@ARTICLE{Horaczek_Tomasz_Leaves_2026,
 author={Horaczek, Tomasz and Gryszkiewicz-Zalega, Dorota and Klimek, Kamila E. and Kapłan, Magdalena and Buczyński, Kamil and Yilmaz, Ferah and Küçükaydın, Selçuk and Borkowska, Anna},
 number={No 69},
 journal={Journal of Water and Land Development},
 pages={9–14},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2026},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute},
 abstract={The increasing amount of waste generated by the agricultural industry, especially in the wine sector, poses environmental and economic challenges. This issue is particularly pressing as the global population is projected to reach 8.5 bln by 2030, which will further exacerbate solid waste management problems. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using grapevine leaves as an alternative animal feed ingredient. The aim of the present study was to analyse the chemical composition of the leaves of four grape varieties, ‘Regent’, ‘Rondo’, ‘Seyval Blanc’ and ‘Solaris’, in the context of their potential use as animal feed. The results indicated that grapevine leaves are a valuable source of protein, fibre and micro- and macronutrients, with the content of these components differing significantly between varieties. The leaf yield per hectare ranged from 6.08 to 8.78 Mg, with ‘Solaris’ yielding significantly the highest biomass among the studied cultivars. The analysis also revealed significant differences in the content of amino acids such as cystine, glycine, valine, tryptophan and threonine, as well as in the content of minerals, starch and neutral detergent fibre. The results obtained highlight the variation in nutritional value of grapevine leaves between varieties, suggesting the possibility of selective use depending on the nutritional needs of the animals. Utilizing such by-products supports a circular economy model and reduces the negative environmental impact of wine production.},
 title={Leaves from vine cultivation used for animal feeding purposes},
 type={Article},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/138896/2026-02-JWLD-02.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/jwld.2026.157846},
 keywords={agricultural waste, feed, leaves, nutrition, vitis},
}