@ARTICLE{Zaremba_Tadeusz_A_2008,
 author={Zaremba, Tadeusz and Hehlamnn, Jan and Mokrosz, Wojciech and Stapiński, Grzegorz and Szwalikowska, Aneta},
 number={No 2},
 pages={87-105},
 journal={Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2008},
 publisher={Komitet Zrównoważonej Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi PAN},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={In Poland the power industry is the major source of pollution into the atmosphere resulting largest changes in environment. In 1994 as a result of signing by Polish Republic's Government document called "second Sulfur Protocol" the limit values ofS02 in 2010 were settled. In order to achieve this target the investment program for flue gas desulfurization (FGD) installations in polish power industry was initiated. Sustainable development of FGD installations as well as implementation of fluidized bed combustion furnaces in electric and thermal power plants led to the production of new type of wastes. After wet lime/limestone flue gas desulfurization with gypsumas and product, the semi-dry FGD process using lime as sorbent is the most used FGD technology in industry. While for the wet FGD process there already existed a market demand for gypsum and the FGD by-product could gradually replace the use of natural gypsum, the establishment ofrecycling and utilization of semi-dry FGD product has been more difficult. For cach installation in the semi-dry method depending on the existing dust removal system, operation conditions of desulfurization installation and SO2 concentration variations in a stream of gases the chemical and mineralogical composition of desulfurization products change. In this paper the examination results of chemical and phase composition, microstructure, specific surface as well as wastes grain size composition from the semi-dry flue gas desulfurization (Siersza power plant, Łódź power and heat station) have been presented. Wastes arc fine-grained like a fly ash and contain mainly CaSO3-0.5H2O, Ca(OH)i (unreacted sorbent), CaCO3 (carbonizated sorbent), CaSO4 and CaCl2-2H2O. Basing on the chemical, mineralogical and physical characterization of wastes, the possibilities of utilization in building materials production are proposed. Wastes were subjected to calcination at the temperature of350 and 600°C in order to assess the opportunity to obtain sulfite and anhydrite binders. The phase composition and microstructurc changes after thermal treatment of the samples have been determined. The setting time and compressive strength of the standard wastes slurries, unmodified and modified with fly ash, were carried out. The laboratory tests on the waste from Siersza with an addition of fly ash have given 5 MPa compression strength after 7 days of hardening. The semi-dry FGD by-product after thermal treatment at the temperature of350°C can be used to manufacture the sulfite binders of properties similar to properties of gypsum binders used in finishing construction works. As a result of thermal oxidizing of the calcium sulfite to form calcium sulfate, e.g. at 500 to 600°C, one obtains product with properties similar to natural anhydrite.},
 type={Artykuł},
 title={A study on utilization of wastes from the semi-dry FGD installations for sulfite and anhydrite binders production},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/133500/PDF/8_GSM_24_2_1_2008_Zaremba_Otrzymywanie.pdf},
 keywords={Flue gas desulfurization, utilization of flue gas desulfurizationwastes, sulfite binders, semi-dry flue gas desulfurization technology, anhydrite binders},
}