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Pre-Teutonic Gdańsk and Coin Finds: Numismatics Between History and Archaeology

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 1-63 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136903

Keywords Gdańsk early medieval coins dirhams coin finds history of a settlement

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Abstract

Our aim is to show that numismatics can provide important information about early history of a settlement in the face of a shortage of other types of evidence. We will study the case of Gdańsk. There is a record on the existence of the town (urbs) of Gdańsk from 997, but no sufficiently considerable archaeological traces of this town were found. Therefore, we do not know where the oldest Gdańsk was located. Most likely, the settlement relics from that time were destroyed as a result of fortification works at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. However, the destruction of stratigraphic structures does not mean the destruction of certainly dated historical artefacts, and above all, coins. Registration of early medieval coin finds from the area of Gdańsk provides knowledge of the extent of settlement and functional changes of individual parts of the town complex.

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Authors and Affiliations

Borys Paszkiewicz

1

Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Instytut Archeologii

Otto-Adelheid deniers with five points inside the chapel. = Denary Ottona i Adelajdy z pięcioma punktami we wnętrzu kaplicy

Peter Ilisch

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 79-91 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136905

Keywords Early Madieval German Coinage Otto-Adelheid-Pfennige anonymous Coins

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Abstract

Amongst the early variations of the so-called Otto-Adelheid-pennies are coins with five pellets within the church. They exist in two varieties in respect of the distribution of the four letters ODDO in the cross angles. It can be shown that both are from the same unlocalised mint. The number of dies is rather small and that the variety with O-O-D-D precedes O-D-D-O. Issuing must have started soon after 983/984 and probably was ended before c. 993.

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Authors and Affiliations

Peter Ilisch

1

Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster

Dirhams from new discoveries in Gdańsk. Annex: Pre-Teutonic Gdańsk and Coin Finds: Numismatics Between History and Archaeology

Grzegorz Arkuszewski

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 65-78 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136904

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Grzegorz Arkuszewski

Coins of the 10th and 11th Centuries in the Collection of the Ossolinski National Institute (Ossolineum)

Barbara Butent-Stefaniak

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 213-230 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136911

Keywords Ossolineum early medieval coinage hoards

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Abstract

The article describes early medieval (10th–11th c.) coins from the collection of the Ossolinski National Institute. There are about 400 coins from this period, originate from Poland and other countries. Part of them come from hoards or archaeological excavations carried out on settlements or grave fields, other coins come from the old collections of Ossolineum in Lviv, and some from donations or various purchases. In the Ossolineum there are fragments of six early medieval hoards, containing coins, silver ornaments and fragments of silver clumps.

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Barbara Butent-Stefaniak

1

Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich, Dział Numizmatyczny, ul. Szewska 37 50-139 Wrocław

Finds of Provincial Coins of the Bithynia Towns from the Territory of Belarus

Kyrylo Myzgin Vital Sidarovich

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 187-212

Keywords coin finds Roman provincial coins Bithynian coinage Barbaricum Roman period

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Abstract

The article is concerned with the finds of four bronze coins of Bithynia unearthed in the territory of the present-day state of Belarus: a coin of Hadrian from Rehispolle (Minsk Voblasts), which belongs to the so-called coins of the Koinon of Bithynia, and coins with the images of Julia Domna (Kopcevichy, Vitebsk Voblasts), Macrinus (Yuzafovа, Vitebsk Voblasts), and Gordian III (Pruzhany, Brest Voblasts), all issued by the mint at Nicaea. The authors argue that the coins may have reached Belarus from the Danubian provinces as well as directly from Nicaea (present-day İznik in Turkey), i.e., from those locations or territories where their participation in monetary circulation was the greatest. It is most likely that those coins may have been seized by the Barbarians during their incursions into the Roman provinces in the course of the Gothic Wars (3rd century CE).

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Authors and Affiliations

Kyrylo Myzgin

1

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Vital Sidarovich

2

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Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Historii, 00–927 Warszawa, ul. Krakowskie Przedmieście 26/28
Białoruski Uniwersytet Państwowy, Wydział Historyczny, 220030 Mińsk, Białoruś, ul. Krasnoarmeyskaja 6

The Find of False Groschen of King Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632) from Lublin

Miłosz Huber Tomasz Markiewicz

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 245-264 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136913

Keywords counterfeiting of coins groschen Sigismund III Vasa Lublin

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Abstract

The assemblage of coins found in the Old Town district of Lublin (6a, Wincentego Pola St., presently known as Archidiakońska St.) on 1 July 1981 consists of 21 false groschen of Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632) and 2 fragments of unspecified coins. As a result of the research analysis, it has been found that the coins were minted in tin-coated copper. Despite the fact that the dates are decipherable only on 10 groschen coins, it may be inferred from the identity of the coin dies that 15 of them (71.4%) bear the year 1608, while 5 (23.8%) – 1607. No date has been determined for only one coin. The groschen of 1607, struck with the use of one pair of coin dies, imitate the bust / eagle type. This particular variation tends to prevail also among the pieces with the date 1608 (13 out of a total number of 15 pieces), which had been coined with the use of two pairs of dies. 1 groschen with a bust and 2 groschen with a crown image had been struck by means of some other coin dies. The fact that the forged coins were found at the site of the former townhouse owned by the mayor Jan Szembek (since 1608) allows us to presume that they may have been deposited there as a result of some administrative action taken against the illegal practice. Beginning from the early decades of the 17th century, conditions for the growth of such practices had been created and fuelled by the atmosphere of the increasing economic crisis and the resulting perturbations spreading across the monetary markets of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Authors and Affiliations

Miłosz Huber

1

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Tomasz Markiewicz

2

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Katedra Geologii, Gleboznawstwa i Geoinformacji UMCS, Al. Kraśnickie 2cd 20-718 Lublin
Muzeum Narodowe w Lublinie, ul. Zamkowa 9, 20–117 Lublin

The Bohemian Finds of Imitative Coins with the Inscription •VIDV

Jiří Lukas

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 231-243 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136912

Keywords Early Middle Ages coin finds Polish coinage imitations

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Abstract

This article focuses on two early medieval imitative coins found in Bohemia (one in the vicinity of Hradec Králové / Königgrätz in 1931; the other in Prague–Klánovice in 2016). The coins were probably struck in 1010–1015, and on the obverse imitate the Saxon denarii of the Otto-Adelheid type with the letters O-D-D-O in the arms of the cross. On the reverse, there is a church with the letters •VIDV, imitating Bavarian or Bohemian denarii from the second half of the 10th century. The location of most of the finds of these denarii in central Europe, including both coins found in Bohemia, indicates their Polish origin. Nevertheless, their issuer remains uncertain.

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Jiří Lukas

Is the Penny of the Stroncz. 54 type a Coin in the Name of Duke Bolesław IV the Curly? On the Penny Coinage Issued in Silesia in the Second Half of the 12th Century

Jerzy Piniński

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 109-121 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136907

Keywords pennies Silesia Bolesław IV the Curly Bolesław I the Tall the hoard of Głogów

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Abstract

The article deals with the penny coinage minted in Silesia in the latter half of the 12th century. According to the author, it is very likely that the Polish coinage of Silesia during the period of feudal fragmentation had originated under the rule of two Silesian Piast dukes, brothers Bolesław I the Tall and Mieszko IV Tanglefoot (in the period 1166–1172), responsible for several penny types issued up until the late 12th century and subjected to periodic recoinage. It is also possible that the first two types may have been minted by the Senior Duke Bolesław IV the Curly, although the author believes that this hypothesis is less plausible.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Piniński

The chronology of the oldest cross deniers (Gumowski CNP Typ I). = Datowanie najstarszych denarów krzyżowych (Gumowski CNP Typ I)

Peter Ilisch

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 93-107

Keywords Early Medieval German Coinage Sachsenpfennige Hochrandpfennige Kreuzpfennige cross deniers anonymous Coins

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Abstract

Amongst the first imported silver coins from western Europe in hoards in the territories of the western Slavs after the decline of silver import from Central Asia are issues anonymous in both respect of ruler and mint which have been in discussion since the early nineteenth century. In research they have been called by various names such as Sachsenpfennige, Hochrandpfennige, Kreuzpfennige (German) or krzyżówki (Polish) and must originate from mint(s) in Eastern Saxony bordering Slavs. They are of importance for the understanding of the use and chronology of coined silver in Slavic lands, especially in Poland and eastern Germany. The example of the Strandby hoard in Denmark, where these occur in a larger number, are well documented and to a larger part are unfragmented, allows us to show that the hitherto used dating (Kilger 2000) is incorrect. All known varieties must have been struck before 983/984 and not up to c. 1000. There is no continuation to younger series with hammered edge appearing since early eleventh century.

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Peter Ilisch

1

Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster

Illustrating Polish Coins, Medals, and Seals in the Graphic Arts Techniques in the Second Half of the 19th Century. The Period of the Outstanding Numismatic Publications

Katarzyna Podniesińska

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 157-186 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136909

Keywords illustrations of coins medals and seals numismatic iconography (in graphic art) graphic art XIX c. engravers and illustrators XIX c. graphic techniques

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Abstract

Many academic works fundamental to Polish numismatics, from the earliest time to the modern period, were published in the second half of the 19th century. The subject of the present article is an analysis of the illustration–related aspects of those works as well as some other minor publications. The author describes the most commonly used graphic techniques (across–the–end–grain wood engraving, lithography, copper engraving, etching), mentions the prominent engravers and graphic artists, and presents a number of ateliers/workshops which carried out commissions connected with numismatics. The objective of the text is to identify and describe certain characteristic regularities as well as some special features relating to the field of numismatic printmaking.

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Katarzyna Podniesińska

1

Gabinet Rycin i Rysunków Muzeum Narodowego w Krakowie

Regional Monetary Standards and Medieval Bracteates

Roger Svensson

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 123-156 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136908

Keywords regional monetary standards bracteates classification Middle Ages periodic re-coinage transaction costs seigniorage coin hoards

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Abstract

In the Middle Ages, tens of thousands types of uni-faced bracteate coins were struck in the period 1140−1520. The existence of hundreds of small independent currency areas with their own mints in central, eastern, and northern Europe and the strong link between bracteates and periodic re-coinage explain the large number of bracteate types. The classification and dating of coins can provide insight into economic and monetary development when studying coin hoards and cumulative finds. A central problem when classifying bracteates is that most of them are anonymous, i.e., there are seldom any legends or letters. However, bracteates struck in closely located mints almost always have the same regional monetary standard. In this study, I show how monetary standards in combination with social attributes can be used to classify bracteates when both legends and find information are lacking. I also provide an economic explanation why closely related mints voluntary joined a specific monetary standard.

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Roger Svensson

1

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The Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN) P.O. Box 55665, SE–10215 Stockholm, Sweden

Paweł Milejski, Krzysztof Jaworski, Beata Miazga, Borys Paszkiewicz, Piotr Gunia, Sylwia Rodak, Bogdan Miazga, Skarb groszy praskich z XIV i XV wieku z Boguszowa (tak zwany skarb wałbrzyski), wsp. Ł. Sroka, red. nauk. B. Paszkiewicz, Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Bibliotheca Nummaria Leopoldina 1, Wrocław 2020, 451 ss., ilustr.

Jerzy Piniński

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 351-355 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136919

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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Piniński

Anton R. Mihel’son, Oleg V. Trost’ânskij, Evropejskie denarii na Rusi v X–XII vekah, Čast’ I, Ûžnaâ i ûgo-zapadnaâ Rus’, Staroladožskij istoriko-arhitekturnyji arheologičeskij muzej-zapovednik. Nekommerčeskoe partnerstvo „Organizovannaâ Arheologiâ”, Sankt-Peterburg 2019, 398 s., ilustr.

Stanisław Suchodolski

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 347-350 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136918

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Stanisław Suchodolski

Dagmar Grossmannová, Ilona Matejko-Peterka, Dagmar Kašparová, Polské mince, medaile a papírová platidla z muzejních sbírek. Moravské zemské muzeum. Slezské zemské muzeum. = Muzeum Ziemi Morawskiej. Muzeum Ziemi Śląskiej. Polskie monety, medale i banknoty ze zbiorów muzealnych, Częstochowa 2018, 381 s. ISBN 978-83-945669-1-3.

Borys Paszkiewicz

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 357-365 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136920

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Authors and Affiliations

Borys Paszkiewicz

Opis naczyń towarzyszących skarbom małych szelągów miedzianych Jana Kazimierza z Rokitna, pow. lubartowski. Aneks: O dwóch skarbach małych szelągów miedzianych Jana Kazimierzaz Rokitna, pow. lubartowski

Jolanta M. Michalak-Ścibior

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 295-298 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136915

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Jolanta M. Michalak-Ścibior

1

Muzeum Narodowe w Lublinie, ul. Zamkowa 9, 20–117 Lublin

On Two Hoards of Small Copper Shilling Coins of King John Casimir Vasa from Rokitno, Lubartów county

Tomasz Markiewicz

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 265-293 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136914

Keywords copper shillings (szeląg) boratynka coins coin hoards John Casimir Vasa

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Abstract

The text is an analysis of two hoards of copper shillings (szeląg) of John Casimir Vasa (1648–1668) dating from the years 1659–1666, found in one of the arable fields at Rokitno (Lubartów County) in 1981 and 2011. The first one is made up entirely of 3,530 copper shillings (so called boratynka in singular), while in the other one, with 10,218 pieces, the same coin type accounts for 99.9%. The structures of these two hoards from Rokitno correspond with some other representative deposits of the same coin type from the localities such as Idźki-Wykno, Przasnysz, Terespol. This particular structure refers, among other things, to percentage shares of the Polish Crown and Lithuanian shillings as well as to how the individual mints and years of issue are represented in these types. The hoard unearthed in 1981 was deposited most probably in the early fourth quarter of the 17th century, whereas the one found in 2011 – shortly after 1695.

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Tomasz Markiewicz

1

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Muzeum Narodowe w Lublinie, ul. Zamkowa 9, 20–117 Lublin

Silver Glasses Decorated with Coins from the Collection of the Przypkowski Family of Jędrzejów

Grzegorz Śnieżko

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 317-345 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136917

Keywords vessels decorated with coins silver calyxes Tadeusz Przypkowski

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Abstract

The article is focused on a presentation of 16 silver calyxes owned by Mr. Piotr Maciej Przypkowski. These objects are adorned with various coins: ancient Roman (4), medieval (3), and modern (9). In addition to the coins, each vessel has Latin (12) and Polish (4) maxims as well as alchemic and astrological symbols under its rim. This is very likely the latest, attested in numismatic literature, example of historical coins being reused as decorative elements of vessels.

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Grzegorz Śnieżko

1

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Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN, Al. Solidarności 105, 00–140 Warszawa

Coins of the Łódź Ghetto: Production of Receipts (Scrips) in the German Nazi-Occupied Łódź (Litzmannstadt Ghetto)

Michał M. Zagórowski

Wiadomości Numizmatyczne | 2020 | Rok LXIV | 299-316 | DOI: 10.24425/wn.2020.136916

Keywords Łódź Litzmannstadt Ghetto ghetto coins Mark receipts

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Abstract

The text concerns the production of coins in the Litzmannstadt Ghetto (a Jewish ghetto established in the Polish city of Łódź by the German Nazi authorities). In 2019, the author contacted Mordechai Brown, who participated in the production as a 14-year-old boy. The present article has been based on his personal account. In addition, the results of the XRF analyses of the Łódź Ghetto coins have been presented.

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Michał M. Zagórowski

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