@ARTICLE{Nowak_Karol_The_2019,
 author={Nowak, Karol and Stępień, Konrad and Furczyńska, Patrycja and Owsianka, Izabella and Włodarczyk, Aleksandra and Zalewski, Jarosław and Nessler, Jadwiga and Gackowski, Andrzej},
 volume={vol. 59},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Folia Medica Cracoviensia},
 pages={93-109},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2019},
 publisher={Oddział PAN w Krakowie; Uniwersytet Jagielloński – Collegium Medicum},
 abstract={B a c k g r o u n d: Heart failure (HF) is a life-threatening condition which aff ects up to 2% of contemporary populations. Generally, it is a chronic and progressive disease, however in many cases it can be prevented or treated. Nevertheless, effective control of this disease requires awareness of symptoms in the society. A i m s: The aim of the study was to assess the level of HF knowledge in the Polish population. M e t h o d s: The questionnaire concerning knowledge about HF prepared by the Competence Network HF under the patronage of the European Heart Failure Association of the ESC, was used. The survey included 534 contributors who formed three groups: medical students — in vast majority at fi rst half of the study course (MS) — 198 (37.1%), HF Awareness Day participants (HFDP) — 134 (25.1%) and other (OP) — 202 (37.8%). R e s u l t s: Study groups diff ered in terms of gender, age and level of education. As predicted, MS achieved the highest score (22.5 [20.0–24.0]), compared to HFDP (20.0 [17.0–22.0], P <0.001) and OP (19.0 [16.0– 21.0], P <0.001). Knowledge on typical HF symptoms was alarmingly low in the analyzed groups — dyspnea (MS — 96.0%, HFDP — 78.4%, OP — 74.6%), ankle edema (MS — 79.8%, HFDP — 50.6%, OP — 32.2%), body weight gain (MS — 14.1%, HFDP — 17.2%, OP — 4.5%). By multivariate model medical education (β 3.372, 95% CI 2.738–4.005) and own illness or having relatives or friends with HF (β 0.654, 95% CI 0.066–1.242) independently aff ected the score of awareness questionnaire. C on c l u s i o n s: The basic knowledge on HF in Poland is not sufficient. It is moderately better among MS. Further campaigns improving HF awareness are necessary.},
 type={Artykuły / Articles},
 title={The awareness and knowledge about heart failure in Poland — lessons from the Heart Failure Awareness Dayand internet surveys},
 URL={http://journals.pan.pl/Content/112062/PDF/FMC%202-19%2010-Nowak.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/fmc.2019.128458},
 keywords={heart failure, knowledge, survey, symptoms},
}