@ARTICLE{Aydin_T._The_2024,
 author={Aydin, T. and Sari, H.},
 volume={vol. 69},
 number={No 4},
 pages={1501-1508},
 journal={Archives of Metallurgy and Materials},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 publisher={Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Polish Academy of Sciences},
 publisher={Committee of Materials Engineering and Metallurgy of Polish Academy of Sciences},
 abstract={In this study, the Blast Furnace Slag (BFS) of Zonguldak Eregli Iron and Steel Factories was used as a recycling raw material for the porcelain tile samples. A kind of clay with high MgO content was also used in the porcelain tile recipes. Maximum 10% of BFS was used instead of Na-feldspar. Sintering temperature for all samples was 1205°C for 50 minutes in the industrial roller kiln. Technological properties such as shrinkage, water absorption, colour measurement, and flexural strength were investigated as well as sintering properties and microstructures of the green and the sintered samples. As a result of the study, the addition of BFS did not adversely affect the technical properties of porcelain tile bodies. Particularly, the addition of BFS up to 3% contributed to an increase in flexural strength, and whiteness values of all samples increased because of the formation of anorthite and diopside compared to the reference body. The phase transformations and crystal formations such as anorthite and diopside resulted in a decrease in the firing shrinkage. Although the anorthite formation and diopside formation in the investigated samples had an adverse effect on condensation, it was found that they showed similar sintering behaviours compared to the reference body. This study showed that an industrial waste material can be converted into an environmentally friendly raw material that can create added value and provide energy efficiency.},
 title={The Effects of CaO and MgO on Thermal, Mechanical and Optical Properties of Porcelain Tiles by Utilizing Blast Furnace Slag},
 type={Article},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/133545/AMM-2024-4-30-Aydin.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/amm.2024.151420},
 keywords={Porcelain tile, sintering, anorthite, diopside, whiteness, recycling},
}