@ARTICLE{Pietrzyk-Sokulska_Elżbieta_Open_2001,
 author={Pietrzyk-Sokulska, Elżbieta},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management},
 pages={35-52},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2001},
 publisher={Komitet Zrównoważonej Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi PAN},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={Open mining of hard-rocks has been performed in the vicinity of Cracow for a long period of time. Discussed teritory consists of several physico-gcographical mcsoregions (Fig. I) that display complicated geological structure (Fig. 2), diversified relief as well as natural - landscape values. The Cracow region is also characterized by considerable concentration of hard-rock deposits as well as limestone and magmatic rock mining sites. The mining of these rocks has got a few century long tradition which has been performed in a lot of quarries of different dimensions (Tab. I). The hard-rock deposits excavated in these quarries have been used in many branches of industry as well as in agriculture. In the vicinity of Cracow there are also the areas of unique natural landscape values which have been under different forms of legal protection since I 981 (Fig. 3). The open mining activity has influenced the environment in discribed region with larger intensity than elsewhere. Thus, the greater precautions should be undertaken during the course of mining. The range and scale of the exploitation effect depend on the environmental, mining and social- economic factors as well as on the course of reclamation and managament of the workings after the closing up of the mining activity. Presented paper deals with the influence of the hard-rock mining on the particular components of the natural environment against the sozological conditions. Prospects of management of the post-exploited workings that minimize environmental transformations are also discussed. New, antropogenie forms resulting from this management may also become an additional atraetion of the region.},
 title={Open mining of hard-rocks of the Cracow vicinity - sozological conditions},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/132750/PDF-MASTER/5_GSM_17_3_2001_Pietrzyk_Sokulska_Odkrywkowe.pdf},
 keywords={open mining, hard-rocks, Cracow vicinity, natural and landscape values, sozological conditions, transformationof environment, reclamation and management of the quarries},
}