@ARTICLE{Karcz_Aleksander_Ignition_2001,
 author={Karcz, Aleksander and Jonas, Jerzy and Jurzecka, Elzbieta and Rozwadowski, Andrzej},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management},
 pages={19-28},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2001},
 publisher={Komitet Zrównoważonej Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi PAN},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={One of the essential parameters that characterizes the properties of carbonizates for use as fuels is their ignition temperature. Herein, described is a simple and fast method for the determination of the ignition temperature of solid fuels. First, discussed is a study on the selection of essential factors influencing the determination of the ignition temperature such as the mass ofsample, grain size fraction, heating rate, and oxygen flow rate. The Greek-Latin square method is applied to establish the significance of these factors. Based on the results of the study and on cost and time optimization, the following experimental values arc chosen: sample mass- 1,5 g; grain size fraction-0,5-1,0 mm; heating rate- 10 K/min; oxygen flow rate-400 cm3/min. In order to evaluate the suitability of the method, a series of measurements were carried out for ten carbonizatcs with varying degrees of carbonization and which were obtained from various hard coals. These carbonizates included, among others, typical smokeless fuels with the volatile matter contents of 8-10% which were manufactured from bituminous coals and which showed relatively high reactivities. They also included the medium reactivity cokes made by the stamping and free charging methods for other than metallurgical applications as well as a few low reactivity metallurgical cokes. The data indicated that the high reactivity smokeless fuels had the lowest ignition temperatures ranging from 350 to 400°C that should have made their combustion possible in simple grate furnaces. The ignition temperatures for the medium reactivity cokes were in the range of430-520°C and for the low reactivity metallurgical cokes were in the range of 550-590°C. The study fully confirmed the suitability of the proposed method for the determination of the ignition temperature as applied to a series of carbonizates ranging from the typical smokeless fuel with the relatively low ignition temperature of 350°C to the best quality metallurgical coke for a potential use in PCI technology with the high ignition temperature of 590°C.},
 type={Artykuł},
 title={Ignition temperature of carbonizates},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/132742/PDF/4_GSM_17_2_2001_Karcz_Temperatura.pdf},
 keywords={Carbonizatcs, ignition temperature},
}