Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics

In this paper, we investigate non-classical reinsurance models. Two kinds of such models are presented. One is based on dependent binomial distributions and the second on fuzzy numbers. First, we study dependent random variables representing claims using copulas. We investigate the number of claims the reinsurer covers and the total value of covered claims. We present the influence of the degree of dependence and different copulas on the number and the value of the claims covered by the reinsurer. Second, we analyze the case in which the main parameter of the model, the probability that the reinsurer covers the claim, is uncertain. We treat such a parameter as a fuzzy number in this case and combine randomness and fuzziness. We also study the case when the parameter of a copula which describes the degree of dependence is uncertain.

We propose a new extension of the Weibull-exponentiated half logistic-G (WEHL-G) distribution, called the Marshall-Olkin-Weibull-exponentiated half logistic-G (MO-WEHL-G) family of distributions. The properties of this family of distributions including quantile function, distribution of the order statistics, hazard rate function, Rényi entropy and moments of residual life are presented. To estimate the parameters of the MO-WEHL-G family of distributions, six different estimation approaches are used, namely, maximum likelihood, Anderson-Darling, Ordinary Least Squares, Weighted Least Squares, Cramér-von Mises and Maximum Product of Spacing. The consistency properties of the six estimation methods were assessed using Monte Carlo simulations for a special case of the MO-WEHL-G family of distributions. The flexibility and importance of the proposed model was assessed using numerous goodness-of-fit statistics on three different data sets.

In this paper we analyze motives (person-, work-, and organizational-related) of presenteeism among employees in selected European countries. We applied questions on presenteeism from European Working Conditions Surveys (EWCS) for 2010-2021. Based on the preliminary outcomes we observe that presenteeism is gender and geographical-dependent. Therefore, we use geographically weighted regression (GWR) to model determinants of phenomena. We find that men are more motivated by economic issues (the level of earnings, type of work contract, household financial situation, gander pay gap) but women are guided by so-called emotional factors (having children at home or work requiring direct contact with customers). The type of employment contract and fact of having children at home also has an impact on presenteeism. The results of the GWR show that, regardless of gender, there are countries for which the influence of multiple factors was recorded simultaneously, e.g. Spain, Malta, Portugal. However, there are countries for which no influence of factors on presenteeism was identified, e.g. Germany, Slovakia, Sweden, Hungary, Luxemburg or Finland and therefore, the motives of presenteeism should be analysed separately. Finally, the country policy insurance arrangements contribute to the presenteeism.