@ARTICLE{Hikmet_Kınacı_Eyyüp_Gemological_2024,
 author={Hikmet Kınacı, Eyyüp},
 volume={vol. 40},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management},
 pages={153-167},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 publisher={Komitet Zrównoważonej Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi PAN},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={Gemstones have been valued by people for thousands of years, even before the science of geology was established. Ornamental stones are formed by elements commonly found in nature, such as oxygen, carbon, aluminum, silicon, and magnesium. Silica group gemstones, with the chemical formula SiO2, are the most common gemstone group in the world. The presence of trace elements like Fe, Ni, Cr, and Cu gives them different colors. Quartz is a semi-precious inorganic gemstone that consists of Silicon dioxide (SiO2) and crystallizes naturally, and it also stands out as a gemstone. In this study, the aim was to determine the geological, geochemical, and gemological properties of citrine formations in Western Anatolia (Karacasu–Aydin–Turkiye). In this context; XRF, Raman spectrum and FTIR studies were carried out to determine the chemical and gemological properties of the samples collected from the study area. According to studies; The iron content of citrines is between 0.05–0.07%. As a result of Raman spectrometry, wavelength results of 175 cm–1, 300 cm–1, and 460 cm–1 were obtained. In addition, it has been determined that citrine formations are in the form of thin veins in the crack zones at the contacts of the metamorphic units in the region. Yellow quartz crystals, which are gemologically identified as citrine, were shaped and their gemstone value was revealed. Although citrines are called ferrous quartz, they gain a striking appearance when they are faceted, polished, and turned into the final product in terms of ornamental stones. Given that, in the jewelry sector, heat-treated stones, which are more affordable and readily accessible, are commonly used instead of citrine, it is believed that this study can provide significant insights into the characterization of the jewelry.},
 type={Article},
 title={Gemological – geochemical characteristics of western Anatolian (Karacasu) citrines},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/132541/k%C4%B1nac%C4%B1.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/gsm.2024.151531},
 keywords={citrine, gemology, Karacasu, quartz, gemstone},
}