VLQ; Wilson & Murrell, 2004). The obtained results indicate that younger employees choose the kind of work that gives them comfort and adequate pay. Regardless of age, however, social security support is the most important for all groups of respondents. For women, security and social security support are important at work. Moreover, the study has shown that there is a relationship between work values and work motives. For example people who appreciate values such as friendship and stability are motivated to work by good relationships and security, those who value recreation and stability are motivated by comfort and salary, those for whom respect and education are crucial are motivated by the possibility of development etc.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dorota Godlewska-Werner
Aleksandra Peplińska
Anna Maria Zawadzka
Piotr Połomski
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Abstract

The construction site and its elements create circumstances that are conducive to the formation of risks to work safety during the execution of works. Analysis indicates the critical importance of these factors in the set of characteristics that describe the causes of accidents in the construction industry. This paper attempts to analyse the characteristics of the construction site to indicate their importance in defining the circumstances of an accident at work. The research was carried out on the basis of data from the register kept by the District Labour Inspectorate in Krakow, Poland. Main substantive tasks include isolating patterns of accidents on site and identifying those of the analysed characteristics that are important in defining these patterns. In terms of methodology, the paper presents a method of analysing data resources by using means of conceptual grouping in the form of cluster analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

W. Drozd
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Abstract

The article analyzes factors that may have an impact on Occupational Safety in a construction company and the issues of work safety in construction were discussed. An attempt was made to analyze the management of work safety in construction companies in order to identify important factors and determine the significance of their participation in the occurrence of accidents at work. The research was carried out on the basis of data obtained from the register kept at the District Labor Inspectorate in Krakow. Cases which were discussed included accident protocols prepared pursuant to the law, as well as cases found in protocols of ad hoc inspections carried out on construction sites. There were quantitative and qualitative features in the analyzed data set. Logistic regression was used to analyze the data to build the model. Such action made it possible to model and determine the significance of the influence of individual variables characterizing the way of managing work safety in construction companies, in the case of an accident. The results obtained, and in particular the significance of factors shown in the model, even not directly related to the construction site, may be an indication for creating a functional strategy in the enterprise. The strategy assuming: smaller number of accidents or adverse events, shorter downtime will build a reputation of an institution that cares for the employee. This will allow the construction company to become more competitive and shall attract the best professionals available on the labor market. The end result is the identification of key factors that have a direct impact on work safety and the competitiveness of a construction company.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Kowalik
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wojciech Drozd
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Division of Management in Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

We examined the role of work-related emotions and personal resources operationalised as psychological capital (PsyCap) in the relationship between events occurring at work and employees’ work engagement. Using affective events theory and broaden-and-build theory as theoretical frameworks, we theorise that the perceived frequency of positive and negative events at work and work engagement is mediated by positive and negative work-related emotions and moderated by PsyCap. The results of path analysis on a sample of US and Polish employees showed that PsyCap moderated the relationship between the perceived frequency of negative work events and negative work-related emotions, however, we also found culture-specific effects of PsyCap. Our study contributes to the human resource development (HRD) literature by providing evidence of the role of personal resources in the event–emotion–engagement process in the workplace. Also, our findings deepen the understanding of HR developers in multinational organisations and provide suggestions on how they can implement PsyCap trainings based on culture-specific work environment.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Penza
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agata Gasiorowska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. SWPS University, Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract

The paper concerns the two-machine non-preemptive flow shop scheduling problem with a total late work criterion

and a common due date (F2|dj = d|Y ). The late work performance measure estimates the quality of a solution with regard

to the duration of late parts of activities performed in the system, not taking into account the quantity of this delay. In the

paper, a few theorems are formulated and proven, describing features of an optimal solution for the problem mentioned, which is

NP-hard. These theorems can be used in exact exponential algorithms (as dominance relations reducing the number of solutions

enumerated explicitly), as well as in heuristic and metaheuristic methods (supporting the construction of sub-optimal schedules

of a good quality).

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Sterna
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Abstract

This study builds on an existing structural model developed to examine the influence of

leadership and organizational culture on innovation and satisfaction of engineers in Australian

public sectors (APS). The objective of this study is to increase the understanding of

innovation process with a focus on causal relationships among critical factors. To achieve this

objective, the study develops an assessment approach to help predict creativity and work

meaningfulness of engineers in the APS. Three quantitative analysis methods were sequentially

conducted in this study including correlation analysis, path analysis, and Bayesian

networks. A correlation analysis was conducted to pinpoint the strong association between

key factors studied. Subsequently, path analysis was employed to identify critical pathways

which were accordingly used as a structure to develop Bayesian networks. The findings of

the study revealed practical strategies for promoting (1) transformational leadership and (2)

innovative culture in public sector organizations since these two factors were found to be key

drivers for individual creativity and work meaningfulness of their engineers. This integrated

approach may be used as a decision support tool for managing the innovation process for

engineers in the public sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

Warit Wipulanusat
Kriengsak Panuwatwanich
Rodney A. Stewart
Piya Parnphumeesup
Jirapon Sunkpho
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Abstract

In order to assess the challenges and needs of Austrian companies with respect to current

business and technological developments, a regular well-researched compilation of empirical

data of the Austrian manufacturing industry is necessary. Hence, a panel of 104 decisionmakers

(owners, CEOs, managing directors and plant managers) from leading Austrian

industrial companies was assembled in form of an “industry panel” to investigate current

issues of production work in Austria by means of a survey.

In order to allow for a longitudinal study, it is planned to survey the same group of people

every year; hence the instrument of an annual panel-survey was chosen. To date the panel

consists of 104 leaders from different Austrian or international companies with at least one

factory location in Austria. The panel was assembled first in 2018/2019 and the administered

survey contained 23 questions. The actual questions comprise topics that concern the current

economic situation and future expectations, operational issues with respect to delivery

time, product variability and demand fluctuations, as well as questions relating to innovation,

automation and the application of current technological developments (i.e. assistance

systems, machine learning, etc.) in manufacturing. This paper presents the survey results

and conclusions of the 2019 panel on production work in Austria.

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Authors and Affiliations

Walter Mayrhofer
David Kames
Sebastian Schlund
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Abstract

In the article problems related to human labor and factors affecting the increasing use of

industrial robots are discussed. Since human factors affect the production processes stability,

robots are preferred to apply. The application of robots is characterized by higher performance

and reliability comparing to human labor. The problem is how to determine the real

difference in work efficiency between human operator and robot. The aim of the study is to

develop a method that allows clearly definition of productivity growth associated with the

replacement of human labor by industrial robots. Another aim of the paper is how to model

robotized and manual operated workstation in a computer simulation software. Analysis of

the productivity and reliability of the hydraulic press workstation operated by the human

operator or an industrial robot, are presented. Simulation models have been developed taking

into account the availability and reliability of the machine, operator and robot. We apply

OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) indicator to present how availability and reliability

parameters influence over performance of the workstation, in the longer time. Simplified

financial analysis is presented considering different labor costs in EU countries.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Gołda
Adrian Kampa
Iwona Paprocka
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Abstract

Having increasingly tightened geological and mining conditions in which the extraction of copper ore deposits in Poland is conducted, ensuring effective and safe mining is presently becoming a key task and a significant challenge for mine operators, mainly in the field of ground support systems being the equivalent for the new geological/mining conditions. As one may expect, these conditions shall be characterized by higher values of the primary stress tensor elements as well as the lower deformability and higher strength of the rock mass surrounding the copper ore body. T his means that in the near future, the rock bursts problem will become one of the most important issues deciding on the economy and safety within the newly developed mining areas. T herefore developing a novel effective ductile ground support systems which could be able to control the rock mass movement in squeezing and burst-prone rock conditions is recommended. T his type of requirement may fulfil only ductile or, in other words, the kinetic energy-absorbing systems, which permit slowing down a movement of violently ejected rock blocks. T his paper’s objective is to present the idea of the development of a new type of an effective and low cost ductile resin anchored rockbolt system with smooth and of the square cross-section steel rod is formed in coil shape of different pitch. T he developed bolt prototypes have been tested underground in the G-11 section of the Rudna mine. Results of the pull-out tests, involving different bolts’ shapes and different sliding materials set on the rockbolts’ rods, have proved those bolts’ efficiency as an element of the ductile support system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Witold Pytel
Piotr Mertuszka
Krzysztof Szeptun
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Abstract

One of the most important business areas of the company is the management of working capital. Energy companies that produce electricity and heat are the main consumers of steam coal, so their decision concerning stock levels is a major determinant of supply schedules. These decisions depend on legal and technical requirements as well as economic aspects. The seasonality of coal consumption jointly with pre-purchase costs and storage costs has a straight impact on delivery scheduling in a parabolic way. There is a divergence in expectations regarding delivery schedules among the coal market participants (energy, mining, transport companies). The purpose of this article is to present the concept of pricing of steam coal and transport service on the Polish market, assuming the use of price incentives, resulting in delivery scheduling during the year. The article presents selected theoretical content in the field of coal logistics and working capital management in the company, the expectations of the steam coal market participant regarding delivery schedules have been identified. The proposed concept of pricing steam coal and transport service should be discussed further in scientific and expert work.

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Authors and Affiliations

Patryk Dunal
Filip Bolesta
Wojciech Dydyk
Małgorzata Kozik
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Abstract

The content of the study focuses on the issue of the right to work of persons with disabilities from the point of view of the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities adopted by the General Assembly of United Nations in 2006. The article discusses the formal elements of the national system supporting the professional activity of this group of people. The author also presents opinions of various entities, independent of state authorities, on the compatibility of solutions adopted in our country with the philosophy of the Convention.

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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Mikrut
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Abstract

This article contains a partial report on ethnographic research conducted among homeless people who live in the streets outside the system of institutional aid or are staying in a hostel they created themselves. The study, carried out according to the principles of an interpretive orientation, created an opportunity to learn the views of the homeless people. It describes manifestations of engagement on behalf of the hostel in which they live and of a special type of work they undertake—interactive work on one another’s identity, which they refer to as mutual “education”—as well as involvement in the form of “doing nothing.”
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Kostrzyńska
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Łódzki
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Abstract

Job crafting is an employees activity aimed to change and improve own work which serves to find the meaning in job. Activities related to job crafting usually occur beyond the superiors’ knowledge so the feeling of autonomy of a worker may hinder or encourage them to craft job. The study aimed to determine the correlations between organizational rank and job crafting with respect to a mediating role of autonomy and organizational tenure as a moderator. Study 1 (N = 102) showed that people having managerial positions undertake task crafting more often than non-managers. Managers and non-managers are no different with regards to cognitive and relational crafting. Autonomy mediated the relationship between organizational rank and task crafting. Most of the results in study 2 (N = 99) was a replication of the results of study 1. The differences are probably related to a various length of organizational tenure for a current organization. The results of the presented studies indicate the role of autonomy in undertaking job crafting, what is being discussed in the literature worldwide and Polish studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mateusz Minda
Karolina Mudło-Głagolska
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Abstract

The study focuses on the reflection of Jewish‑Slavic relations in the work of Alexander Pavlovіch (Oleksandr Pavlovych, 1819‑1900). The author in question was a Greek Catholic priest – a representative of the Eastern Religious Rite (Byzantine) during the 19th century. In the context of his poems, the figures of Jewish innkeepers appear to be overly burdened with stereotypes. We briefly present the history of the Jews in Eastern Slovakia, where Pavlovich lived. The aim of such poems, which were written mostly by the clergy during the mentioned period, was not to stir up passion. The task of didactic works was to educate people and warn them against the harmful effects of alcohol. Pavlovich belonged to the group of writers that raised awareness of alcoholism. Despite being canonized, it is necessary to critically revise the approach of the poet’s treatment of the Jewish theme over a longer period.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adriana Amir
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Prešov, Prešovská univerzita
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Abstract

The potential applications of loop heat pipes (LHPs) are the nuclear power space systems, fuel cell thermal management systems, waste heat recovery systems, medium temperature electronic systems, medium temperature military systems, among others. Such applications usually operate in temperature ranges between 500–700 K, hence it is necessary to develop an LHP system that will meet this requirement. Such a thermal management device require to meet various technical problems and challenges currently existing in the development of LHP working in medium temperatures, including: (1) selection of appropriate working fluid; (2) selection of appropriate LHP construction material; (3) construction of suitable test rig capable of testing at elevated temperatures; (4) development of new testing methods. Currently, there are no proven working fluids that can be used in LHPs in medium temperature ranges. Water can be applicable only at temperatures up to 570 K. Caesium can be applicable at temperatures above 670 K. Organic fluids usually tend to generate non-condensable gasses and/or decompose at elevated temperatures and their viscosity dramatically increases. For halides, most of them are very reactive or toxic and their full property data are not available or the majority of the physical properties are predicted, also live tests and their environmental impact data are not adequate. As for casing/LHP construction material, there are no full chemical compatibility tables with most of the medium temperature working fluids and the reactivity of fluids significantly limits the potential materials. Also, testing such an LHP is an endeavour as the reactivity of medium temperature fluids and the use of obscure metals create new challenges. Altogether creates multiple challenges in the development, testing, handling and operating of LHP in the medium temperature range.
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Bibliography

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[8] Faghri A., Buchko M., Cao Y.: A study of high-temperature heat pipes with multiple heat sources and sinks: Part II – Analysis of continuum transient and steadystate experimental data with numerical predictions. J. Heat Transf. 113(1991), 4, 1010–1016.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Szymański
1
Dariusz Mikielewicz
1

  1. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, Narutowicza 11/12,80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Abstract

The interiors of the Imperial Castle in Poznań are embellished with scores of different stone varieties. In order to preserve and renovate them, an in-depth conservation examination needed to be performed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Czyński
1

  1. Monument Service
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Abstract

This article discusses the problem of orphan manuscripts and writings in the collection of documents deposited with the Jagiellonian University. The author mentions the difficulties in the access to this heritage, due to the unclear status of these works. In this context she analyzes and presents biographies and views of all Jewish philosophers who received Ph.D. degree at the Jagiellonian University in the years 1918 through 1939, many of whom probably did not survive World War II.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Smywińska-Pohl
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Abstract

The aim of this analysis is to determine whether Marx’s diagnosis of alienated work applies to work that is performed in our time, and whether the concept itself is useful for philosophical anthropology. Marx assumes that there is a link between alienation of work and alienation of the worker. The author asks if these premises lead to further questions, such as: Is the phenomenon of alienation of work characterized unambiguously and precisely? Can it be useful for analyzing social phenomena occurring outside the proletariat? Is it relevant to apply this phenomenon to the philosophical discourse on man conducted independently of the historical perspective assumed by Marx? Will abolition of private ownership of means of production eliminate the phenomenon of alienated work? Which is more nearly true: Marx’s idea that private property is the result of alienated work, or the opposite, that private property is its cause?

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Authors and Affiliations

Witold P. Glinkowski
ORCID: ORCID

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