@ARTICLE{Shaaban_Abdullah_M.A._Techno-economic_2024,
 author={Shaaban, Abdullah M.A. and El-Samahy, Adel A. and Abed, Kamal A. and Mosa, Magdi A.},
 volume={vol. 27},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal},
 pages={53-70},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources and it can be exploited to produce electrical energy through photovoltaic (PV) panels. PV panels are affected by several factors, the most important being the panel temperature, which greatly affects the performance and efficiency of the PV. This paper investigates the effect of water-based surface cooling on the PV performance. Techno-economic PV evaluation depending on surface water cooling was examined. The effect of changing the water flow rate on the panel temperature was studied. The proposed system studied the effect of using variable water flow rates (1.25, 5, 7 L/min) on the panel temperature. A 260 W poly-crystalline PV panel combined with a water cooling system was examined experimentally. The PV panel temperature, open circuit voltage, short circuit current and output power were measured before and after cooling at variable flow rates. A PV panel analyzer I-V400 was used to test the panel in order to draw the IV and power curves. It was found that the rate of decrease in panel temperature with time is almost constant for all cases. Increasing the rate of water flow on the panel surface did not affect the rate of its temperature decrease with time. With the proposed surface cooling technique, the panel temperature decreased from 62.4 to 37.6oC. PV output power increased from 182.65 to 214.62W, with an improvement of around 18%. The amount of energy gained as a result of cooling saves around 0.7USD for one panel per year.},
 type={Article},
 title={Techno-economic pv evaluation depending on surface water cooling},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/132916/03-08-Shaaban%20i%20inni.pdf},
 keywords={solar energy, photovoltaics, PV surface cooling, water cooling, PV performance},
}